scholarly journals Temporal and Spatial Appearance of Recombinant Viruses Formed Between Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) and CaMV Sequences Present in Transgenic Nicotiana bigelovii

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorant Király ◽  
June E. Bourque ◽  
James E. Schoelz
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Recombinant Viruses ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Nicotiana Bigelovii ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Symptom Type

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) strain CM1841 is able to recombine with a CaMV transgene sequence present in Nicotiana bigelovii. In the present study we have characterized the temporal and spatial appearance of recombinant viruses formed between CM1841 and the transgene within individual transgenic plants. CM1841 infections were initiated by mechanical inoculation and by agro-inoculation to nontransformed N. bigelovii and transgenic N. bigelovii that expressed the gene VI product of CaMV strain D4. In agroinoculated transgenic plants, inoculated leaf tissue turned necrotic around the point of agroinocu-lation, while chlorotic lesions appeared in the leaves inoculated with CM1841 virions. The first systemic symptoms in both agroinoculated and mechanically inoculated transgenic N. bigelovii consisted of necrotic patches. The predominant type of virus recovered from the inoculated and first systemically infected leaves was the wild-type CM1841 rather than a recombinant. As the infection progressed in the transgenic plants, symptoms changed from necrosis in the lower leaves to a chlorotic mosaic in the upper leaves. This shift in symptom type was associated with the recovery of recombinant viruses, indicating that the recombinants predominated only in later stages of pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Lower temperature influences Cauliflower mosaic virus systemic infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Alers-Velazquez ◽  
Sushant Khandekar ◽  
Clare Muller ◽  
Jennifer Boldt ◽  
Scott Leisner
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Virus Particle ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Particle Release ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Temperature Exposure

AbstractLower temperatures delayed development of systemic symptoms by Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) in two different plant hosts. However, lower temperature exposure increased CaMV nucleic acid levels in leaves of systemically-infected turnips. Furthermore, lower temperature altered the formation of aggregates formed by the CaMV major inclusion body (IB) protein, P6. Finally, lower temperature altered the architecture of the actin cytoskeleton. These data may suggest that lower temperatures alter the actin cytoskeleton, facilitating the formation of larger IBs that hold on to their internal virions more strongly than small ones, impairing virus particle release and causing a delay in systemic infection.

scholarly journals Altered Patterns of Gene Expression in Arabidopsis Elicited by Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) Infection and by a CaMV Gene VI Transgene

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Geri ◽  
Edi Cecchini ◽  
Maria E. Giannakou ◽  
Simon N. Covey ◽  
Joel J. Milner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Slot Blot Hybridization ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) gene VI protein (P6) is an important determinant of symptom expression. Differential display polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify changes in gene expression in Arabidopsis elicited by a P6 transgene that causes a symptomatic phenotype. We used slot blot hybridization to measure the abundance of mRNAs complementary to 66 candidate PCR products in transgenic, CaMV-infected, and uninfected Arabidopsis plants. CaMV-infected and P6 transgenic plants showed broadly similar changes in abundance of mRNA species. In P6 transgenic plants we detected 18 PCR products that showed unambiguous changes in abundance plus another 15 that showed more limited changes (approximately twofold). CaMV-infected plants showed 17 unambiguous and 13 limited changes. Down-regulated species include those encoding a novel, phenol-like sulfotransferase, and a glycine-rich, RNA-binding protein. Up-regulated species included ones encoding an myb protein, glycine-rich and stress-inducible proteins, and a member of a previously unreported gene family. CaMV infection causes alterations in expression of many Arabidopsis genes. Transgene-mediated expression of P6 mimics virus infection in its effect on host gene expression, providing a potential mechanism for this process.

scholarly journals Production of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Virus-Like Particles in Transgenic Plants

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (17) ◽  
pp. 9211-9220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophia Biemelt ◽  
Uwe Sonnewald ◽  
Petra Galmbacher ◽  
Lothar Willmitzer ◽  
Martin Müller
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Transgenic Tobacco ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
L1 Protein

ABSTRACT Cervical cancer is linked to infection with human papillomaviruses (HPV) and is the third most common cancer among women worldwide. There is a strong demand for the development of an HPV preventive vaccine. Transgenic plants expressing the HPV major capsid protein L1 could be a system to produce virus-like particles for prophylactic vaccination or could even be used as edible vaccines to induce an L1-specific prophylactic immune response. Here, we describe the generation of transgenic tobacco and potato plants carrying the HPV type 16 major structural gene L1 under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. All attempts to express either the original, unmodified L1 gene or an L1 gene with a codon usage optimized for expression in plants failed. Surprisingly, small amounts of the protein were detected using an L1 gene optimized for expression in human cells. However, Northern blot analysis revealed that most of the L1 transcripts were degraded. Introduction of the translational enhancer Ω derived from the tobacco mosaic virus strongly increased transcript stability and resulted in accumulation of L1 protein to approximately 0.5 to 0.2% of total soluble protein in transgenic tobacco and potato plants, respectively. The plant-derived L1 protein displayed conformation-specific epitopes and assembled into virus-like particles. Furthermore, we did not find any indications of protein modification of the L1 protein produced in plants. Plant-derived L1 was as immunogenic as L1 expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells. Feeding of tubers from transgenic potatoes to mice induced an anti-L1 antibody response in 3 out of 24 mice, although this response was only transient in two of the mice. Our data, however, indicate that an anti-L1 response was primed in about half of the 24 animals.

scholarly journals Deep Sequencing of Recombinant Virus Populations in Transgenic and Nontransgenic Plants Infected with Cucumber mosaic virus

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Morroni ◽  
Mireille Jacquemond ◽  
Mark Tepfer
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Recombinant Viruses ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Large Deletions ◽  
Cp Gene ◽  
Viral Sequences ◽  
Virus Variability

Recombination is a major source of virus variability, and the question of whether novel recombinant viruses would emerge in transgenic plants expressing viral sequences has been a biosafety issue. We describe the results of pyrosequencing the recombinant viral RNAs appearing in transgenic plants expressing the coat protein (CP) gene and 3′ noncoding region of Cucumber mosaic virus RNA3, as well as in nontransgenic controls. The populations of recombinants in both transgenic and nontransgenic plants were similar to those previously described from Sanger sequencing but many more recombinant types were observed, including a novel class of large deletions removing all or nearly the entire CP gene. These results show that populations of recombinant viral genomes arising de novo can be characterized in detail by pyrosequencing, and confirm that the transgenic plants did not harbor novel recombinants of biosafety concern.

scholarly journals Involvement of Beet western yellows virus, Cauliflower mosaic virus, and Turnip mosaic virus in Internal Disorders of Stored White Cabbage

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 816-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Hunter ◽  
J. E. Jones ◽  
J. A. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Turnip Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Beet Western Yellows Virus ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Necrotic Spots ◽  
Internal Necrosis

Experiments over two growing seasons clearly showed that Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) infection was associated with internal necrosis (sunken necrotic spots 5 to 10 mm in diameter) and Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) infection was associated with collapse of leaf tissue at the margins (tipburn) in heads of stored white cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata). Virtually no tipburn was seen in cv. Polinius, whereas cv. Impala was affected severely. Internal necrotic spots were seen in both cultivars. BWYV appeared to interact with TuMV. Plants infected with both viruses showed a lower incidence of external symptoms and had less internal necrosis than plants infected with TuMV alone. Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) did not induce significant amounts of internal necrosis or tipburn, but did, in most cases, exacerbate symptoms caused by TuMV and BWYV. BWYV-induced tipburn worsened significantly during storage. Post-transplanting inoculation with TuMV induced more internal necrosis than pre-transplant inoculation. There was a significant association between detection of TuMV just prior to harvest and subsequent development of internal necrotic spots. Individually, all three viruses significantly reduced the yield of cv. Polinius, whereas only BWYV and CaMV treatments reduced the yield of cv. Impala.

scholarly journals Comparison of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S and nopaline synthase promoters in transgenic plants

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1543-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Sanders ◽  
J.A. Winter ◽  
A.R. Barnason ◽  
S.G. Rogers ◽  
R.T. Fraley
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus 35S

scholarly journals Differential Induction of Symptoms in Arabidopsis by P6 of Cauliflower mosaic virus

2003 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weichang Yu ◽  
Jane Murfett ◽  
James E. Schoelz
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Cauliflower Mosaic Virus ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Complementation Assay ◽  
Unusual Variant ◽  
A Minor

The gene VI protein (P6) of Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) functions as a virulence factor in crucifers by eliciting chlorotic symptoms in infected plants. The ability to induce chlorosis has been associated previously with P6 through gene-swapping experiments between strains and through the development of transgenic plants that express P6. The primary role that has been identified for P6 in the CaMV infection cycle is to modify the host translation machinery to facilitate the translation of the polycistronic CaMV 35S RNA. This function for P6 has been designated as the translational transactivator (TAV) function. In the present study, we have characterized an unusual variant of P6, derived from CaMV strain D4, that does not induce chlorosis upon transformation into Arabidopsis thaliana. The level of D4 P6 produced in transgenic Arabidopsis line D4-2 was comparable to the amount found in transgenic plants homozygous for W260 and CM1841 P6, two versions of P6 that induce strong chlorotic symptoms and stunting in Arabidopsis. A complementation assay proved that P6 expressed in the D4-2 line was functional, as it could support the systemic infection of a CM1841 mutant that contained a lethal frame-shift mutation within gene VI. This complementation assay allowed us to separately assess the contribution of CM1841 gene VI to symptom development versus the contribution of other CM1841 genes. Furthermore, a previous study had shown that the TAV activity of D4 P6 was comparable to that of W260 P6. That comparative analysis of TAV function, coupled with the characterization of the D4-2 transgenic line in the present paper, indicates that the TAV function of P6 may play only a minor role in the development of chlorotic symptoms.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document