Lung Disease Features in Brazilian Children with HIV Infection before HAART Era

Abstract Background Chest computed tomography (CT) findings in well-treated people with HIV infection (PWH) remain poorly characterized. Methods Cross-sectional analysis examining interstitial chest CT findings in PWH (n = 754) and uninfected controls (n = 470). Results HIV infection was independently associated with 1.82 (95% CI, 1.18–2.88) and 5.15 (95% CI, 1.72–22.2) higher adjusted odds of any interstitial lung abnormality and findings suspicious for interstitial lung disease, respectively. Conclusions HIV infection was independently associated with interstitial lung abnormalities and findings suspicious for interstitial lung disease. Whether these abnormalities develop into more recognizable disease states over time is unknown but warrants further investigation.

Download Full-text

What a Differential a Virus Makes: A Practical Approach to Thoracic Imaging Findings in the Context of HIV Infection???Part 2, Extrapulmonary Findings, Chronic Lung Disease, and Immune Reconstitution Syndrome

American Journal of Roentgenology ◽

10.2214/ajr.11.8004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 198 (6) ◽

pp. 1305-1312 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

John P. Lichtenberger ◽

Amita Sharma ◽

Kimon C. Zachary ◽

Mayil S. Krishnam ◽

Reginald E. Greene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hiv Infection ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Chronic Lung Disease ◽

Immune Reconstitution ◽

Practical Approach ◽

Imaging Findings ◽

Immune Reconstitution Syndrome ◽

Thoracic Imaging

Download Full-text

Clinical profile and factors associated with COVID-19 in Yaounde, Cameroon: A prospective cohort study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0251504 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. e0251504

Author(s):

Nicole Fouda Mbarga ◽

Emilienne Epee ◽

Marcel Mbarga ◽

Patrick Ouamba ◽

Herwin Nanda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Respiratory Distress ◽

Lung Disease ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Prospective Cohort ◽

Age Groups ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Male Gender ◽

Factors Associated

Background A year after the COVID-19 pandemic started, there are still few scientific reports on COVID-19 in Africa. This study explores the clinical profiles and factors associated with COVID-19 in Cameroon. Materials and methods In this prospective cohort study, we followed patients admitted for suspicion of COVID-19 at Djoungolo Hospital between 01st April and 31st July 2020. Patients were categorised by age groups and disease severity: mild (symptomatic without clinical signs of pneumonia), moderate (with clinical signs of pneumonia without respiratory distress) and severe cases (clinical signs of pneumonia and respiratory distress not requiring invasive ventilation). Demographic information and clinical features were summarised. Multivariable analysis was performed to predict risk. Findings A total of 313 patients were admitted during the study period; 259 were confirmed cases of COVID-19 by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Among the confirmed cases, the male group aged 40 to 49 years (13.9%) was predominant. Disease severity ranged from mild (26.2%; n = 68) to moderate (59%; n = 153) to severe (14.7%; n = 38); the case fatality rate was 1% (n = 4). Dysgusia (46%; n = 119) and hyposmia/anosmia (37.8%; n = 98) were common features of COVID-19. Nearly one-third of patients had comorbidities (29%; n = 53), of which hypertension was the most common (18.9%; n = 49). Participation in mass gatherings (Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.37; P = 0.03) and dysgusia (OR = 2.09, P = 0.02) were predictive of diagnosis of COVID-19. Age groups 60 to 69 (OR = 7.41; P = 0.0001), 50 to 59 (OR = 4.09; P = 0.03), 40 to 49 (OR = 4.54; P = 0.01), male gender (OR = 2.53; P = 0.04), diabetes (OR = 4.05; P = 0.01), HIV infection (OR = 5.57; P = 0.03), lung disease (OR = 6.29; P = 0.01), dyspnoea (OR = 3.70; P = 0.008) and fatigue (OR = 3.35; P = 0.02) significantly predicted COVID-19 severity. Conclusions Most COVID-19 cases in this study were benign with low fatality. Age (40–70), male gender, HIV infection, lung disease, dyspnoea and fatigue are associated with severe COVID-19. Such findings may guide public health decision-making.

Download Full-text