Features of the Use of Distance Education in Quarantine Conditions in the Postmodern World

Under the conditions of quarantine, distance learning turned out to be the only acceptable form of education, which corresponds to the current world norms of today's postmodern world space, because this type of organization of the educational process is included in the list of institutional forms along with full-time, part-time, network, and the like. Each institution of higher education, within the granted autonomy, has developed and implemented a system of measures for the technological and technical aspects of the implementation of the educational process under quarantine conditions. Along with the variety of forms of production of distance education, there are common problems and challenges for higher education institutions: the workload of both teachers and students has significantly increased; revealed the need for intensive training in the use of distance forms in the educational process; work intensified and it turned out to be obvious that specialized distance learning centers were functioning on the basis of higher educational institutions; Students with special educational needs require significant attention, both in terms of socio-psychological support and support in distance learning. The recommendations of the world community on the course of the educational process in the conditions of quarantine are considered. Most international organizations have implemented the statements and issued a set of recommendations for education systems that countries can use in making policy decisions and implementing specific action plans.

Strategy Targets Risk Management for CO2 Waterless Fracturing

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper OTC 30437, “Risk Management and Control for CO2 Waterless Fracturing,” by Siwei Meng, Qinghai Yang, SPE, and Yongwei Duan, PetroChina, et al., prepared for the 2020 Offshore Technology Conference Asia, originally scheduled to be held in Kuala Lumpur, 2–6 November. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2020 Offshore Technology Conference. Reproduced by permission. Given shortages and uneven distribution of water resources in China, efforts must be made to develop waterless fracturing techniques. The fluid experiences high pressures and low temperatures during carbon dioxide (CO2) waterless fracturing operations, which can lead to accidents and environmental pollution. In the complete paper, a safety-management approach and a contingency plan for such operations are developed. At the time of writing, this CO2 waterless fracturing methodology has been completed successfully more than 20 times. Surface Process Work Flow of CO2 Waterless Fracturing The basic process of a CO2 waterless fracturing operation is shown in Fig. 1. First, several CO2 storage tanks are connected in parallel. The booster, sealed blender, fracturing pump (all mounted on trunks), and wellhead equipment are connected. The measuring trunk communicates with each vehicle to monitor operation status. Proppant is put into the sealed blender, into which liquid CO2 is injected for pre-cooling. Pump testing is conducted on the high-pressure line and the wellhead and the low-pressure liquid supply line is pressure-tested. Operation does not proceed until pressure-testing results are positive. Afterward, liquid CO2 is injected into formations to fracture them and, moreover, extend created fractures. The sealed blender is enabled to inject prop-pants, and displacement begins after the end of proppant injection. Finally, a series of tasks, including well shut-in for soaking and flowback, is carried out successively.

Relocation to Activity-Based Workplaces (ABW)—Importance of the Implementation Process

Activity-based workplaces (ABW) have been implemented in many organizations to offer office flexibility and decrease facility costs. Evaluations of the ABW implementation process are rare. The study aimed to examine the ABW relocation process of two offices in a Swedish governmental agency and to explore factors that influence the implementation process and satisfaction with it. Qualitative or quantitative data were collected on process variables (context, recruitment, reach, dose delivered, dose received, satisfaction), barriers and facilitators to the process were explored in focus group interviews, and immediate outcomes (perceived knowledge, understanding office rules, satisfying information and support) were measured by questionnaire before and after the relocation. The evaluation showed that recruitment was unsatisfactory and reach insufficient—and participation in activities was thus low for both offices. However, intended changes improved. Unclear aims of ABW, lack of manager support and, lack of communication were some of the reported barriers to participation, while a well-planned process, work groups, and program activities were facilitators. Thus, to increase satisfaction with the relocation, our results suggest that recruitment should be thoroughly planned, taking these factors into account to increase participation. This knowledge may be useful for planning and designing successful ABW relocations and evaluations.

Comparison of Indonesian and Malaysian Legal Systems in Rules, Traditions, and Community Behavior

This article aims to compare the legal system in Indonesia with the legal system in Malaysia by looking at the similarities and differences between the two countries legal systems. In this paper, we use a normative juridical approach, which is to examine the laws and regulations as well as the attitudes and behavior patterns of citizens towards the law and legal system in force in a country based on secondary legal sources consisting of legislation and other related documents. The results of the discussion conclude that in general both Indonesia and Malaysia have similarities in terms of: (1) The structure of the highest judicial institution along with the judicial institutions below it as well as the implementing institutions of statutory regulations. (2) Regulations, rules and real behavior patterns in various fields of life of the citizens concerned. (3) Attitudes towards the law and the legal system of citizens are in the form of beliefs, values, awareness, ideas and hopes that make the legal process work. Meanwhile, specifically between Indonesia and Malaysia have differences due to: (1) Legal structures influenced by local or domestic and global legal traditions. (2) Legislative regulations whose formulation is influenced by local or domestic and global legal traditions. (3) The legal process runs according to the situation, conditions and problems faced by the country concerned.Keywords: Comparison of the legal system, the legal system in Indonesia, the legal system in Malaysia.

Estimation of Machining Sustainability Using Fuzzy Rule-Based System

Quantification of a highly qualitative term ‘sustainability’, especially from the perspective of manufacturing, is a contemporary issue. An inference mechanism, based on approximate reasoning, is required to tackle the complexities and uncertainties of the manufacturing domain. The work presents development of a fuzzy rule-based system to quantify sustainability of the most widely utilized manufacturing process: machining. The system incorporates the effects of key control parameters of machining on several sustainability measures, as reported in the literature. The measures are categorized under the three dimensions of sustainability and contribute to the sustainability scores of the respective dimensions with different weightages. The dimensions’ scores are added up in different proportions to obtain the holistic sustainability score of the process. The categories of the control parameters incorporated into the system include type of the process, work material, material hardness, tool substrate and coating, tool geometry, cutting fluids, and cutting parameters. The proposed method yields sustainability scores, ranging between 0 and 100 of machining processes against the given values of their prominent control parameters. Finally, the rule-based system is applied to three different machining processes to obtain the measures of their accomplishment levels regarding economic, environmental, and societal dimensions of sustainability. The sustainability score of each process is then obtained by summing up the three accomplishment levels under the respective weightages of the dimensions. The presented approach holds immense potentials of industrial application as it can conveniently indicate the current sustainability level of a manufacturing process, leading the practitioners to decide on its continuation or improvement.

Problems of Improving Working Capacity of the Operators at High-Tech Industries

Modern high-tech industry intensifies the production load on operators. The problem of maintaining a high level of working capacity and error-free work is growing. Earlier studies revealed that the work of operators in hermetically sealed rooms is characterized by the following: monotony, hypokinesia, lack of psychological and industrial contacts, static muscle tension, as well as a lot of frequently repeated small movements caused by the fact that the technical system is controlled indirectly — through the remote control. The operator is affected by the factors of a closed production environment (microclimate) and the labor process (work and rest mode, long working shifts), which together form a general status called fatigue. The main factor that causes fatigue is the integral extensive intensity of the activity. The dynamics of physiological processes characterizing fatigue and the possibility of erroneous actions were evaluated. It is established that low-intensity factors, which form the working conditions of operators of high-tech industrial complexes, provoke persistent fatigue, a decrease in the functional reserves of the body, the development and aggravation of professionally caused diseases. The degree of fatigue was assessed by the indicators of the latent time of sensorimotor reactions, the stability of attention and the error of actions. The obtained data confirm the need in developing effective ways and means of maintaining working capacity. In particular, the regulated breaks and pauses filled with the specially developed schemes of isometric exercises, should be introduced (according to a special schedule) into the work and rest mode with a 12-hour schedule. The study substantiates the need for further making recommendations on the development of preventive measures to optimize the working conditions of the operators in high-tech industries.