314 Alcohol and the Sleep of Elite Athletes

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A125-A125
Author(s):  
Lindsay Shaw ◽  
Yuval Altman ◽  
Shuli Eyal ◽  
Anda Baharav
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Insufficient Sleep ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Psychological Influence ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Introduction Extensive evidence indicates that alcohol adversely affects athletic performance, increases the chance of injury, impairs aerobic metabolism, and has detrimental psychological influence. Alcohol consumption was also shown to be significant in young adults, with many elite athletes reporting alcohol intake. Sleep is essential to musculoskeletal recovery, acquisition of new skills, and emotional regulation in athletes. As insufficient sleep has detrimental effects on athletic performances and increases the risk of injury, we aimed to analyze the relation between alcohol consumption and sleep parameters among elite athletes. Methods We studied 9,164 nights recorded with the Boost application by 66 adult elite athletes from various sports during October 2019-December 2020. In addition to perceived and measured sleep parameters, nightly data included the previous day reported alcohol consumption and the number of training sessions. For each athlete, the average nightly mean heart rate (HR) in nights with reported alcohol consumption (AY) and without (AN) was calculated, as were the bedtime and the number of training sessions. Results In nights with reported alcohol, mean HR was higher (AY: 56.1±7.8 BPM, mean±SD, AN: 52.9±7.3 BPM, p<.05), while bedtime was later (AY: 23:16±70 minutes, AN: 22:52±55 minutes, p<.05) and fewer training sessions were reported in the following day (AY: 0.88±0.59 sessions, AN: 1.1±0.59 sessions, p<.05). No correlation was found between mean HR and bedtime in nights without alcohol consumption (r=0.3). 24% of Saturday night recordings included alcohol consumption reports, with 16% of Friday nights and 12–13% for each of the remaining weeknights. Conclusion Adult elite athletes report consuming alcohol, especially during weekends when the probability for a training session the following day is lower. Our data support the well documented physiological effect of alcohol via elevated mean HR values throughout the night. Athletes and coaches should be educated about the impacts of alcohol and insufficient sleep on wellbeing and performance. Support (if any):

scholarly journals The Sleep and Recovery Practices of Athletes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1330
Author(s):  
Rónán Doherty ◽  
Sharon M. Madigan ◽  
Alan Nevill ◽  
Giles Warrington ◽  
Jason G. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Elite Athlete ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quality Sleep ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Individual Sports ◽  
To Receive

Background: Athletes maintain a balance between stress and recovery and adopt recovery modalities that manage fatigue and enhance recovery and performance. Optimal TST is subject to individual variance. However, 7–9 h sleep is recommended for adults, while elite athletes may require more quality sleep than non-athletes. Methods: A total of 338 (elite n = 115, 74 males and 41 females, aged 23.44 ± 4.91 years; and sub-elite n = 223, 129 males and 94 females aged 25.71 ± 6.27) athletes were recruited from a variety of team and individual sports to complete a battery of previously validated and reliable widely used questionnaires assessing sleep, recovery and nutritional practices. Results: Poor sleep was reported by both the elite and sub-elite athlete groups (i.e., global PSQI score ≥5—elite 64% [n = 74]; sub-elite 65% [n = 146]) and there was a significant difference in sport-specific recovery practices (3.22 ± 0.90 vs. 2.91 ± 0.90; p < 0.001). Relatively high levels of fatigue (2.52 ± 1.32), stress (1.7 ± 1.31) and pain (50%, n = 169) were reported in both groups. A range of supplements were used regularly by athletes in both groups; indeed, whey (elite n = 22 and sub-elite n = 48) was the most commonly used recovery supplement in both groups. Higher alcohol consumption was observed in the sub-elite athletes (12%, n = 26) and they tended to consume more units of alcohol per drinking bout. Conclusion: There is a need for athletes to receive individualised support and education regarding their sleep and recovery practices.

scholarly journals 0206 Sleep Opportunity and Duration are Related to Risk Injury in Elite Athletes

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A80-A81
Author(s):  
L Shaw ◽  
R Cohen ◽  
Y Altman ◽  
S Eyal ◽  
A Baharav
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Previous Night ◽  
Time In Bed ◽  
Real Life Data ◽  
Sleep Parameters ◽  
Published Research

Abstract Introduction Sleep is essential to musculoskeletal recovery, acquisition of new skills and emotional regulation in athletes. Insufficient sleep is detrimental to performance. Recent publications indicate that sleep duration is related to risk for injury in young athletes. We aimed at analyzing the relation between sleep opportunity and duration and the likelihood of an injury among adult elite athletes. Methods We studied 7,237 nights recorded with the Sleeprate application by 71 adult elite athletes from diverse sports, during the period September 2018-October 2019. Night recordings included perceived and measured sleep parameters. In addition, athletes reported their previous day nap duration, injuries and illness status. Out of the total number of nights, 4,205 included reported injury status with no injury and no illness for the previous night. Nightly total time in bed (TIB), TIB including reported naps (TIB24hr) and measured total sleep time (TST) were examined. Results Average TIB was significantly shorter (508±77 minutes, mean±STD) in healthy days preceding injuries than in healthy days preceding days with no injury (525±70 minutes, p&lt;.001). Similar results were found when comparing the TIB24hr (injury: 517±83 minutes, no injury: 543±76 minutes, p&lt;.001) and TST (injury: 443±72 minutes, no injury: 457±69 minutes, p&lt;.001). Conclusion Average sleep opportunities of the elite athletes in this study were in accordance with their age and workouts load. The time athletes allow themselves as an opportunity for sleep is inversely correlated to the chances of developing an injury. These findings corroborate published research regarding sleep duration and risk of injury in athletes, yet our findings are based on real life data of elite athletes, and demonstrate the importance of sleep as part of the elite or professional athlete’s routine, suggesting that even as little as around 20 minutes of added sleep may be efficient in preventing injury. Support N/A

scholarly journals Risk of injury after alcohol consumption from case-crossover studies in five countries from the Americas

Addiction ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Borges ◽  
Ricardo Orozco ◽  
Maristela Monteiro ◽  
Cheryl Cherpitel ◽  
Eddy Pérez Then ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Case Crossover ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Crossover Studies

SALBUTAMOL AND PERFORMANCE IN NON-ATOPIC ELITE ATHLETES

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
D. C. McKenzie ◽  
B. C. Rhodes ◽  
D. L. Sterling ◽  
J. P. Wiley ◽  
D. W. Dunwoody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
And Performance

Psychological and performance concomitants of increased volume training in elite athletes

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane M. Murphy ◽  
Steven J. Fleck ◽  
Gary Dudley ◽  
Robin Callister
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
And Performance

scholarly journals Muscle Strength Variations of Knee Joint Muscles in Elite Female Handball Players after Pre-Season Conditioning

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Gonosova ◽  
Petr Stastny ◽  
Jan Belka ◽  
Lucia Bizovska ◽  
Michal Lehnert
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Peak Torque ◽  
Knee Extension ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Strength Performance ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Previous Season ◽  
Isokinetic Peak Torque

Abstract Monitoring seasonal variations in strength performance and the relative risk of injury indicators related to strength of hamstring (H) and quadriceps (Q) in female elite athletes is beneficial for the training process. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the level of muscle strength, the conventional ratio (HCONC/QCONC) as well as two functional and strength ratios reflecting the movement of knee extension (HECC/QCONC) and flexion (HCONC/QECC), and the bilateral percentage strength deficit (BSD) in elite female handball players. The concentric and eccentric isokinetic peak torque was measured at an angular velocity of 60°/s on three occasions (in-season cessation, 4 weeks of rest followed by 4 weeks of individual conditioning and 6 weeks of group conditioning) in eleven female handball players (age: 23.1 ± 3.5 years, body height: 1.73 ± 0.6 m). According to ANOVA results, the BSD of H muscles in the concentric mode decreased between the in-season cessation and the end of the pre-season, and HCONC/QCONC increased at the beginning of the pre-season and at the end of the pre-season in comparison with inseason cessation measurement. The effect size analyses showed that the off-season rest followed by 10 weeks of the conditioning programme increased Q and H strength in comparison with the previous season with a large effect. Coaches should include progressive conditioning in the pre-season phase to decrease the bilateral strength deficit and to support further conditioning development.

Infographic: Elite athletes’ anxiety over illness ups risk of injury in competition

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (15) ◽  
pp. 955-955
Author(s):  
Toomas Timpka ◽  
Victor Bargoria ◽  
Karin Halje ◽  
Jenny Jacobsson
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Risk Of Injury

scholarly journals Physiological Responses and Predictors of Performance in a Simulated Competitive Ski Mountaineering Race

2021 ◽  
pp. 250-257
Author(s):  
Michael Lasshofer ◽  
John Seifert ◽  
Anna-Maria Wörndle ◽  
Thomas Stöggl
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
Ramp Test ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treadmill Speed ◽  
And Performance

Competitive ski mountaineering (SKIMO) has achieved great popularity within the past years. However, knowledge about the predictors of performance and physiological response to SKIMO racing is limited. Therefore, 21 male SKIMO athletes split into two performance groups (elite: VO2max 71.2 ± 6.8 ml· min-1· kg-1 vs. sub-elite: 62.5 ± 4.7 ml· min-1· kg-1) were tested and analysed during a vertical SKIMO race simulation (523 m elevation gain) and in a laboratory SKIMO specific ramp test. In both cases, oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), blood lactate and cycle characteristics were measured. During the race simulation, the elite athletes were approximately 5 min faster compared with the sub-elite (27:15 ± 1:16 min; 32:31 ± 2:13 min; p < 0.001). VO2 was higher for elite athletes during the race simulation (p = 0.046) and in the laboratory test at ventilatory threshold 2 (p = 0.005) and at maximum VO2 (p = 0.003). Laboratory maximum power output is displayed as treadmill speed and was higher for elite than sub-elite athletes (7.4 ± 0.3 km h-1; 6.6 ± 0.3 km h-1; p < 0.001). Lactate values were higher in the laboratory maximum ramp test than in the race simulation (p < 0.001). Pearson’s correlation coefficient between race time and performance parameters was highest for velocity and VO2 related parameters during the laboratory test (r > 0.6). Elite athletes showed their superiority in the race simulation as well as during the maximum ramp test. While HR analysis revealed a similar strain to both cohorts in both tests, the superiority can be explainable by higher VO2 and power output. To further push the performance of SKIMO athletes, the development of named factors like power output at maximum and ventilatory threshold 2 seems crucial.

scholarly journals Cold-Water Immersion and Contrast Water Therapy: No Improvement of Short-Term Recovery After Resistance Training

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 886-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos K. Argus ◽  
James R. Broatch ◽  
Aaron C. Petersen ◽  
Remco Polman ◽  
David J. Bishop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Cold Water Immersion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Contrast Water Therapy

Context:An athlete’s ability to recover quickly is important when there is limited time between training and competition. As such, recovery strategies are commonly used to expedite the recovery process.Purpose:To determine the effectiveness of both cold-water immersion (CWI) and contrast water therapy (CWT) compared with control on short-term recovery (<4 h) after a single full-body resistance-training session.Methods:Thirteen men (age 26 ± 5 y, weight 79 ± 7 kg, height 177 ± 5 cm) were assessed for perceptual (fatigue and soreness) and performance measures (maximal voluntary isometric contraction [MVC] of the knee extensors, weighted and unweighted countermovement jumps) before and immediately after the training session. Subjects then completed 1 of three 14-min recovery strategies (CWI, CWT, or passive sitting [CON]), with the perceptual and performance measures reassessed immediately, 2 h, and 4 h postrecovery.Results:Peak torque during MVC and jump performance were significantly decreased (P < .05) after the resistance-training session and remained depressed for at least 4 h postrecovery in all conditions. Neither CWI nor CWT had any effect on perceptual or performance measures over the 4-h recovery period.Conclusions:CWI and CWT did not improve short-term (<4-h) recovery after a conventional resistance-training session.

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