Reliability and Validity of Measurement Tools for Residual Limb Volume in People With Limb Amputations: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 612-626
Author(s):  
Lucy Armitage ◽  
Lauren Kark ◽  
Sharon Czerniec ◽  
Li Khim Kwah
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Measurement Tools

Reliability and validity of the iSense optical scanner for measuring volume of transtibial residual limb models

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Armitage ◽  
Li Khim Kwah ◽  
Lauren Kark
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Criterion Validity ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Measuring Volume ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Optical Scanner

Background: Residual limb volume is often measured as part of routine care for people with amputations. These measurements assist in the timing of prosthetic fitting or replacement. In order to make well informed decisions, clinicians need access to measurement tools that are valid and reliable. Objectives: To assess the reliability and criterion validity of the iSense optical scanner in measuring volume of transtibial residual limb models. Study Design: Three assessors performed two measurements each on 13 residual limb models with an iSense optical scanner (3D systems, USA). Intra-rater and inter-rater reliability were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients. Bland Altman plots were inspected for agreement. Criterion validity was assessed using a steel rod of known dimensions. Ten repeated measurements were performed by one assessor. A t-test was used to determine differences between measured and true rod volume. Results: Intra-rater reliability was excellent (range of intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.991–0.997, all with narrow 95% confidence intervals). While the intraclass correlation coefficients suggest excellent inter-rater reliability between all three assessors (range of intraclass correlation coefficients: 0.952–0.986), the 95% confidence intervals were wide between assessor 3 and the other two assessors. Poor agreement with assessor 3 was also seen in the Bland-Altman plots. Criterion validity was very poor with a significant difference between the mean iSense measurement and the true rod volume (difference: 221.18 mL; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Although intra-rater reliability was excellent for the iSense scanner, we did not find similar results for inter-rater reliability and validity. These results suggest that further testing of the iSense scanner is required prior to use in clinical practice. Clinical relevance The iSense offers a low cost scanning option for residual limb volume measurement. Intra-rater reliability was excellent, but inter-rater reliability and validity were such that clinical adoption is not indicated at present.

scholarly journals Footprint measurement methods for the assessment and classification of foot types in subjects with Down syndrome: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourdes Gutiérrez-Vilahú ◽  
Myriam Guerra-Balic
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Measurement Methods ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Mobility Impairments ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Arch Index

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the feet, are common in people with Down syndrome (DS). Evaluation of podiatric footprints is important to prevent and manage orthopedic symptoms. The reliability of a wide variety of footprint measurement methods has been evaluated in healthy people, but few studies have considered the specific morphotype features of the feet in subjects with DS. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the podometric measurement tools used to typologically classify the footprints in the population with DS. Methods The following electronic databases were searched for studies describing footprint measurement tools to assess and classify the foot types in patients with DS published from inception to December 2020: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Scopus. Articles were initially searched by screening titles and abstracts. Potentially relevant studies were then further screened by reviewing full texts. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were included in the review. Results Of the 122 articles identified by the search strategy, 14 full texts were retained to assess for eligibility, of which 11 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. All the studies used footprint measurement methods to classify the foot types in subjects with DS, but only two studies assessed the reliability of those methods for the population with DS. The footprint measurement tools identified were a podoscope, a pressure-sensitive mat, a PressureStatTM carbon paper, and a 3D scanner. The Arch Index was the most common footprint measurement analyzed (seven studies). Two studies used the “gold standard” indexes that include Hernández-Corvo Index, Chippaux-Smirak Index, Staheli Index, and Clarke Angle to measure footprints. Conclusions There is a need to determine the reliability and validity of the footprint measurement methods used for clinical classification of the foot types in subjects with DS. This can contribute to an early diagnosis of foot abnormalities that would help to reduce mobility impairments, improving the quality of life of patients with DS.

scholarly journals Suitability of Measurement Tools for Assessing the Prevalence of Child Domestic Work: A Rapid Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2357
Author(s):  
Nicola S. Pocock ◽  
Clara W. Chan ◽  
Cathy Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Domestic Work ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Current Standard ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Survey Instruments ◽  
Nationally Representative

Child domestic work (CDW) is a hidden form of child labour. Globally, there were an estimated 17.2 million CDWs aged 5–17 in 2012, but there has been little critical analysis of methods and survey instruments used to capture prevalence of CDW. This rapid systematic review identified and critically reviewed the measurement tools used to estimate CDWs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration: CRD42019148702). Fourteen studies were included. In nationally representative surveys, CDW prevalence ranged from 17% among 13–24-year-old females in Haiti to 2% of children aged 10–17 in Brazil. Two good quality studies and one good quality measurement tool were identified. CDW prevalence was assessed using occupation-based methods (n = 9/14), household roster (n = 7) and industry methods (n = 4). Six studies combined approaches. Four studies included task-based questions; one study used this method to formally calculate prevalence. The task-based study estimated 30,000 more CDWs compared to other methods. CDWs are probably being undercounted, based on current standard measurement approaches. We recommend use of more sensitive, task-based methods for inclusion in household surveys. The cognitive and pilot testing of newly developed task-based questions is essential to ensure comprehension. In analyses, researchers should consider CDWs who may be disguised as distant or non-relatives.

scholarly journals Reliability of activity monitors for physical activity assessment in patients with musculoskeletal disorders: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Francesco Negrini ◽  
Alessandro de Sire ◽  
Stefano Giuseppe Lazzarini ◽  
Federico Pennestrì ◽  
Salvatore Sorce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Full Text Screening

BACKGROUND: Activity monitors have been introduced in the last years to objectively measure physical activity to help physicians in the management of musculoskeletal patients. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed at describing the assessment of physical activity by commercially available portable activity monitors in patients with musculoskeletal disorders. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, PEDro, Web of Science, Scopus and CENTRAL databases were systematically searched from inception to June 11th, 2020. We considered as eligible observational studies with: musculoskeletal patients; physical activity measured by wearable sensors based on inertial measurement units; comparisons performed with other tools; outcomes consisting of number of steps/day, activity/inactivity time, or activity counts/day. RESULTS: Out of 595 records, after removing duplicates, title/abstract and full text screening, 10 articles were included. We noticed a wide heterogeneity in the wearable devices, that resulted to be 10 different types. Patients included suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and fibromyalgia. Only 3 studies compared portable activity trackers with objective measurement tools. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, this systematic review showed that activity monitors might be considered as useful to assess physical activity in patients with musculoskeletal disorders, albeit, to date, the high device heterogeneity and the different algorithms still prevent their standardization.

scholarly journals Residual limb volume fluctuations in transfemoral amputees

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Paternò ◽  
Michele Ibrahimi ◽  
Elisa Rosini ◽  
Giuseppe Menfi ◽  
Vito Monaco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Test Session ◽  
Testing Time ◽  
Residual Limb ◽  
Limb Volume ◽  
Volume Fluctuations ◽  
Exponential Trend ◽  
Prosthesis Removal ◽  
Transfemoral Amputees ◽  
Time Required

AbstractThis study constitutes the first attempt to systematically quantify residual limb volume fluctuations in transfemoral amputees. The study was carried out on 24 amputees to investigate variations due to prosthesis doffing, physical activity, and testing time. A proper experimental set-up was designed, including a 3D optical scanner to improve precision and acceptability by amputees. The first test session aimed at measuring residual limb volume at 7 time-points, with 10 min intervals, after prosthesis doffing. This allowed for evaluating the time required for volume stabilization after prosthesis removal, for each amputee. In subsequent sessions, 16 residual limb scans in a day for each amputee were captured to evaluate volume fluctuations due to prosthesis removal and physical activity, in two times per day (morning and afternoon). These measurements were repeated in three different days, a week apart from each other, for a total of 48 scans for each amputee. Volume fluctuations over time after prosthesis doffing showed a two-term decay exponential trend (R2 = 0.97), with the highest variation in the initial 10 min and an average stabilization time of 30 min. A statistically significant increase in residual limb volume following both prosthesis removal and physical activity was verified. No differences were observed between measures collected in the morning and in the afternoon.Clinical Trials.gov ID: NCT04709367.

scholarly journals The reliability of maternal audit instruments to assign cause of death in maternal deaths review process: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratnasari D. Cahyanti ◽  
Widyawati Widyawati ◽  
Mohammad Hakimi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Reliability ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Meta Regression Analysis

Abstract Background Maternal Death Reviews (MDR) can assist in formulating prevention strategies to reduce maternal mortality. To support MDR, an adequate MDR instrument is required to accurately identify the underlying causes of maternal deaths. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the reliability of maternal death instruments for conducting the MDR process. Method Three databases: PubMed, ProQuest and EBSCO were systematically searched to identify related research articles published between January 2004 and July 2019. The review and meta-analysis involved identification of measurement tools to conduct MDR in all or part of maternal audit. Eligibiliy and quality of studies were evaluated using the Modified Quality Appraisal of Diagnostic Reliability (QAREL) Checklist: Reliability Studies. Results Overall, 242 articles were identified. Six articles examining the instrument used for MDR in 4 countries (4 articles on verbal autopsy (VA) and 2 articles on facility-based MDR) were included. None of studies identified reliability in evaluation instruments assessing maternal audit cycle as a comprehensive approach. The pooled kappa for the MDR instruments was 0.72 (95%CI:0.43–0.99; p < 0.001) with considerable heterogeneity (I2 = 96.19%; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis of MDR instruments showed pooled kappa in VA of 0.89 (95%CI:0.52–1.25) and facility-based MDR of 0.48 (95%CI:0.15–0.82). Meta-regression analysis tended to show the high heterogeneity was likely associated with sample sizes, regions, and year of publications. Conclusions The MDR instruments appear feasible. Variation of the instruments suggest the need for judicious selection of MDR instruments by considering the study population and assessment during the target periods.

ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE METHODS IN IMPACT STUDIES

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (02) ◽  
pp. 123-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL LORZ ◽  
SUSAN MUELLER ◽  
THIERRY VOLERY
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Entrepreneurship Education ◽  
Impact Studies ◽  
Entrepreneurial Attitudes ◽  
The Impact

The majority of studies that analyze the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial attitudes, intentions, and venture activities report positive influences. However, several scholars have recently cast doubts about research methods and the generalizability of entrepreneurship education impact studies. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature review of the methods used in entrepreneurship education impact studies. Our results uncover significant methodological deficiencies and question the overwhelmingly positive impact of entrepreneurship education. Based on this evidence, we propose a series of recommendations to improve the reliability and validity of entrepreneurship education impact studies and we outline promising topics which are currently under-researched.

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