scholarly journals Predictors of mask-wearing during the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronelle Burger ◽  
Carmen Christian ◽  
Rene English ◽  
Brendan Maughan-Brown ◽  
Laura Rossouw
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
National Income ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model ◽  
Mobile Survey

Abstract Background In the absence of a vaccine, the global spread of COVID-19 during 2020 has necessitated non-pharmaceutical interventions to curb the rise of cases. Purpose The article uses the health belief model and a novel rapid mobile survey to examine correlates of reported mask-wearing as a non-pharmaceutical intervention in South Africa between May and August 2020. Methods Two-way tabulations and multivariable analysis via logistic regression modeling describe correlations between reported mask-wearing and factors of interest among a sample of 7074 adults in a two-period national longitudinal survey, the National Income Dynamics Study-Coronavirus Rapid Mobile Survey (NIDS-CRAM). Results In line with the health belief model, results showed that self-efficacy, the prevalence of others’ mask-wearing in the same district, and affluence were positively associated with reported mask-wearing. Those who reported staying at home were significantly less likely to report wearing a mask. There was little evidence that the expected severity of the disease if contracted, affects these decisions. Hypertension, obesity, or being overweight (measured three years earlier) did not have a significant association with mask-wearing. The prevalence of mask-wearing increased significantly from May to August 2020 as COVID-19 cases increased and lockdown restrictions were eased. Contrary to the health belief model, we found that despite having a higher mortality risk, the elderly had significantly lower odds of mask-wearing. Conclusion In South Africa, the mask-wearing adherence has increased rapidly. It is concerning that the elderly had lower odds of mask-wearing. This should be examined further in future research.

scholarly journals Credibility of self-reported health parameters in elderly population

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roi Amster ◽  
Iris Reychav ◽  
Roger McHaney ◽  
Lin Zhu ◽  
Joseph Azuri
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

Abstract Aim: Examining the credibility of self-reported height, weight, and blood pressure by the elderly population using a tablet in a retirement residence, and examining the influence of health beliefs on the self-reporting credibility. Background: Obesity is a major problem with rising prevalence in the western world. Hypertension is also a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Self-report, remotely from the clinic, becomes even more essential when patients are encouraged to avoid visiting the clinic as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Self-reporting of height and weight is suspected of leading to underestimation of obesity prevalence in the population; however, it has not been well studied in the elderly population. The Health Belief Model tries to predict and explain decision making of patients based on the patient’s health beliefs. Methods: Residents of a retirement home network filled a questionnaire about their health beliefs regarding hypertension and obesity and self-reported their height, weight, and blood pressure. Blood pressure, height, and weight were then measured and compared to the patients’ self-reporting. Findings: Ninety residents, aged 84.90 ± 5.88, filled the questionnaire. From a clinical perspective, the overall gap between the measured and the self-reported BMI (M = 1.43, SD = 2.72), which represents an absolute gap of 0.74 kilograms and 2.95 centimeters, is expected to have only a mild influence on the physician’s clinical evaluation of the patient’s medical condition. This can allow the physician to estimate their patient’s BMI status before the medical consultation and physical examination upon the patient’s self-reporting. Patients’ dichotomous (normal/abnormal) self-report of their blood pressure condition was relatively credible: positive predictive value (PPV) of 77.78% for normal blood pressure (BP) and 78.57% for abnormal BP. The relatively high PPV of BP self-reporting demonstrates an option for the physician to recognize patients at risk. Regression analysis found no correlation between the anthropometric parameters and the Health Belief Model.

scholarly journals Determinants of COVID-19 Prevention Behavior in the Elderly in Urmia: Application of Health Belief Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 646-650
Author(s):  
Morad Ali Zareipour ◽  
Mojtaba Fattahi Ardakani ◽  
Monireh Rezaee Moradali ◽  
Mohammad Saeed Jadgal ◽  
Ehsan Movahed
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Perceived Susceptibility ◽  
Prevention Behavior ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 disease effects on all age group and sex, especially the elderly, due to the high mortality rate, it is very impressive and the protective measures can reduce mortality in the elderly. AIM: The present study was conducted to find the determinants of COVID-19 prevention behavior in the elderly in Urmia by emphasizing on the health belief model. METHODS: The present study was a cross-sectional study on 1400 elderly people in Urmia, Iran in 2020 and the sample selection was by simple random sampling by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in this study that included demographic characteristics, health belief model questionnaire, and COVID-19 prevention behaviors. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and linear regression tests using SPSS 23 software. RESULTS: The results showed that the COVID-19 prevention behavior score has been increased by increasing age rate and this behavior was higher in older women than men (p = 0.02). Furthermore, linear regression test showed the most predictive constructs as knowledge (B = 0.38), perceived susceptibility (B = 0.29), perceived intensity (B = 0.25), and perceived self-efficacy (B = 0.21, respectively) and these structures were statistically significant (p < 0/05). CONCLUSION: Effective interventions based on the health belief model and emphasizing on promoting knowledge, perceived susceptibility, severity, and perceived self-efficacy can prevent the elderly from developing this disease and its complications.

Examination of attitudes, perceptions and behaviours of the elderly with diabetes based on the health belief model

2018 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Julide Gulizar Yildirim ◽  
Elif Unsal Avdal ◽  
Berna Nilgun Ozgursoy Uran
Keyword(s):  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
Activity Loss ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
The Health Belief Model

This study aims to determine the attitudes, perceptions and behaviours of the elderly with diabetes and its theoretical structure was based on the Health Belief Model. The cross-sectional study was carried out with 82 elderly volunteers. The data were collected with a descriptive and semi-structured form. Individuals’ level of following-up blood glucose and ability to monitor other early signs and symptoms was found to be moderate and elderly expressed ‘activity loss’ and ‘changes in body image of considering barriers’. It can be said that elderly compliance to the treatment was good and that the beliefs about disease are affect to cope with the disease, the seriousness, the behaviours and the perceived benefit.Keywords: Elderly, diabetes mellitus, beliefs, health belief model.

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