scholarly journals Internet research ethics

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles M. Ess
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Problem ◽  
Internet Research ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Machine Interaction ◽  
Internet Research Ethics

This article discusses Internet research ethics, which promises to become an ever-more robust and significant field within information ethics, on the one hand, and research ethics more broadly, on the other. As new venues emerge for human–human and human–machine interaction, it seems certain that new ethical conundrums will emerge. But the overall history of Internet research ethics includes at least some convergence on key values and rights, while at the same time preserving important local differences with regard to approaches to ethical decision making and implementation of basic rights and principles – even across East–West divides. This trajectory suggests not the certainty of finding resolutions to every ethical problem that comes along, but rather the sense of finding such resolutions in the face of new difficulties, with sufficient frequency and success to encourage further efforts to do so.

scholarly journals RESEARCH ETHICS PRACTICES IN A CHANGING SOCIAL MEDIA LANDSCAPE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina E. Kinder-Kurlanda ◽  
Katrin Weller
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Research Ethics ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Internet Research ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
The Social ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Internet Research Ethics

In our work we study practical approaches to internet research ethics with a logitudinal perspective. We have interviewed more than 40 social media researchers in 2013-2014 using a semi-structured qualitative interview approach. From these interviews we gained insights into the challenges of everyday research practices at the various stages of the research process, as well as into motivations for specific approaches and critical reflections on research design and decision making, particularly concerning research ethics. At the end of 2019 we started re-interviewing the participants in our study and will continue to do so over the next months. In addition to questions about the details of everyday data work and the rationales behind (ethical) decision making, we are asking participants what has changed in the way they conduct research with social media. Based on our interviews as well as the ongoing discussions of Internet Research Ethics in the community, this paper focuses on the ethical dimensions of social media research practices and how they have evolved over the past years. Between our two interview periods, the social media landscape has witnessed several changes, including incidents like the "Cambridge Analytica scandal", which have also created ethical discussions in the broader public. By asking researchers about their everyday work, our research contributes to a look behind the scenes of "life as an internet researcher", as phrased in the list of topics in the call for papers.

Theremin in the Press: Instrument remediation and code-instrument transduction

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-269
Author(s):  
Jaime E. Oliver La Rosa
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Media Theory ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
The Press ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
Machine Interaction

This article shows how the theremin as a new musical medium enacted a double logic throughout its century-old techno-cultural life. On the one hand, in an attempt to be a ‘better’ instrument, the theremin imitated or remediated traditional musical instruments and in this way affirmed the musical values these instruments materialised; simultaneously, by being a new and different medium, with unprecedented flexibility for designing sound and human–machine interaction, it eroded and challenged these same values and gradually enacted change. On the other hand, the theremin inadvertently inaugurated a practice of musical instrument circulation using electronics schematics that allowed for the instrument’s reproduction, starting with the publication of schematics and tutorials in amateur electronics magazines and which can be seen as a predecessor to today’s circulation of open source code. This circulation practice, which I call instrument-code transduction, emerged from and was amplified by the fame the theremin obtained using its touchless interface to imitate or remediate traditional musical instruments, and in turn, this circulation practice has kept the instrument alive throughout the decades. Thus remediation and code-instrument transduction are not just mutually dependent, but are in fact, two interdependent processes of the same media phenomenon. Drawing from early reactions to the theremin documented in the press, from new media theory, and from publications in amateur electronics, this article attempts to use episodes from the history of the theremin to understand the early and profound changes that electric technologies brought to the concept of musical instruments at large.

scholarly journals Recognition of a Face in a Mixed Document

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 301
Author(s):  
Lhoussaine Bouhou ◽  
Rachid El Ayachi ◽  
Mohamed Fakir ◽  
Mohamed Oukessou
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Input Image ◽  
Human Face ◽  
K Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Face ◽  
The One ◽  
Classification Tool ◽  
Machine Interaction

Face recognition is the field of great interest in the domaine of research for several applications such as biometry identification, surveillance, and human-machine interaction…This paper exposes a system of face recognition. This system exploits an image document text embedding a color human face image. Initially, the system, in its phase of extraction, exploitis the horizontal and vertical histogram of the document, detects the image which contains the human face. The second task of the system consists of detecting the included face in other to determine, with the help of invariants moments, the characteristics of the face. The third and last task of the system is to determine, via the same invariants moments, the characteristics of each face stored in a database in order to compare them by means of a classification tool (Neural Networks and K nearest neighbors) with the one determined in the second task for the purpose of taking the decision of identification in that database, of the most similar face to the one detected in the input image.

Thermal Human Face Recognition for Biometric Security System

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayan Seal ◽  
Debotosh Bhattacharjee ◽  
Mita Nasipuri ◽  
Dipak Kumar Basu
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Thermal Infrared ◽  
Infrared Images ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
Human Face Recognition ◽  
Face Images ◽  
Thermal Infrared Images ◽  
The Face ◽  
Intensity Images ◽  
Machine Interaction

Automatic face recognition has been comprehensively studied for more than four decades, since face recognition of individuals has many applications, particularly in human-machine interaction and security. Although face recognition systems have achieved a significant level of maturity with some realistic achievement, face recognition still remains a challenging problem due to large variation in face images. Face recognition techniques can be generally divided into three categories based on the face image acquisition methodology: methods that work on intensity images, those that deal with video sequences, and those that require other sensory (like 3D sensory or infra-red imagery) data. Researchers are using thermal infrared images for face recognition. Since thermal infrared images have some advantages over 2D images. In this chapter, an overview of some of the well-known techniques of face recognition using thermal infrared faces are discussed, and some of the drawbacks and benefits of each of these methods mentioned therein are discussed. This chapter talks about some of the most recent algorithms developed for this purpose, and tries to give a brief idea of the state of the art of face recognition technology. The authors propose one approach for evaluating the performance of face recognition algorithms using thermal infrared images. They also note the results of several classifiers on a benchmark dataset (Terravic Facial Infrared Database).

AF 447 as a Paradigmatic Accident

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Antonio Chialastri
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Human Factors ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Human Machine Interaction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Machine Interaction

In this chapter, the author presents a human factors problem for automation: why, when, and how automation has been introduced in the aviation domain; what problems arise from different ways of operating; and the possible countermeasures to limit faulty interaction between humans and machines. This chapter is divided into parts: definition of automation, its advantages in ensuring safety in complex systems such as aviation; reasons for the introduction of on-board automation, with a quick glance at the history of accidents in aviation and the related safety paradigms; ergonomics: displays, tools, human-machine interaction emphasizing the cognitive demands in high tempo and complex flight situations; illustration of the AF 447 case, a crash happened in 2009, which causes are linked to faulty human-machine interaction.

scholarly journals Internet Research Ethics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dag Elgesem ◽  
Charles Ess ◽  
Anders Olof Larsson ◽  
Marika Lüders ◽  
Robindra Prabhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Internet Research ◽  
Internet Research Ethics

scholarly journals Atypical case of mucous membrane pemphigoid in a 26-year-old man

2018 ◽  
pp. bcr-2018-225872
Author(s):  
Deepak Sambhara ◽  
Ji Hyae Lee ◽  
Seth M Pantanelli
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Mucous Membrane Pemphigoid ◽  
Epithelial Basement Membrane ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

A 26-year-old Caucasian man with no previous history of chemical injury presenting with an inability to open his right eye was investigated for mucous membrane pemphigoid and treated. Examination was notable for symblepharon of the right eye and impetigo-like lesions on the face and neck. A biopsy with immunohistochemical analysis was significant for linear deposits of C3 and immunoglobulin G at the level of the epithelial basement membrane, confirming the diagnosis of mucous membrane pemphigoid. Although mucous membrane pemphigoid classically presents bilaterally in women in the sixth and seventh decades of life, our patient was a young man with unilateral cicatrising conjunctivitis who may have been easily misdiagnosed without a high index of suspicion. A biopsy is required in cases of cicatrising conjunctivitis so that even atypical cases such as the one presented herein can be appropriately managed.

scholarly journals Reflections on internet research ethics from language-focused research on web-based mourning: revisiting the private/public distinction as a language ideology of differentiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Korina Giaxoglou
Keyword(s):  
Research Ethics ◽  
Language Ideology ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Internet Research ◽  
Critical Study ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Web Based ◽  
James Wright ◽  
Key Aspects

AbstractThe present article addresses ethical issues and tensions that have arisen in the context of language-focused research on web-based mourning. It renders explicit the process of ethical decision-making in research practice, illustrating key aspects of a process approach to research ethics, which calls for reflection on ethical issues as an integral and dynamic part of the project (Markham and Buchanan 2015. Ethical considerations in digital research contexts. In James Wright (ed.) Encyclopedia for Social & Behavioral Sciences. Elsevier Press. 606–613; Page et al. 2014. Researching Language and Social Media: A student guide. Oxon: Routledge). In addition, the article draws attention to some vexing ethical tensions raised in research practice and, in particular, to the uses of the terms private and public in research ethics frameworks and in discipline-specific discussions. Based on Gal’s (2005. Language ideologies compared: metaphors of public/private. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology 15 (1): 23–38) semiotic investigation of the private/public opposition, it is shown how the two categories are used as a language ideology of differentiation that discursively contrasts spaces and forms of emotional communication. It is argued that such metaphorical uses of the terms limit their currency in internet research on language, mourning, and death online, which tends to feature the construction and staging of a public self in semi-public contexts. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the issues raised in language-focused research on web-based mourning for research ethics as method (Markham 2004. Method as ethic, ethic as method. Journal of Information Ethics 15 (2): 37–55) and calls for the critical study of the key concepts that underlie research ethics stances as a key step in rethinking – or ‘undoing’ – ethics (Whiteman 2012. Undoing Ethics: Rethinking Practice in Online Research. London: Springer).

Legacies of Slavery in North-West Uganda: The Story of the ‘one-Elevens’

Africa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Leopold
Keyword(s):  
Northern Uganda ◽  
East African ◽  
Southern Sudan ◽  
North West ◽  
The Core ◽  
The North ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One

AbstractThis article outlines the history of a people known as ‘Nubi’ or ‘Nubians’, northern Ugandan Muslims who were closely associated with Idi Amin's rule, and a group to which he himself belonged. They were supposed to be the descendants of former slave soldiers from southern Sudan, who in the late 1880s at the time of the Mahdi's Islamic uprising came into what is now Uganda under the command of a German officer named Emin Pasha. In reality, the identity became an elective one, open to Muslim males from the northern Uganda/southern Sudan borderlands, as well as descendants of the original soldiers. These soldiers, taken on by Frederick Lugard of the Imperial British East Africa Company, formed the core of the forces used to carve out much of Britain's East African Empire. From the days of Emin Pasha to those of Idi Amin, some Nubi men were identified by a marking of three vertical lines on the face – the ‘One-Elevens’. Although since Amin's overthrow many Muslims from the north of the country prefer to identify themselves as members of local Ugandan ethnic groups rather than as ‘Nubis’, aspects of Nubi identity live on among Ugandan rebel groups, as well as in cyberspace.

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