scholarly journals Relationship of Native and Introduced Grasses With and Without Cattle in a Young Ponderosa Pine Plantation

2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Philip M. McDonald ◽  
Gary O. Fiddler
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Orchard Grass ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Native Plant Community ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract On an above-average site in northern California, an early shrub-forb-grass plant community was treated by artificially seeding two forage grass species at plantation age 3, cattle grazing with and without seeded grasses, and applying a soil-active chemical (Velpar). Planted ponderosa pines (Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa) were part of this community. Results for a 10 yr period (1988-1997) are presented for a native, naturally invading needlegrass (Achnatherum nelsonnii), introduced orchard grass (Dactylis glomerata) and introduced pubescent wheatgrass (Agropyron trichophorum). In general, all three grasses became established, grew well, and spread throughout the study area. Density of needlegrass was highest in the Velpar, fenced control, and grazed control treatments (more than 72,000 plants/ac). Orchard grass density was highest in the seeded and grazed and seeded and fenced treatments (more than 14,000 plants/ac) and relatively high in the Velpar treatment (8,400 plants/ac). Pubescent wheatgrass established well in both seeded treatments (more than 24,000 plants/ac) and spread best to the grazed control (6,950 plants/ac). Ecologically, the introduced grasses had no major effect on the native plant community, and, economically, their effect was positive, although minor. West. J. Appl. For. 17(1):31–36.

Effect of Aminopyralid on Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) and the Native Plant Community in a Restored Tallgrass Prairie

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis L. Almquist ◽  
Rodney G. Lym
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Native Plant Community ◽  
Restored Prairie

AbstractAminopyralid efficacy on Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) and potential to injure native species was evaluated in a restored prairie at the Glacial Ridge Preserve managed by The Nature Conservancy in Polk County, MN. Canada thistle stem density was reduced from 17 to 0.1 stems m−2 10 mo after treatment (MAT) with aminopyralid applied in the fall at 120 g ha−1. Aminopyralid also altered the composition of both Canada thistle–infested and native plant communities. Aminopyralid controlled Canada thistle and removed or reduced several undesirable forb species from the restored prairie communities, such as absinth wormwood (Artemisia absinthium) and perennial sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis). A number of high seral forbs were also reduced or removed by aminopyralid, including maximilian sunflower (Helianthus maximiliani) and purple prairie clover (Dalea purpurea). Foliar cover of high seral forbs in the native plant community was reduced from 12.2 to 7% 22 MAT. The cover of high seral grass species, such as big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) and Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) increased after aminopyralid application in both the Canada thistle–infested and native plant communities and averaged 41.4% cover compared with only 19.4% before removal of Canada thistle. Species richness, evenness, and diversity were reduced after aminopyralid application in both Canada thistle–infested and native plant communities. However, the benefits of Canada thistle control, removal of undesirable species, and the increase in native grass cover should lead to an overall improvement in the long-term stability and composition of the restored prairie plant community, which likely outweigh the short-term effects of a Canada thistle control program.

Fitness costs of butterfly oviposition on a lethal non-native plant in a mixed native and non-native plant community

Oecologia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mifuyu Nakajima ◽  
Carol L. Boggs ◽  
Sallie Bailey ◽  
Jennifer Reithel ◽  
Timothy Paape
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Native Plant Community

scholarly journals Native plant community recovery after Carpobrotus (ice plant) removal on an island — results of a 10‐year project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Buisson ◽  
Julie Braschi ◽  
Julie Chenot‐Lescure ◽  
Manon Célia Morgane Hess ◽  
Christel Vidaller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Ice Plant ◽  
Community Recovery ◽  
Native Plant Community ◽  
Plant Removal

Spacing and Shrub Competition Influence 20-Year Development of Planted Ponderosa Pine

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Nevada ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Tree Size ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Stand Development

Abstract Growth and stand development of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) were monitored for 20 years after planting at five different square spacings (6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 ft) in the presence or absence of competing shrubs on the westside Sierra Nevada. Mean tree size was positively correlated and stand values negatively correlated with spacing in the absence of competing shrubs. Trees growing with competing shrubs attained 76% of the diameter, 80% of the height, and 58% of the cubic volume of trees free of shrub competition when all spacings were combined. This study suggests that the major effect of shrub competition in ponderosa pine plantations on good sites is to lengthen the rotation. West. J. Appl. For. 5(3):79-82, July 1990.

scholarly journals Introduction to using native plant community on dredge material placement areas

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Bailey ◽  
Trudy Estes ◽  
Scott Bourne ◽  
Tosin Sekoni ◽  
David Price
Keyword(s):  
Plant Community ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Native Plant Community

scholarly journals Do No Harm: Efficacy of a Single Herbicide Application to Control an Invasive Shrub While Minimizing Collateral Damage to Native Species

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Gibson ◽  
Lindsay A. Shupert ◽  
Xian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Community ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Seed Addition ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Native Plant Community

Control of invasive exotic species in restorations without compromising the native plant community is a challenge. Efficacy of exotic species control needs to consider collateral effects on the associated plant community. We asked (1) if short-term control of a dominant exotic invasive, Lespedeza cuneata in grassland restorations allows establishment of a more diverse native plant community, and (2) if control of the exotic and supplemental seed addition allows establishment of native species. A manipulative experiment tested the effects of herbicide treatments (five triclopyr and fluroxypyr formulations plus an untreated control) and seed addition (and unseeded control) on taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity, and community composition of restored grasslands in three sites over three years. We assessed response of L. cuneata through stem density counts, and response of the plant community through estimates of canopy cover. Herbicide treatments reduced the abundance of the exotic in the first field season leading to a less dispersed community composition compared with untreated controls, with the exotic regaining dominance by the third year. Supplemental seed addition did not provide extra resistance of the native community to reinvasion of the exotic. The communities were phylogenetically over-dispersed, but there was a short-term shift to lower phylogenetic diversity in response to herbicides consistent with a decrease in biotic filtering. Native plant communities in these grassland restorations were resilient to short-term reduction in abundance of a dominant invasive even though it was insufficient to provide an establishment window for native species establishment.

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