scholarly journals Effects of Stand and Site Variables on the Lumber Value of Uneven-aged Loblolly Pine Stands

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
David W. Patterson ◽  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Market Prices ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Continuous Forest ◽  
Single Tree Selection ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Uneven-aged silviculture using single-tree selection provides the landowner with periodic income from a continuous forest which has a varied canopy. Data were collected from 24 plots of a larger study to determine if site index, basal area, and maximum dbh affected volume and value of lumber from loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees in uneven-aged stands. Tree grades and lumber yield equations were used to determine the volume of lumber by grade for each tree. Market prices from May 1997 and May 1998 were used to estimate lumber value. Analysis of variance showed that study variables significantly affected lumber volume, lumber value/mbf, and stand value/ac. With 1997 prices, increases in site index and maximum dbh significantly increased lumber value/mbf, but only maximum dbh was significant with 1998 prices. Stand values ranged from $4,100 to $12,350/ac and were significantly higher for the higher site index, basal area, and maximum dbh. South. J. Appl. For. 24(4):202-206.

Growth of Loblolly Pine Stands After the First Five Years of Uneven-Aged Silviculture Using Single-Tree Selection

1994 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Single Tree Selection ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
North Louisiana ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract The effects of three levels of residual basal area (40, 60, and 80 ft2/ac), maximum dbh (12, 16, and 20 in.) and site index (< 81 ft, 81 to 90 ft, and >90 ft) on the growth of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) stands after 5 yr of uneven-aged silviculture were determined from plots located in south Arkansas and north Louisiana. Designated levels of basal area and maximum dbh were achieved by harvesting; a q factor of 1.2 (using 1 in. dbh classes) was imposed on all plots as closely as possible. Stand-level models were developed for annual per acre net volume growth (merchantable cubic feet, sawtimber cubic feet, and sawtimber board feet, Doyle rule) and annual per acre survivor growth, ingrowth, and mortality components of basal area growth. Growth for all volume measures increased with an increase in basal area. Site index did not significantly affect merchantable cubic-foot growth but had a positive effect on sawtimber growth in both cubic feet and board feet, Doyle. Increases in maximum dbh decreased merchantable and sawtimber cubic-foot growth but increased growth for board-foot volume, Doyle. South. J. Appl. For. 18(3): 128-132.

A 10-Year Evaluation of Prescribed Winter Burns in Uneven-Aged Stands of Pinus-Taeda L and P. Echinata Mill - Woody Understorey Vegetation Response

1993 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
MD Cain
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Vegetation Response ◽  
Understorey Vegetation ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Single Tree Selection ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

The effects of burning cycles and pine basal area levels were assessed on natural pine regeneration and hardwood development in uneven-aged stands of loblolly and shortleaf pines (Pinus taeda L. and P. echinata Mill.). The treatments included an unburned control and prescribed winter burns at 3-, 6-, and 9-yr intervals. Basal area treatments were 9, 14, 18, and 23 m2 ha-1 for the merchantable-pine component and were maintained on a 6-yr cutting cycle using single-tree selection. Ten years after the study was initiated, density and quadrat stocking of pine regeneration were negatively correlated with overstorey basal area. The 6-yr burning cycle had higher pine density and better quadrat stocking of pine regeneration compared with any other bum treatment mainly because the 6-yr burning cycle coincided with a bumper pine seedcrop and the 6-yr cutting cycle. Recurring fires tended to result in reduced size of hardwood competition but had less impact on hardwood density. When considering a prescribed burning program in uneven-aged stands of loblolly and shortleaf pines, more attention should be given to density, quadrat stocking, and size of established pine regeneration and to expected seedcrops rather than to the prosecution of rigid burning schedules.

Eight-Year Performance of Loblolly Pine with Pisolithus Ectomycorrhizae on a Good-Quality Forest Site

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald H. Marx ◽  
Charles E. Cordell ◽  
Alexander Clark
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Area Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Crown Closure

Abstract Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L) seedlings with different initial amounts of Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt) ectomycorrhizae (Pt index 0, 27, 46, 68, or 88) were planted on a good-quality site (site index 90 ft at age 50) in southwest Georgia. After 8 years and crown closure, trees with Pt indices of 88 and 68 had significantly better survival and greater heights, diameters, volumes, and green weights per tree and per ac than nursery-run, control seedlings (Pt index 0). Volume and weight yields per ac were over 50% greater and volume and weight yields per tree were over 20% greater for trees in the Pt index 88 treatment than they were for control trees. A special statistical analysis indicated that average per ac volume was positively correlated with initial Pt index values larger than 58. Tree-ring analyses showed that trees with a Pt index of 88 had significantly greater annual basal area growth than controls during growing seasons with water deficits of 8 to 13 in. Annual growth did not differ when water deficits were greater or less than these amounts. After 8 years, Pt basidiocarps were present throughout the study site. Mycorrhizal treatment integrity may have been lost after 3 or 4 years. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):275-280

Color Aerial Photography for Assessing the Need for Fertilizers in Loblolly Pine Plantations

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Blinn ◽  
Al Lyons ◽  
Edward R. Buckner
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Aerial Photography ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Color Coding ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Color aerial photography was used to assess crown color classes in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations. Three distinct Munsell color classes were delineated on the resulting photographs. Foliar N levels and, to a lesser degree, foliar K levels were directly related to color. Significant relationships between color and site index and color and basal area were shown. Application of color aerial photography, combined with Munsell color coding, could expedite land classification and also make possible more efficient use of fertilizers. South J. Appl. For. 12(4):270-273.

Sawtimber Volume Predictions for Uneven-Aged Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands on Average Sites

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Murphy ◽  
Robert M. Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Pinus Echinata ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Elapsed Time ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract Equations are given to estimate current and projected sawtimber volumes and projected basal area of the sawtimber portion of uneven-aged loblolly-shortleaf (Pinus taeda L.-Pinus echinata Mill.) pine stands managed under the selection system. The independent variables are elapsed time, initial merchantable basal area, and the initial ratio of sawtimber basal area to merchantable basal area. The results should provide guidelines for the board-foot and cubic-foot production of sawtimber-sized trees in uneven-aged stands that occur on average sites (site index 90, loblolly pine) in the Coastal Plain.

A Habitat Suitability Index for White-Tailed Deer in the Piedmont

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hewlette S. Crawford ◽  
R. Larry Marchinton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Habitat Suitability Index ◽  
Suitability Index ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Autumn And Winter

Abstract A habitat suitability index based on winter foods was designed to evaluate habitat changes affecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the Piedmont region of the southeastern United States. Habitat components incorporated in the index were (1) the standing crop of availableherbaceous vegetation and leaves of woody plants remaining green during late autumn and winter, (2) basal area of oak (Quercus spp.) 10" dbh and larger, (3) number of oak species in the stand ≥5% of total basal area, (4) site index of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) or mixed oak, (5) percentageof agricultural land, and (6) distance from agricultural land to forest or shrub cover. The rationale for inclusion of each component of the index is given, and methods for sampling each habitat component are described. The index should be useful on private small landownerships as well ason larger private and public holdings. South. J. Appl. For. 13(1):12-16

Thinned Loblolly Pine Stand Growth Improved by Early Hardwood Suppression

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Terry R. Clason
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Stand Growth ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

Abstract A hardwood suppression treatment applied to a 7-year-old, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantation enhanced projected productivity through a 35-year rotation that included three commercial thinnings. By age 22, growth data showed that hardwood removal treatments had larger pines and smaller hardwoods than check treatments. Fifteen-year pine basal area and merchantable volume growth on hardwood removal plots exceeded the check plots by 25 and 27%. Projected growth between ages 22 and 35 indicated that 28 years after early hardwood removal thinned plantation merchantable volume yields improved by 840 ft³ per acre. South. J. Appl. For. 15(1):22-27.

Crown efficiency in a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) spacing experiment

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1344-1351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hubert Sterba ◽  
Ralph L Amateis
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Projection Area ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Dominant Height ◽  
Crown Projection Area ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Crown Closure

Crown efficiency was first defined by Assmann (1961. Waldertragskunde. BLV, München) as individual tree volume increment per unit of crown projection area. He hypothesized that within a given crown class, smaller crowns are more efficient because their ratio between crown surface and horizontal crown projection is higher. Data from a loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) spacing experiment were used to test if this hypothesis also holds in young loblolly pine stands and, if so, to determine if it explains the increment differences between spacings in the spacing experiment. Using individual tree height relative to plot dominant height to describe crown class, within-plot regression showed that crown efficiency decreased with crown size for trees below dominant height. This relationship was much less pronounced than indicated from Assmann's examples, although the crown surface to crown projection ratio behaved in the same way as Assmann had hypothesized. Crown efficiency as well as the crown surface to crown projection area ratio decreased with increasing density. Basal area increment per hectare increased until total crown closure approached 130% and then stayed constant. This major impact of total crown coverage brings into question the usefullness of crown efficiency as an indicator for unit area growth.

Basal Area and Diameter Distribution Models for Loblolly Pine Plantations with Hardwood Competition in the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Knowe
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Volume Equations

Abstract Prediction equations were developed for basal area and percentiles of diameter distributions to account for the hardwood component in site-prepared, Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plain loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations. Unlike existing stand-level simulation models that incorporate hardwood competition, the new equations resulted in constant total basal area regardless of the amount of hardwood competition and permitted the variance of the diameter distribution to increase with increasing proportion of hardwoods. The equations presented can be used with existing dominant height, survival, and volume equations as a tool for assessing the impact of hardwoods on loblolly pine yield. South. J. Appl. For. 16(2):93-98.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of Understocked Loblolly-Shortleaf Pine Stands—I. Recently Cutover Natural Stands

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker ◽  
Michael G. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Shortleaf Pine ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Good Site ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Natural Stands

Abstract Two loblolly-shortleaf pine (Pinus taeda L.-P. echinata Mill.) stands were cut to stocking levels of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% to simulate recently cutover, understocked, uneven-aged stands. Number of trees ranged from 38 per acre for 10% stocking to 213 per acre for 50% stocking; comparable total basal areas were 4 and 16 ft²/ac, respectively. One stand was on a good site (site index = 90 ft at age 50), the other on a medium site (site index = 75 ft at age 50). As a rehabilitation treatment, all hardwoods 1 in. groundline diameter and larger were injected with a herbicide. At 2, 5, 10, and 15 yr after treatment, the stands were inventoried to determine: (1) rate at which the understocked stands recovered, and (2) minimum stocking levels required for successful rehabilitation. During 15 yr of rehabilitation, the understocked stands changed dramatically, and because of rapid growth of residual pines, stocking levels, basal areas, and tree volumes increasedmarkedly. Stands having at least 20% residual stocking and 5 ft²/ac of pine basal area reached an acceptable stocking level of 60% (based on number and size of trees), or 45 ft²/ac of basal area within 15 yr. Stands at this minimum stocking threshold produced 4,600 bd ft(Doyle)/ac of sawtimber volume on the good site and 3,000 bd ft/ac of sawtimber volume on the medium site during the 15 yr period. The study indicates that recently cutover, or damaged, understocked stands with at least 20% to 30% stocking or 5 to 10 ft²/ac of pine basal area can be rehabilitated to produce respectable sawtimber volumes. This management strategy provides a low-cost alternative to establishing a new stand at considerable cost to the landowner. South. J. Appl. For. 22(1):35-40.

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