Jean-Paul Sartre

2018 ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Anthony Hatzimoysis
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Behavioral Patterns ◽  
Therapeutic Method ◽  
Reflective Awareness ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Phenomenological Conception ◽  
Existential Psychoanalysis

Sartre articulated a phenomenological conception the “human being-in-situation,” which forms the ontological background of a therapeutic method that he called “existential psychoanalysis.” The overall principle of existential psychoanalysis is that each agent is a totality and not a collection, and thus she expresses herself even in the most insignificant or superficial of her behaviors; its goal is to decode and interpret the behavioral patterns, so as to articulate them conceptually; its point of departure is the pre-reflective awareness of lived experience; and its overall goal is to reach not some past psychic complex, but the choice that renders meaningful how one lives—so that the analysand achieves authenticity, owning up to the projects through which she, as a situated freedom, is making herself into the person she is.

The Son of Man in the Vision of Daniel

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Peter Schäfer
Keyword(s):  
Second Temple ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Second Temple Period ◽  
Rabbinic Judaism ◽  
Son Of Man ◽  
Book Of Daniel ◽  
The One ◽  
Point Of Departure

This chapter is devoted to the continuation of the Son of Man tradition in rabbinic Judaism. It explains how the Son of Man is virtually irrelevant among the rabbis of Palestine, in contrast to the Second Temple period. The point of departure of all binitarian speculations in Judaism is the enigmatic “Son of Man” in the biblical Book of Daniel. This book consists of various parts that were written at different times. It is certain that its final editing took place during the Maccabean period, which is in the first half of the second century BCE. The chapter also discusses who exactly is the Ancient One, who is the “one like a human being,” and who are the holy ones of the Most High.

Moral Theory and Divine Justice

2017 ◽  
pp. 87-127
Author(s):  
Hussein Ali Abdulsater
Keyword(s):  
Religious Experience ◽  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Divine Sovereignty ◽  
Divine Justice ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Autonomy ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Point Of Departure

This chapter investigates the position of human beings in this theological system. Its point of departure is a definition of the human being, from which it develops an understanding of human agency in relation to God and the world. Divine assistance (luṭf) is highlighted as the bridge between human autonomy and divine sovereignty. Following is an elaborate description of religious experience: its origins, justification, relevant parties, responsibilities and characteristics. The concept of moral obligation (taklīf) is shown to be the cornerstone of Murtaḍā’s theory on religion. The chapter is divided into three sub-headings: The Human Being; Justification of Moral Obligation; Characteristics of Moral Obligation.

Too Shame to Look:1 Learning to Trust Mirrors and Healing the Lived Experience of Shame in Alice Walker's The Color Purple

Hypatia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-536
Author(s):  
Kimberly S. Love
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
The Third ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
The Color Purple ◽  
The World ◽  
Reagan Era ◽  
Color Purple ◽  
Aesthetic Structure ◽  
Three Phases

This article investigates the role of shame in shaping the epistolary form and aesthetic structure of Alice Walker's The Color Purple. I argue that the epistolary framing presents a crisis in the development of Celie's shamed self‐consciousness. To explain the connection between shame and Celie's self‐consciousness, I build on Jean Paul Sartre's theory of existentialism and explore three phases of Celie's evolution as it is represented in three phrases that I identify as significant transitions in the text: “I am,” “But I'm here,” and “It mine.” The first section examines how shame fractures Celie's self‐consciousness; the second focuses on how Celie positions and locates herself in the world; and the third explains how Celie mobilizes shame by connecting her self‐consciousness to a past that is shameful but also generative. I conclude by considering the novel's emergence in the Cosby/Reagan era in order to illuminate the mutual constitution of black familial pride and black racial shame.

Anthropocentrism revisited

1997 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Contemporary Archaeology ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Point Of Departure ◽  
Time Existence ◽  
Time Culture

Before developing my comments on the Heidegger theme I would like to express my admiration for the project Julian Thomas presents in Time, culture and identity. With his point of departure in Heidegger's early reasonings, Thomas is underway on the important path of a deconstruction of the Cartesian/modern dichotomies between past-present, mind-body, nature-culture and subject-object that dominates contemporary archaeology. In short, Thomas points towards an approach, where the connection between experience-time-existence and the crucial relationship and interdependence between human being and other beings (things/artefacts), provides a powerful alternative to the traditional approaches towards these dichotomies. This alternative partly situates itself between idealism and empiricism, between subjectivism and objectivism. Thomas' project also contributes to the deconstruction of the exaggerated modern/postmodern combat that in some ways seems to have led the theoretical discourse within archaeology to a dead-end. Therefore I can only agree with the main orientation of Thomas' reasonings put forward both in his book, and in his précis of Time, culture and identity, presented in Archaeological dialogues 3.1 (Thomas 1996).

scholarly journals Gościnność niejednoznaczna. Analiza wybranych przypadków na przykładzie powieści Lalka i filmu Green Book

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-148
Author(s):  
Paweł Ćwikła
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Interactionism ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Sociology Of Art ◽  
Green Book ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Point Of Departure

The subject of this article falls within the sociology of art. By analyzing selected aspects of a novel (Bolesław Prus’s The Doll) and a film (the Oscar-winning Green Book directed by Peter Farrelly), the author raises the problem of what he calls “ambiguous hospitality.” His point of departure and theoretical basis are George Ritzer’s concept of “inhospitality” and Jacques Derrida’s idea of “hostipitality.”The author treats each artistic depiction of reality as a source of situations to be read in light of elements of Erving Goffman’s reflections. He uses the ideas of symbolic interactionism, the interactive ritual, and the metaphor of the performance as tools for interpreting a film or literary situation that illustrates cultural attitudes and practices. In conclusion, he states that hosting someone could result from something other than a sincere desire to react to another human being in a friendly manner. However, this does necessarily undermine the sincerity of openness toward strangers. Realization of the maxim to “have dignity and respect others,” even if enforced by social sanction, can be a way to maintain or build relationships between those who are “one’s own” and “other,” “one’s own” and “strangers,” and finally, between a guest and host.

Three Phrases of History

boundary 2 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-151
Author(s):  
Stathis Gourgouris
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Nature And Culture ◽  
Political Project ◽  
Point Of Departure

This essay takes as point of departure three phrases by Marx, Heidegger, and Benjamin in order to restage Aristotle’s notion of zōon politikon as a way of rethinking humanism as a radical political project for our times. At the same time, it reconfigures ontological questions of human-being through a consideration of human animality beyond the traditional divide between nature and culture.

REHABILITATING THE POLITICIAN ON A NEGLECTED GENRE IN POLITICAL THEORIZING

2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
KARI PALONEN
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Change ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Point Of Departure

The relatively rare defences of politicians, responding to commonplace denounciations, form a neglected genre of political theorizing. Max Weber's famous ‘Politik als Beruf’ (1919) serves here as a point of departure for the analysis of the examples of Louis Barthou, F.C. Oliver, J.D.B. Miller and Jean-Paul Sartre. The rehabilitation signifies a conceptual change through rhetorical redescription, as suggested by Quentin Skinner.

De verbinding van religie en spel

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-302
Author(s):  
Joop Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
Scholarly Literature ◽  
Point Of Departure

In scholarly literature, religion and play are connected in various ways: they are equalised to each other and subjected to each other in opposite and contrary senses. This article aims to bring more clarity about which connections and comparisons of religion and play are possible and plausible and which are not. The point of departure is that religion and play are forms of expression of a human being’s relation to reality. This relation is viewed as transcendental in two senses: a relation in and through which reality transcends the human being and the human being transcends reality. Religion and play express this, religion as the first form of transcendence, play as the second. It is concluded that religion and play can be connected as different expressions of different forms of transcendence.

"SEEING THROUGH" SELF-DECEPTION IN NARRATIVE REPORTS: FINDING PSYCHOLOGICAL TRUTH IN PROBLEMATIC DATA

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Churchill
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Narrative Research ◽  
Verbal Report ◽  
Jean Paul ◽  
Report Data ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
Psychological Truth ◽  
Sexual Compliance

AbstractThe problem of narrative validity is discussed in reference to psychologists' criticisms of verbal report data and in dialogue with Jean-Paul Sartre's understanding of self-knowledge in general and of self-deception in particular. Sartre's notion of "purifying reflection" is invoked as a way of seeing through the distortions and deceptions inherent in narrative accounts of lived experience. Excerpts from empirically-based phenomenological investigations of desire and sexual compliance will be used as illustrations of both the content and process of phenomenologically-based narrative research.

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