Oil and Gas Infrastructure

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-124
Author(s):  
Timothy C. Coburn
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Industrial Complexes ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Facilities

Oil and gas infrastructure is vast and diverse, occupying an integral position in the global economy. Without such infrastructure, the majority of fuel needed to light, heat, and cool homes and businesses and to power transportation and industry cannot be produced and delivered to markets and consumers. In this sense, infrastructure is the lifeblood of the oil and gas industry. Oil and gas infrastructure encompasses a myriad of assets, including pipelines, drilling platforms, refineries, terminals, processing plants, and storage facilities, most of which are massive and expensive industrial complexes found in all corners of the world. Such assets can yield significant economic benefits, but they also present numerous challenges, not the least of which are operational, environmental, and political in nature.

A Comparison of Double Block and Bleed Technologies

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Bowie
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
True Definition ◽  
Plant Shutdown

Double Block and Bleed is a term often used in the oil and gas industry to define a level of isolation sufficient to perform maintenance activities. The true definition relates to incumbent valves providing two proven levels of isolation against the outboard pressure to permit breaching of containment in the isolated pipe. This paper assesses how temporary isolation devices can provide equivalent isolation where incumbent valves do not exist at appropriate locations in the system. It reviews the different interpretations of Double Block and Bleed used within the industry and compares how different isolation devices are assessed in relation to the level of isolation they provide. It will reference several examples from around the world of where temporary isolation devices have been used to replace valves and perform repairs in trunk pipelines without depressurising the whole pipeline. It will also cover examples of isolating live process pipe to perform maintenance activities outside plant shutdown.

Challenges of Developing Marginal Fields in the Current Climate of Oil and Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Danmadami ◽  
Ibiye Iyalla ◽  
Gbenga Oluyemi ◽  
Jesse Andrawus
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Quality Technology ◽  
Indigenous Participation ◽  
Marginal Field

Abstract Marginal field development has gained relevance in oil producing countries because of the huge potential economic benefits it offers. The Federal Government of Nigeria commenced a Marginal Fields program in 2001 as part of her policy to improve the nation’s strategic oil and gas reserves and promote indigenous participation in the upstream sector. Twenty years after the award of marginal fields to indigenous companies to develop, 50% have developed and in production, 13% have made some progress with their acquisition while 37% remain undeveloped. The poor performance of the marginal field operators is due to certain challenges which have impeded their progress. A review of challenges of developing marginal fields in the current industry climate was conducted on marginal fields in Nigeria to identify keys issues. These were identified as: funding, technical, and public policy. Considering the complex, competitive and dynamic environment in which these oil and gas companies operate, with competition from renewables, pressure to reduce carbon footprint, low oil price and investors expectation of a good return, companies must maintain tight financial plan, minimize emissions from their operations and focus on efficiency through innovation. The study identifies the need for a decision-making approach that takes into consideration multi criteria such as cost, regulation, quality, technology, security, stakeholders, safety and environment, as important criteria based on which to evaluate the selection of appropriate development option for marginal fields.

Energy and Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-206
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Energy And Environment

This chapter examines the deep Texas-California divide over energy and environmental policies. The modern Texas economy was built on energy, and the state remains the nation’s leading producer. The state’s development of fracking has revolutionized the oil and gas industry and has helped the nation break its dependence on foreign oil. Texas has also increased its production of renewable energy, but believes the global economy will rely for the foreseeable future on fossil fuels and resists restrictions on these resources. California, by contrast, has become a global leader in the fight against climate change. It has aggressively regulated carbon emissions and mandated a massive switch to renewable energy sources. California is the only state that can impose emissions regulations more strict than federal standards. As power has shifted in Washington, California has alternated between translating its environmental policies into federal law and defending its policies from federal challenge.

scholarly journals Analyzing the Impact of Covid-19 on the Oil and Gas Industry: A Case Study of Petronas

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
Daisy Mui Hung Kee ◽  
Nur Amira Liyana ◽  
Zhang LuXin ◽  
Nur Atikah ◽  
Ninie Alwanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Sharp Drop ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

As a result of the Covid-19 epidemic, every industry in the world has been greatly affected. We took Malaysia's Petronas as an example to analyze how oil and gas industries were impacted by such a difficult international situation. This paper investigated how Covid-19 affected Petronas and how it responded to the sharp drop in oil price. In a questionnaire survey, we listed the problems that Petronas may face in this outbreak.

scholarly journals Derailed locomotive? Petrobras investments and economic growth in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Raíssa Fernandes Yabiko ◽  
Rosemarie Bröker Bone
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World

<p>Petrobras is the largest firm in Brazil and one of the largest in the world. Its investment plans are among the biggest in the oil and gas industry, focused in Brazil and on E&amp;P. Petrobras is responsible for a large share of gross capital formation and gross domestic product (GDP) growth in the country. The correlation between its investments and the country investment and GDP growth is above 0.8 and shows the dependency of the economy to Petrobras activity. At the same time, as a state enterprise it has been a tool of macroeconomic policy. In the 2010´s its gasoline and diesel prices were frozen to keep inflation down. The recent crisis in the company, including corruption scandals and oil price slump increased debt levels and reduced its capital expenditures. The sale of assets directive since 2016 is required to reduce its net debt. While a medium to long term survival strategy, the change in Petrobras’ investment profile may decrease the prospects of GDP growth in the Brazilian economy.</p>

scholarly journals Iot Enabled Pipeline Leakage Detection and Real Time Alert System in Oil and Gas Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 2582-2586
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Processing Plants ◽  
Automation And Control ◽  
And Control

Automation and control systems are necessary throughout oil & gas industries, to production and processing plants, and distribution and retailing of petroleum products. Pipelines are the efficient mode of transportations of fuels for processing plants over long distances. At present Automation is achieved by using PLC’s that are communicated through SCADA. But it is complex and remote operation is not possible. With the introduction of IoT, the pipeline leak detection system is improved through real-time monitoring of the pipelines. Our Proposed system is designed to detect even small leakage that occurs within the pipeline. The implementation of IoT in oil and gas industries prevents accidents and to make quick decisions based on real-time data

scholarly journals KEY ISSUES OF ACCOUNTING FIXED ASSETS MANAGEMENT OF OIL AND GAS ENTERPRISES: ANALYSIS OF FEATURES, COMPOSITION AND VALUATION

2019 ◽  
pp. 76-87
Author(s):  
Sofia KAFKA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Fair Value ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Drilling ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Key Issues

The article deals with the key issues concerning the system of security of fixed assets at the enterprises of the oil and gas industry. The purpose of the article is to investigate the fixed assets features and composition at the the enterprises of oil and gas industry, to determine the approaches to their assessment at the stage of their receipt by the enterprise. The state, dynamics of value and the degree of depreciation of fixed assets in Ukraine for the year 2017 have been analyzed, their features have been distinguished at the enterprises of different branches of the economy. To ensure the effective operation of the enterprises of the oil and gas industry, significant assets are required, and the results of their activities to a large extent depend on the availability and condition of fixed assets that ensure economic sustainability of economic entities. Oil and gas companies include pipelines and related equipment in fixed assets, oil and gas assets, machinery and equipment, buildings, buffer gas, drilling and reconnaissance equipment and other fixed assets. Among the assets of NJSC "NAFTOGAZ OF UKRAINE" for the year 2017, non-current assets occupied 86% of the total assets of the company, of which 94% were fixed assets, what determines the reliability of their accounting as an important element of effective management of enterprises. The dynamics of value and composition of fixed assets of enterprises of the oil and gas industry of Ukraine for 2016-2017 have been determined according to separate economic segments. The cost of fixed assets of NJSC "NAFTOGAZ OF UKRAINE" as of December 31, 2017 amounted to UAH 491 482 million, respectively, according to economic segments, it is structured in such a way that their largest share is concentrated in the system of transportation and distribution of natural gas - almost 48%, for storage of natural gas - 34%, production and sale of natural gas - 12%, and the rest belongs to the economic activities related to oil: the production of crude oil and gas condensate, transportation of crude oil. The composition of fixed assets of extractive enterprises differs from their composition in refineries. Industrial features of mining industry with significant volumes of work related to the disclosure of layers of minerals are characteristic to chemical production with a significant cost of equipment. The main approaches to the evaluation of fixed assets objects at the stage of their entrance to the enterprise have been investigated. The reliability of the accounting information on fixed assets depends on their assessment. When they are received, they are valued at their original cost, that is, by the amount of cash paid or their equivalents or fair value, another form of indemnity granted to obtain the asset at the time of its acquisition or creation, or, if accepted, the amount that is distributed to that asset in the original recognized in accordance with the specific requirements of other IFRSs. After recognition, the entity should choose either a cost model or a revaluation model in its accounting policies and should apply this policy to the entire group of fixed assets. A cessation of recognition occurs after the release of an object or when it does not expect future economic benefits from its use or disposal. In this case, it is recognized as profit or loss.

Development of Global Contract for In-Line Inspection

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Gower ◽  
Jude Moore
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
Process Work ◽  
The Right

In-Line inspection has increasingly been used across the oil and gas industry over the past 30 years as a key part of pipeline integrity programmes. Whilst the industry has started to develop standards through the ILI Association and the Pipeline Operators Forum the way in which the industry selects tools and contractors has not developed to the same extent. A significant amount of time is spent managing the procurement process rather than focusing on the selection of the right tools and ensuring they perform to expectations. The challenge is further exacerbated when operations are dispersed globally and involve many different operating relationships. BP has been a user of ILI technology since its introduction in the late 1970s and it has consistently grown in importance to BP in managing the integrity of an aging pipeline asset base. In 2006/2007 BP’s Exploration and Production Technology Group (EPTG) in conjunction with the Procurement and Supply Chain Management group (PSCM) carried out a review of its procurement arrangements across the globe for pipeline ILI to ascertain best practice and capture key lessons. It also gathered experience from other strategic long term supply chain initiatives around the BP Group to help inform and develop the ILI strategy. Early discussions held with ILI Suppliers confirmed that, whilst regional frameworks have been in place in some countries, extending this to a global operation would be breaking new ground in engaging ILI services and would be of benefit to both ends of the supply chain. The process not only needed to follow rigorous supply chain procedures that would meet EU Procurement Directives and BP Group requirements, it also had to meet the specific requirements of many Countries around the world. It was recognised that flexibility would be required to accommodate the introduction of new tools, developing technology and accommodate new areas of operation. BP also wanted to stimulate continuous improvement in ILI tool performance and application of innovative improved technology. More significantly a key objective of the Global Contract was to drive inspection quality and consistency, whilst maintaining a competitive but equitable pricing strategy. Successful implementation was not just about delivering a contract scope of work; it required the development of relationships and a common understanding so that when problems arise they can be resolved quickly and efficiently. This required a significant amount of work engaging both the ILI Contractors and Operating Units across the world in the process. Work on developing the Global ILI Contract was successfully concluded with contract awards in late 2007. The paper explores some of the challenges, lessons learnt and benefits of developing a Global Contract for ILI.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document