Effect of Usage of the Proton Pump Inhibitor Omeprazole on the Structure of the Kidney of Male Albino Rats

Abstract Introduction Recent clinical observational studies claimed that long term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) might lead to kidney injury that might progress to end-stage renal disease. Aim of the work Was to verify these claims by an in vivo experimental study in the rat. Materials &methods Fourty two adult male albino rats were assigned in four groups Control group (I) in which rats were not administrated any treatment . In groups IIa, IIb, IIc rats received daily oral omeprazole in dose of 0.75mg per kg. for 2,4,or 6 weeks successively. At the end of experiment, blood samples were collected for serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurement. Then animals were sacrificed and kidney specimens were processed into paraffin blocks, sectioned and stained with H&E, Mallory trichrome &PAS. Stained sections and image analysis were used to count vacuolated cells, pyknotic nuclei, tubular casts and area precent of collagen fiber deposition then data was subjected to statistical analysis. Results Histological examination of renal sections from omeprazole treated group showed sectional kidney injury in renal corpuscle, renal tubules and sever vascular congestion with inflammatory cell infiltrate in renal interstitium . Thickening of basement membrane was seen by PAS, while progressive increase in collagen fiber deposition was detected by Mallory trichrome stain . Morphometry, image analysis statistical analysis confirmed histological findings. Statistical significant increase in number of vacuolated cells, pyknotic nuclei, hyaline casts and area percent of collagen fiber deposition compared with control group. Clear deterioration of renal function tests was observed across the 3 time points of the study compared with the control with highly significant rise of serum creatinine in 4 & 6 weeks group compared with the control. Results of the study were time -dependent with the worst damage in the 6 week group (IV). Conclusion The present study declared that long term use of omeprazole resulted in structural damage of rat renal tissue with associated deterioration of renal function in a time dependent manner. Extreme caution should be taken with clinical prescription of omeprazole and close monitoring of renal function is highly recommended.

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Long-term continuous use of proton-pump inhibitors is associated with renal function decline in patients without acute kidney injury

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology ◽

10.1007/s10157-021-02066-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yutaka Hatakeyama ◽

Taro Horino ◽

Tatsuki Matsumoto ◽

Yoshio Terada ◽

Yoshiyasu Okuhara

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Renal Function ◽

Proton Pump Inhibitors ◽

Proton Pump ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Renal Function Decline ◽

Continuous Use

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Assessment of Kidney Function After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease ◽

10.1177/20543581211018029 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. 205435812110180

Author(s):

Orit Kliuk-Ben Bassat ◽

Sapir Sadon ◽

Svetlana Sirota ◽

Arie Steinvil ◽

Maayan Konigstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Renal Function ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Single Center ◽

Transcatheter Aortic Valve ◽

Single Center Study ◽

Center Study

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), although associated with an increased risk for acute kidney injury (AKI), may also result in improvement in renal function. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the magnitude of kidney function improvement (KFI) after TAVR and to assess its significance on long-term mortality. Design: This is a prospective single center study. Setting: The study was conducted in cardiology department, interventional unit, in a tertiary hospital. Patients: The cohort included 1321 patients who underwent TAVR. Measurements: Serum creatinine level was measured at baseline, before the procedure, and over the next 7 days or until discharge. Methods: Kidney function improvement was defined as the mirror image of AKI, a reduction in pre-procedural to post-procedural minimal creatinine of more than 0.3 mg/dL, or a ratio of post-procedural minimal creatinine to pre-procedural creatinine of less than 0.66, up to 7 days after the procedure. Patients were categorized and compared for clinical endpoints according to post-procedural renal function change into 3 groups: KFI, AKI, or preserved kidney function (PKF). The primary endpoint was long-term all-cause mortality. Results: The incidence of KFI was 5%. In 55 out of 66 patients patients, the improvement in kidney function was minor and of unclear clinical significance. Acute kidney injury occurred in 19.1%. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 was a predictor of KFI after multivariable analysis (odds ratio = 0.93 to develop KFI; confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.91-0.95, P < .001). Patients in the KFI group had a higher Society of Thoracic Surgery (STS) score than other groups. Mortality rate did not differ between KFI group and PKF group (43.9% in KFI group and 33.8% in PKF group) but was significantly higher in the AKI group (60.7%, P < .001). Limitations: The following are the limitations: heterozygous definitions of KFI within different studies and a single center study. Although data were collected prospectively, analysis plan was defined after data collection. Conclusions: Improvement in kidney function following TAVR was not a common phenomenon in our cohort and did not reduce overall mortality rate.

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Time-Dependent Changes in Excitability After One-Trial Conditioning of Hermissenda

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.1997.78.6.3460 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 78 (6) ◽

pp. 3460-3464 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Terry Crow ◽

Vilma Siddiqi

Keyword(s):

Time Dependent ◽

Control Group ◽

Type B ◽

Control Groups ◽

Phototactic Behavior ◽

Parallel Processes ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

A Site ◽

Different Levels

Crow, Terry and Vilma Siddiqi. Time-dependent changes in excitability after one-trial conditioning of Hermissenda. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 3460–3464, 1997. The visual system of Hermissenda has been studied extensively as a site of cellular plasticity produced by classical conditioning. A one-trial conditioning procedure consisting of light paired with the application of serotonin (5-HT) to the exposed, but otherwise intact, nervous system produces suppression of phototactic behavior tested 24 h after conditioning. Short- and long-term enhancement (STE and LTE) of excitability in identified type B photoreceptors is a cellular correlate of one-trial conditioning. LTE can be expressed in the absence of STE suggesting that STE and LTE may be parallel processes. To examine the development of enhancement, we studied its time-dependent alterations after one-trial conditioning. Intracellular recordings from identified type B photoreceptors of independent groups collected at different times after conditioning revealed that enhanced excitability follows a biphasic pattern in its development. The analysis of spikes elicited by 2 and 30 s extrinsic current pulses at different levels of depolarization showed that enhancement reached a peak 3 h after conditioning. From its peak, excitability decreased toward baseline control levels 5–6 h after conditioning followed by an increase to a stable plateau at 16 to 24 h postconditioning. Excitability changes measured in cells from unpaired control groups showed maximal changes 1 h posttreatment that rapidly decremented within 2 h. The conditioned stimulus (CS) elicited significantly more spikes 24 h postconditioning for the conditioned group as compared with the unpaired control group. The analysis of the time-dependent development of enhancement may reveal the processes underlying different stages of memory for this associative experience.

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MO388DEVELOPMENT OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY DURING A RHABDOMYOLYSIS EPISODE: DIFFERENCES IN LONG-TERM KIDNEY FUNCTION

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation ◽

10.1093/ndt/gfab082.0042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Núñez Delgado ◽

Miren Iriarte-Abril ◽

Júlia Farrera-Núñez ◽

Sergi Pascual-Sánchez ◽

Laia Sans-Atxer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Renal Function ◽

Kidney Function ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Inpatient Mortality ◽

Short Term ◽

Worse Prognosis

Abstract Background and Aims Acute renal failure (AKI) associated to rhabdomyolysis conditions a worse prognosis in short-term, its implication in the long-term renal function has been less evaluated. Method Retrospective analysis of patients diagnosed with rhabdomyolysis defined by creatinine kinase > 5000 IU/L between 2015-2019. Basal and 12-month renal function was evaluated. AKI was classified as either non-severe (AKI-KDIGO 1/2) or severe (AKI-KDIGO 3). Results Eighty-seven patients were included, 25 (28.74%) had some degree of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on admission. 56 (64.37%) had AKI on admission, 17 of which were severe (6 required hemodialysis). The patients with AKI had more cardiovascular disease (CVD) and worse analytical parameters on admission (table). Patients with severe AKI showed no difference in CVD from those with non-severe AKI but were younger and had more hyperkalemia. There were no significant differences between patients with severe AKI who required hemodialysis and those who did not. Inpatient mortality was 8%, higher in patients with AKI but without differences according to severity. In 45 patients kidney function was available 12 months after the episode, loss of eGF was -4.90 ± 14.35 ml/min-1.73m2 (p=0.007). There was no difference between patients who developed AKI and those who did not (-4.10 ± 14.4 vs. -5.39 ± 14.57 ml/min-1.73m2; p=0.67), nor between non-severe and severe AKI (-5.50 ± 14.76 vs. -5.12 ± 15.08ml/min-1.73m2; p=0.98). Of the 33 patients without previous CKD, 5 developed CKD, with greater decrease in eGF than those who did not (-22.69 ± 6.04 vs. -2.63 ± 13.92 ml/min-1.73m2; p=0.003). Female sex (60% vs. 12%; p=0.031) and previous basal eGF (72.22 ± 4.37 vs. 95.6±19.97 ml/min-1.72m2; p=0.016) were related to this deterioration. Conclusion After an episode of rhabdomyolysis, the loss of eGF is similar in patients who develop AKI compared to those who do not.

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Outcomes of Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Critical Care Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2013/715807 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Melanie Chan ◽

Marlies Ostermann

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Renal Function ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Chronic Hemodialysis ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Icu Outcome ◽

Stage Renal Disease ◽

End Stage

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) experience higher rates of hospitalisation, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality and are more likely to require admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) than patients with normal renal function. Sepsis and cardiovascular diseases are the most common reasons for ICU admission. ICU mortality rates in patients requiring chronic hemodialysis are significantly higher than for patients without ESRD; however, dialysis patients have a better ICU outcome than those with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy suggesting that factors other than loss of renal function contribute to their prognosis. Current evidence suggests, the longer-term outcomes after discharge from ICU may be favourable and that long-term dependence on dialysis should not prejudice against prompt referral or admission to ICU.

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Zoledronic Acid Effect on Chondrocyte Apoptosis in Degenerative Osteoarthritis Model

International Surgery ◽

10.9738/intsurg-d-15-00132.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 101 (5-6) ◽

pp. 291-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mustafa Uysal ◽

Gurkan Ozkoc ◽

Filiz Bolat ◽

Mehmet Turker ◽

Mehmet Erdem

Keyword(s):

Zoledronic Acid ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Degenerative Changes ◽

Cartilage Tissue ◽

Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Chondrocyte Death ◽

Age Related ◽

Acl Transection

Apoptosis refers to cell death without inflammatory process, and is related to degenerative changes in joints. We hypothesized that zoledronic acid (ZA) would have a positive effect on chondrocyte viability and decreases in chondrocyte loss, which are important for the progression of degeneration. This study aimed to reveal the difference in time-dependent apoptotic changes in cartilage tissue in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) transection model of osteoarthritis (OA) in rat knees after treatment with zoledronic acid. We randomly divided 48 male Wistar albino rats into 6 groups. The knees of all rats except those in the control group underwent the operation for ACL transection. ZA for half of the rats and saline solution for the others was injected weekly into knees. Animals were killed at 0, 3, and 6 weeks after surgery. Apoptosis of chondrocytes were analyzed using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling method. Comparison of groups was performed using Kruskal Wallis analysis and the Mann Whitney U test. Significant differences were observed between the groups treated with ZA and saline. ZA treatment significantly decreased the number of apoptotic cells in chondral tissue. ZA prevents time-dependent degenerative changes in chondral tissue by decreasing chondrocyte death. Intra-articular ZA may have the potential to treat and conserve chondral viability. ZA prevents chondrocyte loss and may play a therapeutic role in OA and conserving joint health. Further studies are needed to evaluate the potential of intra-articular ZA for the prevention or treatment of age-related degenerative changes.

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Impact of Acute Kidney Injury and Its Duration on Long-term Renal Function After Partial Nephrectomy

European Urology ◽

10.1016/j.eururo.2019.04.040 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 (3) ◽

pp. 398-403 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carlo Andrea Bravi ◽

Emily Vertosick ◽

Nicole Benfante ◽

Amy Tin ◽

Daniel Sjoberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Renal Function ◽

Partial Nephrectomy ◽

Kidney Injury

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Tramadol Induced Adrenal Insufficiency: Histological, Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural, and Biochemical Genetic Experimental Study

Journal of Toxicology ◽

10.1155/2017/9815853 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shereen Abdelhakim Abdelaleem ◽

Osama A. Hassan ◽

Rasha F. Ahmed ◽

Nagwa M. Zenhom ◽

Rehab A. Rifaai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adrenal Insufficiency ◽

Thioredoxin Reductase ◽

Serum Cortisol ◽

Treated Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Albino Rats ◽

Narcotic Drug ◽

Biochemical Genetic ◽

Withdrawal Effects

Tramadol is a synthetic, centrally acting analgesic. It is the most consumed narcotic drug that is prescribed in the world. Tramadol abuse has dramatically increased in Egypt. Long term use of tramadol can induce endocrinopathy. So, the aim of this study was to analyze the adrenal insufficiency induced by long term use of tramadol in experimental animals and also to assess its withdrawal effects through histopathological and biochemical genetic study. Forty male albino rats were used in this study. The rats were divided into 4 groups (control group, tramadol-treated group, and withdrawal groups). Tramadol was given to albino rats at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight for 3 months and after withdrawal periods (7–15 days) rats were sacrificed. Long term use of tramadol induced severe histopathological changes in adrenal glands. Tramadol decreased the levels of serum cortisol and DHEAS hormones. In addition, it increased the level of adrenal MDA and decreased the genetic expression of glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase in adrenal gland tissues. All these changes started to return to normal after withdrawal of tramadol. Thus, it was confirmed that long term use of tramadol can induce severe adrenal insufficiency.

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