Methods and Techniques

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Musical Skills ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Electronic Instrumentation ◽  
Theoretical Thinking ◽  
Action Methods

Methods and techniques in music therapy are distinct from approaches and models which provide theoretical principles to guide action. Methods and techniques are music-based ways in which the service user or client is engaged musically. The techniques used are based on improvisational, compositional, and music listening opportunities that music therapists engage with clients. Music therapists can use music-based techniques with any combination of acoustic, electric, or electronic instrumentation, and the use of vocalization or singing is also offered. Anyone with musical skills can play music for another person; a person who is tired, in pain, or has a chronic illness or disability. Music therapy is distinguished from other ways of using music to support people in health care by both the training of the clinician, and the use of theoretical thinking to guide the use of techniques and principles in making helpful, effective, and evidence-based responses to needs.

Collaborating

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Twyford
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Education Services ◽  
Team Success ◽  
Successful Outcomes

Effective teamworking is increasingly considered vital for successful outcomes for clients, professionals, and advancement of the profession of music therapy. However, while many benefits may be realized, teamworking does not come without its challenges. Team success requires tasks which are clearly defined and motivating overall in addition to synthesis and integration of skills and knowledge to stimulate team members. Additionally, effective teamworking requires an awareness of the diverse purposes required for different forms of integrated working. This chapter evaluates and discusses the ways in which music therapists can be effective as team members in health care and education services.

Music-Based Interventions with Informal Caregivers of Adult Care Recipients: An Integrative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Lindsey Wilhelm ◽  
Kyle Wilhelm
Keyword(s):  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Adult Care ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Care Recipients

Music therapists work with individuals with a wide variety of diagnoses, but minimal attention has been paid to informal caregivers caring for adults with these diagnoses.  While some evidence for the use of music-based interventions (MBIs) has been presented in primary sources, a synthesis of current literature is needed to inform evidence-based practice.  The purpose of this study was to identify what MBIs have been used with informal caregivers, the effects of these interventions, whether the interventions adequately fulfill the personal needs of caregivers as identified in previous literature, and the quality of MBI reporting.  Ten studies met the predetermined criteria.  Singing and music listening were the most frequently used interventions.  Benefits for caregivers include self- and relationship-focused outcomes.  The type of benefit (self- or relationship-focused) appears to be related to the participant unit of delivery of the MBI. Future research is necessary to replicate the outcomes of MBIs for informal caregivers reported in this review, and there is a need for increased transparency in reporting.Keywords: family caregivers, informal caregivers, music, music-based intervention

scholarly journals What music therapy methods and techniques are likely to be the most appropriate for children working within a Conductive Education programme, and why?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Creative Music ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
The Moment

<p><b>AbstractThe purpose of this research project is to explore the information available about the use of music therapy methods and techniques when working with children (0-6) who have physical disabilities, particularly in a Conductive Education setting. This is qualitative exploratory theoretical research. The data analysis strategy used is triangulation, which involves three sources of data. Thematic analysis of data was of nine pieces of literature, eight video transcriptions, and three meeting notes and three clinical supervision notes. From the analysis, four core themes were generated: 1) familiar songs, 2) following children, 3) repeated musical structure, 4) and musical cueing. Within the core themes, two music therapy methods, improvisation and re-creation, and many music therapy techniques overlap and interweave.</b></p> <p>Findings show a development of theory for this population that music therapists can naturally use improvisation and re-creative music therapy methods. They can use familiar songs, designing structured and repeated interactions in the music activities, following children in the moment to respond to them musically, and using musical elements to provide cueing and support. The four core themes identified in this research indicate the areas which can help children to participate in activities and improve their motor skills.</p>

scholarly journals Is the Movement of Evidence-based Practice a Real Threat to Music Therapy?

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masako Otera
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Empirically Supported ◽  
Standardized Treatment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Based Medicine

The author discusses what music therapists must work on to establish Evidence-based practice (EBP) in music therapy by referring to Saito's discussion of the misunderstandings and various interpretations of Evidence-based medicine (EBM), the issue of Empirically Supported Treatments (ESTs) in EBP in psychology (EBPP), and related discussions. Although the EBP movement tends to be recognized as a threat to music therapy, some recent discussions of EBM and EBP are encouraging for the development of EBP in music therapy. This paper shows that an integration of evidence of multiple types with clinical expertise and the individual needs in clients has become a consensus of EBP. However, the issues related to conducting Randomized controlled Trials (RCTs) and employment of standardized treatment protocols in music therapy have persisted as difficult problems. Because the issue of EBP is very complex and easily biased, effective learning of this issue should be promoted among music therapists so that they can successfully relate to the EBP movement and bring benefits to the field of music therapy. The author suggests that incorporating the ideas of EBP positively into the field of music therapy and constructing methodologies and theories will enhance EBP.

scholarly journals Music Therapy Interventions for Stress Reduction in Adults With Mild Intellectual Disabilities: Perspectives From Clinical Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina de Witte ◽  
Esther Lindelauf ◽  
Xavier Moonen ◽  
Geert-Jan Stams ◽  
Susan van Hooren
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Therapeutic Goals ◽  
Therapy Goals ◽  
Therapy Interventions

Stress is increasingly being recognized as one of the main factors that is negatively affecting our health, and therefore there is a need to regulate daily stress and prevent long-term stress. This need seems particularly important for adults with mild intellectual disabilities (MID) who have been shown to have more difficulties coping with stress than adults without intellectual disabilities. Hence, the development of music therapy interventions for stress reduction, particularly within populations where needs may be greater, is becoming increasingly important. In order to gain more insight into the practice-based knowledge on how music therapists lower stress levels of their patients with MID during music therapy sessions, we conducted focus group interviews with music therapists working with adults with MID (N = 13) from different countries and clinical institutions in Europe. Results provide an overview of the most-used interventions for stress reduction within and outside of music. Data-analysis resulted in the further specification of therapeutic goals, intervention techniques, the use of musical instruments, and related therapeutic change factors. The main findings indicate that music therapists used little to no receptive (e.g., music listening) interventions for stress reduction, but preferred to use active interventions, which were mainly based on musical improvisation. Results show that three therapy goals for stress relief could be distinguished. The goal of “synchronizing” can be seen as a sub goal because it often precedes working on the other two goals of “tension release” or “direct relaxation,” which can also be seen as two ways of reaching stress reduction in adults with MID through music therapy interventions. Furthermore, the tempo and the dynamics of the music are considered as the most important musical components to reduce stress in adults with MID. Practical implications for stress-reducing music therapy interventions for adults with MID are discussed as well as recommendations for future research.

Using Music Therapy-Based Songwriting to Support Bereaved Students

2017 ◽  
pp. 167-181
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Dalton ◽  
Robert E. Krout
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Grief Process ◽  
Process Scale

This chapter focuses on therapeutic songwriting approaches and techniques for supporting bereaved students. Music therapy-based songwriting offers grieving students a myriad of opportunities to validate, identify, normalize, and express thoughts and emotions, as well as to understand, feel, remember, integrate, and grow. An overview of the “VINE principle” (validation, identification, normalization, and expression of feelings and emotions) is provided as a useful way to support healthy grieving. The Grief Process Scale is an evidence-based measure of five grief process areas (understanding, feeling, remembering, integrating, and growing) and has been used in music therapy to document changes in core behaviors, thoughts and feelings regarding a child’s loved one, and how the child is coping since the death. Recommendations for those leading music interventions are included, as well as song resources and tips for non-music therapists.

Using the Evidence Based Medicine Framework to Support Music Therapy Posts in Healthcare Settings

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Medical Settings ◽  
The Past ◽  
Healthcare Settings ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Based Medicine

The Evidence Based Medicine (EBM)1 framework has been incorporated into the field of healthcare practice over the past decade. Whatever our stance as to its benefits and disadvantages, more and more music therapists in health departments and related clinical posts will be asked to account for their work using this approach to the documentation of clinical effectiveness. It is important that music therapists working within clinical service guidelines understand the framework of EBM and are aware of ways in which they can include its precepts in their justifications for practice and posts. The levels of evidence in an EBM approach are presented and discussed and the issues particular to the application of music therapy research findings are explored. Given the author's experience in paediatric medical settings, some of the examples in this paper will refer to the children's hospital context in particular.

scholarly journals What music therapy methods and techniques are likely to be the most appropriate for children working within a Conductive Education programme, and why?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Education Programme ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Musical Structure ◽  
Music Therapists ◽  
Creative Music ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
The Moment

<p><b>AbstractThe purpose of this research project is to explore the information available about the use of music therapy methods and techniques when working with children (0-6) who have physical disabilities, particularly in a Conductive Education setting. This is qualitative exploratory theoretical research. The data analysis strategy used is triangulation, which involves three sources of data. Thematic analysis of data was of nine pieces of literature, eight video transcriptions, and three meeting notes and three clinical supervision notes. From the analysis, four core themes were generated: 1) familiar songs, 2) following children, 3) repeated musical structure, 4) and musical cueing. Within the core themes, two music therapy methods, improvisation and re-creation, and many music therapy techniques overlap and interweave.</b></p> <p>Findings show a development of theory for this population that music therapists can naturally use improvisation and re-creative music therapy methods. They can use familiar songs, designing structured and repeated interactions in the music activities, following children in the moment to respond to them musically, and using musical elements to provide cueing and support. The four core themes identified in this research indicate the areas which can help children to participate in activities and improve their motor skills.</p>

scholarly journals Music therapy for preterm infants and their parents: A path forward for research in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-150
Author(s):  
Łucja Bieleninik ◽  
Claire M. Ghetti
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Neonatal Health ◽  
Music Therapists

Music therapy has been internationally recognized as a health-promoting profession since the end of World War II, and music therapists have been conducting research in neonatal intensive care since the 1990s. Music therapy professional training was established in Poland in 1973 at the Music Academy in Wrocław, and Polish music therapists have recently begun to seek specialization to work within neonatal intensive care. The commencement of the multi-site international randomized controlled trial LongSTEP, Longitudinal Study of music Therapy’s Effectiveness for Premature infants and their caregivers, has provided the impetus for Polish music therapists to begin offering music therapy services in neonatal intensive care. Thus, engagement in research marks the critical first step in the development of music therapy in neonatal care in Poland. This perspective article examines the current state of experimental research on music therapy in neonatal care and explores its implications for future research in Poland by (1) presenting the clinical aspects of prematurity; (2) summarizing experimental research on music therapy in neonatal intensive care; (3) identifying gaps in the related evidence base; (4) discussing recent developments in international music therapy research; (5) contextualizing music therapy in the Polish neonatal health care system; (6) presenting advanced training in neonatal music therapy, and (7) discussing how culturally relevant aspects of neonatal settings in Poland might impact future research. There is preliminary evidence that music therapy plays a beneficial role for preterm infants and their primary caregivers during the neonatal period; however, research examining long-term impacts and longer-term intervention is needed. Researchers in Poland are poised to make a significant contribution to the international evidence base related to music therapy in neonatal care, and further exploration of particular facets of the Polish neonatal health care system that will impact the delivery of music therapy is warranted.

Music Therapy Research in the NICU: An Updated Meta-Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayne Standley
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Medical Benefits ◽  
Postmenstrual Age

Purpose: To provide an overview of developmental and medical benefits of music therapy for preterm infants.Design: Meta-analysis.Sample: Empirical music studies with preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Main Outcome: Evidence-based NICU music therapy (NICU-MT) was highly beneficial with an overall large significant effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.82). Effects because of music were consistently in a positive direction.Results: Results of the current analysis replicated findings of a prior meta-analysis and included extended use of music.1 Benefits were greatest for live music therapy (MT) and for use early in the infant’s NICU stay (birth weight <1,000 g, birth postmenstrual age <28 weeks). Results justify strong consideration for the inclusion of the following evidence-based NICU-MT protocols in best practice standards for NICU treatment of preterm infants: music listening for pacification, music reinforcement of sucking, and music pacification as the basis for multilayered, multimodal stimulation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document