Musical Economics of Urban Poverty: City Redevelopment and Gentrification in the Financing, Organization, and Interpretation of Music

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klisala Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Formal Organization ◽  
Urban Neighborhood ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Impact

In this chapter, I consider the impact of urban redevelopment on the financing, organization, and interpretation of local, urban musics. I focus on gentrification, which refers to the redevelopment of a socio-economically depressed urban neighborhood during which urban poor are displaced as it becomes reconstructed for and by the middle and upper economic classes. I argue that gentrification has specific relationships to the formal organization of music-making in a neighborhood—which financing and infrastructure patterns are found there, as well as which musical styles and representations occur. Often success with gentrification positively correlates with the flourishing of (performing) arts districts, and so-called creative economies to be consumed by the affluent. Which economic and social forces lead to gentrification, and what is gentrification’s relationship to music-making? During gentrification, which kinds of musical activities and expressions tend to be economically supported, and which left out, by formally organized music initiatives?

Organizations hosting music-making for urban poor

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-70
Author(s):  
Klisala Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Popular Music ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Music Programs ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Downtown Eastside ◽  
Institutional Contexts

This chapter examines how human rights and capabilities emerge within organizations hosting music initiatives and targeting Downtown Eastside urban poor. It observes that music facilitators having considerable freedom about how to engage human rights, which are rarely specified in organizational frameworks—aims, missions, and mandates—of aid organizations that host participatory musical events, and of organizations that facilitate public music performances, for instance, performing arts companies and music academies. The chapter notes a susceptibility of jams and music therapy in aid organizations to closure. The popular music initiatives for urban poor unfold within institutional contexts of financial inequity where some music facilitators are paid very little or nothing, and certain administrators are handsomely rewarded. During the contentious urban redevelopment process of gentrification, the vulnerability of the aid organizations and their music programs, as well as the financial inequities across all organizations intensify.

Music in urban poverty

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-30
Author(s):  
Klisala Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Urban Neighborhoods ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Downtown Eastside ◽  
Broad Array

In urban contexts internationally, organizations, administrators, culture workers, artists and academics put vast effort into facilitating music and other arts in attempt to alleviate “poverty.” Poverty, according to recent definitions, refers to a broad array of social deprivations. These include deprivations of entitlements, which are widely understood as rights, and deprivations of human development, of which capability development is an example. Drawing on two decades of ethnographic field research in one of Canada’s poorest urban neighborhoods, Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside, this book asks: Which kinds of capabilities are developed via music initiatives in the Downtown Eastside, and, particularly, what is their relationship with human rights? Are specific human rights promoted, strengthened, threatened, violated, and respected in music-making by urban poor?

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Klisala Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Artistic Practice ◽  
Capability Development ◽  
Music Making ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject

This introduction considers the author’s position to the subject matter and book, including its insistence that people who experience poverty should enjoy human rights all of the time, even at the time of music-making. A critical ethnography of human rights in artistic practice, it introduces what musicking, or the social processes of engaging music, does and does not do for urban poor from the perspective of capability development and human rights. Developing capabilities is a key element of struggling toward human rights, but these capabilities may not be human rights in themselves. The prelude describes the author’s roles as a violinist, arts organizer and researcher in urban poverty as well as how she overcame methodological challenges faced during the study.

The impact of social support on adolescent coping in the context of urban poverty.

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-214
Author(s):  
Ilana Reife ◽  
Sophia Duffy ◽  
Kathryn E. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Adolescent Coping ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Spatial and Statistical Analysis of Urban Poverty for Sustainable City Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 858
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kisiała ◽  
Izabela Rącka
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
City Development ◽  
Residential Properties ◽  
City Structure ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

One of the main pillars of sustainable urban development at the local scale is to control the social aspect of urban equality of socio-economic systems. A number of studies confirm that poverty in urban space is accompanied by negative phenomena, such as high unemployment, social pathologies, increased crime rate, or the high level of the decapitalization of space, including the poor condition of housing and municipal infrastructure. However, there is a gap in defining the relation between urban poverty and city structure to control and preferably minimize social inequalities. The aim of the study was to empirically verify the impact of the location of residential properties in relation to poverty-stricken areas in the city. The research covered the housing market in one Polish city (Kalisz) in the years 2006–2018. By applying GIS technologies, we identified the location of each property in relation to poverty areas. The data was subjected to regression analysis, with the use of the hedonic approach based on exponential models. The analysis of data allowed us to conclude that location in a poorer area does affect the prices of new flats, which is not only a contribution to the development of science, but is also information that could be used by developers or property valuers to establish the prices of flats, as well as city managers to avoid pauperization of urban districts.

scholarly journals Learning on Harare’s streets under COVID-19 lockdown: making a story map with street youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 095624782097944
Author(s):  
Janine Hunter ◽  
Shaibu Chitsiku ◽  
Wayne Shand ◽  
Lorraine Van Blerk
Keyword(s):  
Urban Poor ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Street Youth ◽  
Visual Media ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Story Map ◽  
Story Maps

The COVID-19 pandemic has had disproportionate economic consequences on the urban poor, particularly on young people living on the streets. As the pandemic moves from acute to chronic phases, novel methodologies can be used to rapidly co-produce outputs and share learning opportunities with those living in urban poverty. A “story map” focusing on the effects of the pandemic and lockdown was co-produced by UK researchers with street children and youth and practitioners in Harare, Zimbabwe in June 2020. Story maps are web applications combining participant-generated visual media into online templates, with multimedia content supported by narrative accounts. This story map reveals young street participants’ experiences of lockdown, including the effects on their livelihoods, sources of food and support networks. Its purpose is to tell the “story” of street lives, and to provide an advocacy tool and learning resource for policymakers, academics and practitioners working with young homeless people.

scholarly journals Getting our act together: a qualitative evaluation of the impact of a play on issues relating to women, sex work and substance use

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Anne Campbell ◽  
Jo Egan ◽  
Paul Murphy ◽  
Carolyn Blair
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Sex Work ◽  
Performing Arts ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The Impact

Background: The arts have always sought to explore significant social issues through literature, performing arts and visual art. However, more recently there has been an increase in the use of theatre as a means of gauging audiences’ perception and understanding of key social issues. The primary aim of the current evaluation was to seek the views of audience members, service users of addiction services and expert commentators as regards their perception of a number of key issues related to the content of a play entitled Madame Geneva. Methods: The evaluation used an exploratory qualitative design incorporating a dualistic approach to the research process: including post show discussion with panellists and members of the audience and a focus group comprising service users who had also viewed a live performance of the play. Results: The topics elucidated by the performance of the play included women and sex work, women and substance use, and impact on policy and practice. The discussion of the issues raised reiterated that women still experience high levels of oppression and discrimination in areas of substance use, sex work and welfare ‘reform’ which are often couched within male dominated political discourses and structures in contemporary society. Conclusions: The arts and specifically dramaturgical representations of substance use and related issues is an effective method of initiating important pragmatic and policy discussion of issues, which affect women

scholarly journals The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on State Suicide Rates: Revisited

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mitch Kunce
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
State Level ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Ecological Fallacy ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Varia Tions

Abstract This paper revisits the purported impact of socioeconomic and social environment factors on annual, U.S. state-level suicide rates. Special attention is paid to the right-hand-side linking covariates directly to Durkheim's (1897/1951) significant contributions to established ecological suicide research. Results from a Haus-man-Taylor panel specification lend little support to Durkheim's social integra-tion/regulation hypothesis that aggregate social forces matter in explaining varia-tions in regional suicide rates. Data from 1990-2019 and the advanced empirical method support the mounting sentiment of an abiding ecological fallacy plaguing suicidology. JEL classification numbers: C51, R11, I31. Keywords: Hausman-Taylor, Suicide rates, Socioeconomic factors.

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