Effect of a Mustard Green Manure on Potato Yield and Disease Incidence in a Rainfed Environment

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Sexton ◽  
Andrew Plant ◽  
Steven B. Johnson ◽  
John Jemison
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Mustard Green

scholarly journals Evaluation of Green Manure Amendments for the Management of Fusarium Basal Rot (Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.cepae) on Shallot

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assefa Sintayehu ◽  
Seid Ahmed ◽  
Chemeda Fininsa ◽  
P. K. Sakhuja
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Ethiopian Mustard ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Fusarium Basal Rot ◽  
Manure Amendments

Shallot (Allium cepaL. var.ascalonicum) is the most traditional vegetable crop in Ethiopia. Shallot is susceptible to a number of diseases that reduce yield and quality, among which fusarium basal rot (FBR) caused byFusarium oxysporumf.sp.cepae (Foc)is one of the most important yield limiting factors in Ethiopia. The present study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness ofBrassicacrops for the management of shallot FBR on shallot. The experiments were carried out at Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center using cabbage (Brassica oleracea), garden cress (Lepidium sativum), Ethiopia mustard (B. carinata), and rapeseed (B. napus). The evaluations were done underin vitroand greenhouse conditions. Underin vitrotest condition it was confirmed that extracts of Ethiopian mustard and rapeseed showed higher inhibition on the growth ofFocpathogen compared to control. Data on seedling emergence, plant height, plant stand, disease incidence, severity, cull bulbs, and bulb weight were collected in greenhouse experiment. The green manure amendments of rapeseed and Ethiopian mustard significantly reduced disease incidence by 21% and 30% and disease severity by 23% and 29%, respectively. However the plant emergency was not significantly different among treatments in greenhouse test. These results indicated that Ethiopian mustard and rapeseed crops have potential as green manure for the management of FBR disease of shallot crop.

Response of potato yield, soil chemical and microbial properties to different rotation sequences of green manure-potato cropping in North China

2022 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 105273
Author(s):  
Xiya Wang ◽  
Yu Duan ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Ignacio A. Ciampitti ◽  
Jiwen Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
North China ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Microbial Properties

Effect of mustard green manure and dried plant residue on chickpea wilt (Fusarium oxysporumf.sp.ciceris)

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 821-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merkuz Abera ◽  
Seid Ahmad ◽  
Chemeda Fininsa ◽  
Parshotam K. Sakhuja ◽  
Getachew Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Plant Residue ◽  
Chickpea Wilt ◽  
Mustard Green

scholarly journals Effect of Synthetic and Organic Soil Fertility Amendments on Southern Blight, Soil Microbial Communities, and Yield of Processing Tomatoes

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Bulluck ◽  
J. B. Ristaino
Keyword(s):  
Green Manure ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Bare Soil ◽  
Southern Blight ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Synthetic Fertilizers ◽  
Cotton Gin

Soil fertility amendments, including composted cotton-gin trash, swine manure, a rye-vetch green manure, or synthetic fertilizers, were applied to subplots and tillage on bare soil; or tillage followed by surface mulch with wheat straw were applied to main plots to determine the effect on the incidence of southern blight caused by Sclerotium rolfsii, yield of processing tomato, and soil microbial communities. The amendment-tillage interaction was significant in 1997 and disease incidence was 67% in tilled bare soil receiving synthetic fertilizers; whereas disease incidence was 3, 12, and 16% in surface-mulched plots amended with a composted cotton-gin trash, swine manure, or a rye-vetch green manure. The amendment effect was significant in 1998, and disease incidence was 61% in plots receiving synthetic fertilizer and was 23, 44, and 53% in plots receiving cotton-gin trash, swine manure, or rye-vetch green manure, respectively. In 1997, yields were highest in tilled surface-mulched plots amended with synthetic fertilizers, cotton-gin trash, or swine manure, respectively. In 1998, yields were low in all plots and there were no significant differences in yield due to treatment. Propagule densities of antagonistic soil fungi in the genus Trichoderma were highest in soils amended with composted cotton-gin trash or swine manure in both years. Propagule densities of fluorescent pseudomonads in soil were higher in plots amended with organic amendments than with synthetic fertilizers in both years. Propagules densities of enteric bacteria were elevated in soils amended with raw swine manure biosolids in both years. Our research indicates that some organic amendments, such as cotton-gin trash, reduced the incidence of southern blight in processing tomato and also enhanced populations of beneficial soil microbes.

Effect of Manure Application Timing on Potato Yield, Quality, and Disease Incidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 363-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan A. Curless ◽  
Keith A. Kelling ◽  
Phillip E. Speth ◽  
Walter R. Stevenson ◽  
R. Vaughan James
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Manure Application ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Yield Quality

scholarly journals Manure and Paper Mill Sludge Application Effects on Potato Yield, Nitrogen Efficiency and Disease Incidence

Agronomy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien N'Dayegamiye ◽  
Judith Nyiraneza ◽  
Marcel Giroux ◽  
Michèle Grenier ◽  
Anne Drapeau
Keyword(s):  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Efficiency ◽  
Paper Mill Sludge ◽  
Sludge Application

scholarly journals First Report of 16SrII-V Phytoplasma Associated with Green Manure Soybean (Glycine max L.) in Taiwan

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Jui Wang ◽  
yuanyu chien ◽  
Pei-Qing Liao ◽  
Yi-Ching Chiu ◽  
Yuh-Kun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Glycine Max L

QING PI DOU, a local variety of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) with small seed size, is primarily cultivated in the southern region of Taiwan. Due to the advantage of high germination rate, fast growth and high nitrogen fixation capacity, QING PI DOU has widely used as green manure in rotation with rice to increase soil fertility in Taiwan. In the summer of 2020, phytoplasma-induced disease symptoms were observed in QING PI DOU with 23% (18/78) disease incidence in Yunlin County, Taiwan. These plants exhibited severe disease symptoms such as little leaf, yellowing, phyllody, virescence, and witches' broom compared to healthy plants. Leaf samples of the symptomatic plants were subsequently collected and examined through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), PCR, and western blotting analyses. The ultrathin sections of the diseased QING PI DOU were double-stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate. The typical phytoplasma-like pleomorphic bodies were observed in sieve elements of leaf veins by TEM. To investigate the association of phytoplasma with the diseased QING PI DOU, total DNA extracted by the Plant Genomic DNA Purification Kit (DP022, Genemark, Taiwan) was examined by nested PCR using the phytoplasma universal primer pair P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 (Lee et al. 1993). The 1.2 kb PCR product specific for 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene was only amplified from symptomatic plants but not from healthy plants. BLAST analysis demonstrated that the sequence (accession no. MW393690) of amplified DNA fragment of 16S rRNA is identical to that of GenBank accession no. NZ_AMWZ01000008 (complement [31109 to 32640]) of peanut witches’ broom (PnWB) phytoplasma, a ‘Candidatus phytoplasma aurantifolia’-related strain (Firrao et al. 2004). Further analysis on the virtual RFLP pattern of MW393690 generated by iPhyClassifier confirmed that the phytoplasma identified in the diseased QING PI DOU can be classified into the 16SrII-V subgroup. Samples examined by nested PCR were further selected for total cell extracts preparation and characterized by western blotting using the polyclonal antibody raised against the immunodominant membrane protein (Imp) of PnWB phytoplasma (Chien et al. 2020). An expected signal of 19 kDa specific for Imp was only detected in symptomatic plants but not in healthy plants. Moreover, the PCR products encoding SAP11 and phyllogen, the virulence factors responsible for phytoplasma-induced witches' broom and phyllody symptoms (Namba 2019), were also amplified from symptomatic QING PI DOU by PCR using the primer pairs 5’-ATGGCTCCCGAAAAAAATGATAAAGG-3’/5’-TTTTTTAGAATCATCAGGCTTTTTAG-3’ (0.28 kb) and 5’-ATGGATCCAAAACTTCCAGAAACT-3’/5’-GTTTTTTTCATCATTTAAATCAT-3’ (0.27 kb), respectively. Further analysis by BLAST revealed that SAP11 and phyllogen identified in symptomatic QING PI DOU are identical with those of PnWB phytoplasma. To the best of our knowledge, this report is the first to describe phytoplasma-associated soybean (Glycine max L.) witches’ broom disease in green manure soybean in Taiwan.

scholarly journals Red scarlett potato yield when using elements of a biological agriculture system on gray forest soil of the middle Volga region forest steppe

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00021
Author(s):  
Konstantin V. Vladimirov ◽  
Anna N. Kshnikatkina ◽  
Vladimir P. Vladimirov ◽  
Antonina A. Mostyakova
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Gray Forest Soil ◽  
Potato Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Fertilizer System

The features of the formation of productivity of potatoes of the Red Scarlett variety were studied during cultivation against the background of applying different combinations of organic, mineral, sideral fertilizers and straw in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Middle Volga. The studies were carried out in the field experiment in 2014–2016 on gray forest soil with medium loam particle size distribution, on the experimental field of the Department of Plant Growing and Horticulture at KSAU. The humus content in the soil of the experimental plot was 3.48-3.65 % (according to Tyurin), labile phosphorus amounted to 128-135, exchange potassium amounted to 152–165 mg/kg of soil (according to Kirsanov), pH of the salt extract was 5.5-5.6. The experiments were performed on eight grounds with mineral nutrition. The potato yield in the reference ground due to natural fertility was 18.26 t/ha. Separate application of mineral fertilizers in a dose of N60P60K90 over an average of three years increased the tuber yield as compared to the reference of 10.19 ha, while the introduction of 60 t/ha of manure increased the yield by 8.95 t/ha. Using a traditional fertilizer system (N60P60K90 + 60 t of manure), the yield was 34.95 t/ha. As a result of the transition to the biological fertilizer system (background + green manure + straw), the yield increased to 36.26 t/ha, which is 1.31 t/ha higher compared to the traditional fertilizer system. On average, over 3 years, the maximum tuber yield of 37.48 t/ha was obtained by applying mineral and organic fertilizers, as well as straw. Sidereal fertilizers and straw provided an increase in the yield of tubers of 7.81 t/ha. The best results for the dry matter content (22.05 %) and starch (16.04 %) were demonstrated by tubers from the reference variant. More protein (2.95 %) and vitamin C (21.24 mg %) contained in tubers from the variant when mineral fertilizers were applied in a dose (N60P60K90-background) + green manure + straw.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document