New Mexico and the Central Great Plains in the Civil War

2021 ◽  
pp. 168-186
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Military Force ◽  
White Americans ◽  
American Empire ◽  
American States ◽  
Political Clout ◽  
New Mexico Territory

This chapter investigates campaigns of the American Civil War in New Mexico Territory and the Great Plains. It contends that the U.S. federal government fought a multifront war during the 1860s that spanned the Confederate South and the American states and territories of the Far West. The war in the Far West aimed to establish U.S. territorial sovereignty and political authority over the nation’s vast North American empire. Across the 1860s, federal officials sought to defend the West against Confederate invaders, compel Native Americans to submit to U.S. rule, force Spanish Mexican citizens to give up systems of Indian slavery and peonage, and rein in rogue White Americans living in federal territories. Federal officials, however, often lacked the political clout or military force to achieve these goals. The Civil War in the Far West reveals the unevenness and weakness of the American state in the mid-nineteenth century.

scholarly journals CIVIL WAR IN RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KALUGA PROVINCE)

2020 ◽  
pp. 126-137
Author(s):  
Ирина Борисовна Белова
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
European Part ◽  
Military Force ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
European Part Of Russia

Статья посвящена общественно-политической и социально-экономической ситуации в период Гражданской войны (1917-1922 гг.) в Калужской губернии, одной из центральных губерний Европейской России, находившейся вне театра военных действий. Автором освещён сложный процесс прихода к власти большевиков, который завершился только под угрозой применения ими вооруженной силы против защитников прежней власти. В статье показаны формы сопротивления населения большевистской политике «военного коммунизма», способы реагирования власти на сопротивление, конец и итоги этой политики. Автор отмечает, что катастрофическая ситуация с продовольственным снабжением в губернии способствовала стихийному бегству коренного и беженского населения в производящие юго-восточные регионы и за Урал. The article deals with the sociopolitical and socioeconomic situation in Kaluga province which was one of the central provinces in European part of Russia outside the theatre of operations during the Civil war (1917-1922).The author highlights the complex process of Bolsheviks installation which was completed only after they threatened to use military force against the defenders of the former regime. The article covers the forms in which the population of the province resisted the Bolshevik policy of «military communism», the ways the authorities reacted to the resistance and the outcome of this policy. The author points out that the catastrophic situation with food supply contributed to chaotic exodus of the natives and the refugees to the producing south-east regions and behind the Urals.

Making Armenians Lebanese: The 1957 Election and the Ensuing 1958 Conflict

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-195
Author(s):  
Tsolin Nalbantian
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political System ◽  
Spatial Effect ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Party Affiliation ◽  
Relative Contrast ◽  
Fault Lines ◽  
The Right ◽  
Political Party Affiliation

Chapter 4 investigates Armenians’ stance in the 1957 elections and in the ‘general’ Lebanese and the intra-Armenian mini-civil war of 1958. Armenian parties participated in, and contributed to, political tensions in Lebanon. Simultaneously, they used their position in the Lebanese political system to jostle for power within their own community – a development that turned violent and ended only in December 1958, almost two months after the Lebanese mini-civil war had ended. This tension and violent confrontation between Armenian parties and their armed men had a crucial spatial effect: it unprecedentedly territorialized certain neighborhoods of Beirut. Whereas parts of Lebanon were organized by sects and classes, by relative contrast, it was according to political party affiliation that in 1957/1958 many Armenians of Mar Mikael, Sin el Fil, Bourj Hamoud, and Corniche el-Nahr were re-sorted and relocated, often by force. Lebanese Armenians aligned along the right-left fault lines that divided Lebanese politics and society— more than other confessions, indeed. Vice versa, the Lebanese state was Armenianized, as it were, in that it started to pay more attention to Armenian matters than before, intervening directly and by military force in Armenian neighborhoods in order to finally end the internecine Armenian confrontation.

Look Away! Dixie’s Landed!

2018 ◽  
pp. 123-154
Author(s):  
Nina Silber
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Civil Rights Movement ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Lost Cause ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Gone With The Wind ◽  
White Southerners ◽  
Civil War Era ◽  
The New Deal

The pro-Confederate Lost Cause memory of the Civil War continued to have considerable staying power during the 1930s, seen most notably in the popularity of the book and film versions of Gone With the Wind. At the same time, the Lost Cause was adapted to fit the sensibilities of this era. Many white Americans, for example, were drawn to the suffering of Civil War era white southerners in light of the economic trials of the 30s. Conservatives also doubled-down on the Lost Cause narrative as they pushed back against aspects of the New Deal agenda, as well as a reawakened civil rights movement and anti-lynching campaign. Finally, conservatives adapted the Lost Cause story to target Northern radicals and communists as the same kind of agitators who punished white southerners during Reconstruction. Black activists and communists tried to expose the racist and unpatriotic underpinnings of the Lost Cause but often fell short.

The Book of Mormon

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Perry Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
William Apess ◽  
New Jerusalem ◽  
Early American ◽  
Book Of Mormon ◽  
The Future

This chapter examines the Book of Mormon's racial theology of “white universalism.” It explores the supposed pre-Columbian history that the Book of Mormon contains, notably the origins of Native Americans as a remnant of Israelites called the “Lamanites.” It also explores the future that the Book of Mormon prophesies in which the Lamanites unify with believing “Gentiles” to become one “white and a delightsome” people and together build a New Jerusalem in America before Christ’s return. The chapter also includes an examination of the Book of Mormon prophet, “Samuel, the Lamanite.” Samuel’s case, along with other marginalized early American religious leaders like William Apess and Jerana Lee, shows that non-white Americans have a “privileged sight” onto America and America’s religious communities that fail to live up to their own ideals of inclusion and equality. The views of marginalized figures are thus essential for an accurate accounting of America’s past.

Intolerance toward Native American Religions

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
John Corrigan ◽  
Lynn S. Neal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
North America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Native American Religions

Settler colonialism was imbued with intolerance towards Indigenous peoples. In colonial North America brutal military force was applied to the subjection and conversion of Native Americans to Christianity. In the United States, that offense continued, joined with condemnations of Indian religious practice as savagery, or as no religion at all. The violence was legitimated by appeals to Christian scripture in which genocide was commanded by God. Forced conversion to Christianity and the outlawing of Native religious practices were central aspects of white intolerance.

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