The Science of Destruction

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Werrett
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Authority ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Explosive Chemicals

This chapter surveys the evolution of chemical and mechanical weapons used by terrorists between the late eighteenth and early twentieth centuries, ranging from the diabolical contraptions of “infernal machines” to dynamite, the terrorist’s favorite explosive, invented by Alfred Nobel in the 1860s. The chapter also explores the ingenuity of terror. While anarchists and revolutionaries who used explosive chemicals are often represented as merely consumers of the latest scientific creations, the chapter argues that in fact these communities showed considerable ingenuity in devising new weapons. A brief case study of the career of Irish nationalist Robert Emmet’s rockets in the pre-dynamite era demonstrates this. The chapter concludes by considering the relationship of terror and science, and contrasts the radical political views of terrorists with their typically unchallenging acceptance of scientific authority and opinions in the nineteenth century.

scholarly journals TROVAS LEMOSINAS OR LLENGUA CATALANA: MAJADEROS DE CASTILLA AND THE MANY NAMES FOR THE CATALAN LANGUAGE

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 301-311
Author(s):  
John Scott Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Real Analysis ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The Many ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Previous attempts to understand the usage of the terms Catalan, Provençal, Occitan, and Limousin and the languages these designations represent have fallen short of any real analysis. Most scholars to date have either presented historical data without linguistic explication or have attempted to use the data to argue for particular political views on the question of Catalan and its many names. The present study of the names used for Catalan in different regions and at different times helps us understand the relationship of diglossia that existed between the Occitan and Catalan languages for about two hundred years and bears witness to the emergence of linguistic consciousness in Catalonia and in Valencia from the early Middle Ages to the Nineteenth Century.

scholarly journals Negotiating a ‘Tangled Web of Pride and Shame’: A Crimean Case-Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-521
Author(s):  
Rachel Bates
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
National Identity ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Military History ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cultural Turn

This article complements an identified ‘cultural turn’ in military history, which emphasizes the potency of perception and the extent to which successes, failures, opportunities and threats are culturally conditioned (Black 2004: 233-35). It will deal with issues surrounding ‘collective remembrance’, a concept which Joanna Bourke identifies as problematic. For Bourke, ‘collectivememory’ has been characterized by a ‘museal sensibility’ in which mass narratives ‘wallow’ in a nostalgic world of community, stability and certainty (Bourke 2004: 473). She argues that collective memory is an exclusive script, which imposes unity on individual experiences and overlooks conscious acts of cultural selection (Bourke 2004: 473). Whilst scholarship on the relationship of present with past rightly takes issue with collective, or public, memory, precluding individual, or private, memories, Bourke usefully draws attention to the mythical qualities of collective remembrance. Military history, integral as it is to national identity yet harbouring inherently difficult histories, is particularly susceptible to cultural, social and political mediation. This article traces nineteenth-century treatments of two Crimean failures and the legacy ofthese attitudes today in museums, which to a large extent echo some of the dominant myths and silences of Victorian Britain.

Factors Influencing Customer’s Retail Chain Store Brand Choice Intention: Empirical Study of Circle K Stores in Hanoi

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thu Ha ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thanh Huyen
Keyword(s):  
Brand Choice ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Store Brand ◽  
Chain Store ◽  
Retail Chain ◽  
Five Elements ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The retail market in Vietnam continues to grow with the entry of foreign retail brands and the strong rise of domestic businesses in expanding distribution networks and conquering consumer confidence. The appearance of more retail brands has created a fiercely competitive market. Based on the outcomes of previous research results on brand choice intention combined with a customer survey, the paper proposes an analytical framework and scales to examine the relationship of five elements including store image, price perception, risk perception, brand attitudes, brand awareness and retail brand choice intention with a case study of the Hanoi-based Circle K convenience store chain. These five elements are the precondition for retail businesses to develop their brands so as to attract customers.

Actor Relations in Interregional Cooperation Policy Dynamics Case Study: The Banjar Bakula Metropolitan Area Development Program in South Kalimantan Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Taufik Abrain
Keyword(s):  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Policy Dynamics ◽  
Interregional Cooperation ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Area Development ◽  
Cooperation Policy

Several studies have shown that the success of interregional cooperation may be influenced by coordination, commitment, participation, variance of cooperation, structure, format of cooperation, and political will. Nevertheless, these factors do not stand alone since actor relations as a determining aspect is capable of driving those factors effectively. This article aims to examine the aspect of actor relations as a contributing factor that determines successful cooperation among regions. This is a qualitative research with the policy of inter-regional cooperation of the Banjarbakula Program, South Kalimantan Province from February 2017 to February 2018, set as its object of study. The result of this study states that the success of inter-regional cooperation is influenced by the relationship of actors in development factors as suggested by previous experts. The actors involved in the inter-regional cooperation examined in this case had become triggers of coordination, commitment, and participation toward success and failure, as well as the effectiveness of regional cooperation policy. Structural obstacles, ego-centric character, minimum budget availability, and non-visionary planning could be overcome as long as actor relations were properly managed.

Suffering in Art

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritchie Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Words And Images ◽  
The Relationship

Ritchie Robertson situates Lessing’s text within debates over the proper depiction of extreme suffering in art, focusing on Goethe’s essay on the Laocoon group (1798), as well as other late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century works on the representation of pain. The issue of suffering in art was of utmost significance to Goethe’s ideology of the classical, Robertson explains; more than that, the themes introduced in Lessing’s essay—above all, its concerns with how suffering can be depicted in words and images—proved pivotal within Goethe’s prescriptions about the relationship between idealism and individuality (or ‘the characteristic’) in art. As part of a larger campaign against what he called ‘naturalism’ in art, Goethe argued that the ancients did not share the false notion that art must imitate nature. For Goethe, responding to Lessing, the power of the Laocoon group lay precisely in its depiction of bodily suffering as something not just beautiful, but also anmutig (‘sensuously pleasing’).

Police Records

2019 ◽  
pp. 797-819
Author(s):  
Cristina Vatulescu
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Detective Fiction ◽  
Media History ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Police Records ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter approaches police records as a genre that gains from being considered in its relationships with other genres of writing. In particular, we will follow its long-standing relationship to detective fiction, the novel, and biography. Going further, the chapter emphasizes the intermedia character of police records not just in our time but also throughout their existence, indeed from their very origins. This approach opens to a more inclusive media history of police files. We will start with an analysis of the seminal late nineteenth-century French manuals prescribing the writing of a police file, the famous Bertillon-method manuals. We will then track their influence following their adoption nationally and internationally, with particular attention to the politics of their adoption in the colonies. We will also touch briefly on the relationship of early policing to other disciplines, such as anthropology and statistics, before moving to a closer look at its intersections with photography and literature.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Work Motivation, Burnout and Intention to Leave for the Top Level Managers of Garment Industry (A Case Study of Indian Garment Industry)

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seema Qureshi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Garment Industry ◽  
Total Work ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Managers play an important role in organizations. They are the persons who formulate and implement policies, plans etc in the organization. Managers are the first to be contacted for suggestions with regard to overall information about the organization. Taking into consideration the importance of managers in the organization and a critical review of literature which revealed that the study on work motivation, burnout and intention to leave has not been conducted so far on the top level managers of garment industry of Delhi and NCR, the researcher found a gap to be filled by  conducting investigation on this sample for the variables in question. So the sample of the present study consists of top level managers of garment industry of Delhi and NCR. Thus, a convenient sampling method was used for drawing the sample from 60 garment export houses of Delhi and 40 of NCR. This paper gives a deep insight of work motivation, burnout and intention to leave for the top level managers of the garment industry of Delhi/NCR. In this paper we have checked the relationship of all dimensions of work motivation with the dimensions of burnout and intention to leave and have observed that all dimensions of work motivation have some more or less relationship with each dimension of burnout but neither of the dimensions of work motivation or total work motivation have any relationship with intention to leave. So even if top level managers leave their current job they don’t leave because of lack of work motivation.

scholarly journals CORREDORES URBANOS COMO CONECTORES DE VIDA PÚBLICA. DIAGNÓSTICO DE LOS CORREDORES URBANOS CENTRALES EN LA AVENIDA 24 DE MAYO, AZOGUES

2021 ◽  
pp. 78-107
Author(s):  
Lizeth Benavides ◽  
Natasha Cabrera_Jara ◽  
Belén Campoverde_Bermeo
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Original Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Urban Corridor ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
The Relationship

El cambio de modelo urbano asumido durante el siglo XX, trajo un sinnúmero de problemas como la priorización del vehículo, por lo que en la última década han surgido esfuerzos para dotar de importancia al ciudadano de a pie, en el espacio público. Esta investigación estudió las condiciones físico-espaciales de un corredor urbano donde el modelo centrado en el vehículo se acentúa, con la fnalidad de generar posibles estrategias que reviertan esta situación. Se tomó como caso de estudio a la Av. 24 de Mayo, en Azogues, y se lo analizó mediante una metodología mixta, que evaluó, detalladamente, tres zonas de estudio, determinando que la falta de accesibilidad y conectividad y el modelo de movilidad defendido por la ciudadanía, en general, infuyen directamente en las condiciones del espacio público peatonal y por ende en la habitabilidad urbana, perjudicando los desplazamientos a pie. Palabras clave: Espacio público; habitabilidad urbana; conectividad; accesibilidad; percepción. AbstractThe change of urban model assumed during the 20th century, brought countless problems such as the prioritization of vehicles, so in the last decade eforts have emerged to give importance to the citizen on foot in the public space. This original research studied the relationship of urban habitability with the physical-spatial conditions of an urban corridor, where the vehicle-centered model is accentuated, to generate possible strategies to reverse this situation. The Av. 24 de Mayo in Azogues was taken as a case study and analyzed using a mixed methodology that evaluated in detail three study areas, determining that the lack of accessibility and connectivity and the mobility model defended by citizens in general have a direct infuence on the conditions of the pedestrianpublic space and, therefore, on urban habitability, which afects walking Keywords: Public space; urban habitability; connectivity; accessibility; perception.

scholarly journals Principals Agents and Prisoners: An Economical Perspective on Information Systems Development Practice

10.28945/3041 ◽  
2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlheinz Kautz ◽  
Bjarke Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Systems Development ◽  
Information Systems Development ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Price Structure ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Development Practice

Information systems development takes place within an economical context. However, the economical conditions, which shape systems development in practice, are hardly researched. In this paper we are investigating the question how a given price structure influences systems development projects. Our analysis is based on a multi case study and a Grounded Theory inspired research approach. Our work is informed by economic theories, which deal with the relationship of suppliers and customers and their mutual dependency. We thus apply principal-agent theory and economic game theory in form of the prisoner’s dilemma. As a result we provide three interlinked models for understanding the impact of pricing structure on systems development practice. The main elements of these models are pricing structure, risk distribution and price level, and opportunistic behavior. We discuss how these elements are interrelated and examine their impact on information systems development in practice.

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