Management of septoria tritici blotch using cultivar mixtures

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Kristoffersen ◽  
Lars Bonde Eriksen ◽  
Ghita Cordsen Nielsen ◽  
Johannes Ravn Jørgensen ◽  
Lise Nistrup Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
Cultivar Mixture ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures ◽  
Ipm Strategy

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is among the most devastating diseases in European wheat production. In recent years, there has been increased interest in using cultivar mixtures as part of an integrated control strategy against diseases. This study investigated different cultivar mixtures for their ability to control STB across three years and at seven trial sites in Denmark with a range of fungicide strategies, yielding a total of 194 individual cultivar mixture combinations. The mixtures were composed of two, three or four cultivars which were either similar or contrasting in their susceptibility to STB. Across all trials, the cultivar mixtures reduced disease severity significantly, by 14% compared to the component cultivars grown in monoculture. The reductions were larger when the disease pressure was high and when the mixtures included more cultivars. Mixtures composed of four cultivars reduced disease severity significantly, by 24%. Across all trials, cultivar mixtures significantly increased yield by 2% compared to the component cultivars grown in monoculture. The yield increase was significant for plots treated with one or two fungicide applications, and cultivar mixtures increased yield significantly, by 4.4% in untreated plots. The yield increase was smaller for mixtures with a high proportion of resistant cultivars. Based on the results from this study, cultivar mixtures can contribute positively to an IPM strategy, by reducing disease severity for STB and increasing yield. The most pronounced benefits from cultivar mixtures were found in fields with moderate to low fungicide input, under conditions with high disease pressure, when combining four cultivars with varying susceptibilities.

Protective effects of a wheat cultivar mixture against splash-dispersed septoria tritici blotch epidemics

2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gigot ◽  
S. Saint-Jean ◽  
L. Huber ◽  
C. Maumené ◽  
M. Leconte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cultivar Mixture

scholarly journals Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ben M’Barek ◽  
P. Karisto ◽  
W. Abdedayem ◽  
M. Laribi ◽  
M. Fakhfakh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Resistant Cultivar ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures

AbstractMixtures of cultivars with contrasting levels of resistance can suppress infectious diseases in wheat, as demonstrated in numerous field experiments. Most studies focused on airborne pathogens in bread wheat, while splash-dispersed pathogens have received less attention, and no studies have been conducted in durum wheat. We conducted a two-year field experiment in Tunisia, to evaluate the performance of cultivar mixtures with varying proportions of resistance (0–100%) in controlling the polycyclic, splash-dispersed disease Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in durum wheat. To measure STB severity, we used a high-throughput method based on digital image analysis of 3074 infected leaves collected from 42 and 40 experimental plots during the first and second years, respectively. This allowed us to quantify pathogen reproduction on wheat leaves and to acquire a large dataset that exceeds previous studies with respect to accuracy and precision. Our analyses show that introducing only 25% of a disease-resistant cultivar into a pure stand of a susceptible cultivar provides a substantial reduction of almost 50% in disease severity compared to the susceptible pure stand. However, comprising the resistant component of two cultivars instead of one did not further improve disease control, contrary to predictions of epidemiological theory. Susceptible cultivars can be agronomically superior to resistant cultivars or be better accepted by growers for other reasons. Hence, if mixtures with only a moderate proportion of the resistant cultivar provide a similar degree of disease control as resistant pure stands, as our analysis indicates, such mixtures are more likely to be accepted by growers.

scholarly journals Control of Septoria tritici blotch by winter wheat cultivar mixtures: Meta-analysis of 19 years of cultivar trials

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Kristoffersen ◽  
Lise Nistrup Jørgensen ◽  
Lars Bonde Eriksen ◽  
Ghita Cordsen Nielsen ◽  
Lars Pødenphant Kiær
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures ◽  
Better Than

AbstractWheat is the most commonly grown cereal crop in Europe and in major parts the most yield limiting disease is Septoria tritici blotch (STB). Currently, the control of the disease depends on cultivar resistance and significant input of fungicides. The impact of using mixtures of elite cultivars as an alternative was investigated through a meta-analysis based on trial data from the Danish national cultivar testing. The cultivar testing includes a four-way cultivar mixture every year and in these trials STB severity and yield have been monitored at multiple locations between 1995 and 2017. Results from 19 years of cultivar testing trials provided a data set for 406 trials from which the effect of mixtures was evaluated. The meta-analysis revealed that cultivar mixtures reduced STB severity with 10.6% and increased yields with 1.4% across all trials. The effects were greatest in untreated trials where STB severity was reduced with 17% and yields increased with 2.4%. The mixtures did not only perform better than the average of their component cultivars grown as pure stand, they also performed better than the average of the four most grown cultivars in a given year. No relationship was found between disease pressure or location and the performance of the mixtures. The mixtures included in the cultivar testing were not designed to control STB and the results are therefore perceived as a baseline to the attainable disease control from mixtures. The use of cultivar mixtures is relevant for low input farming systems, but can also contribute to disease control in intensive farming systems. Cultivar mixtures have the potential to minimise dependency on fungicides as an important element in integrated pest management.

scholarly journals Improved control of septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (9) ◽  
pp. 1655-1665
Author(s):  
Sarrah Ben M'Barek ◽  
Petteri Karisto ◽  
Wided Abdedayem ◽  
Marwa Laribi ◽  
Moez Fakhfakh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures

scholarly journals The effect of fungicide dose rate and mixtures on Zymoseptoria tritici in two cultivars of autumn sown wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 420-427
Author(s):  
J.B. Drummond ◽  
R.A. Craigie ◽  
M. Braithwaite ◽  
A.T. Gillum ◽  
B.L. McCloy
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogen ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Fixed Rate ◽  
Disease Pressure ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor ◽  
Demethylation Inhibitor

In the 201213 and 201314 seasons septoria tritici blotch (STB) caused by the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici was poorly controlled in autumn sown wheat in Canterbury In 201415 a low disease pressure season three trials were conducted to define the protectant and curative properties of two applications of triazole demethylation inhibitor inhibitor (DMI) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides for the control of STB at growth stage 31 and 39 on two cultivars of autumn sown wheat The protectant activity of triazole and SDHI fungicides was more effective on the flag leaf than the curative activity on leaf two The addition of an SDHI to a 75 fixed rate of triazole was more effective at controlling STB infection than triazoles alone The addition of SDHI fungicides also significantly increased yield The highest mean yields were achieved with the addition of a third application at GS65

scholarly journals Control of Septoria tritici blotch by winter wheat cultivar mixtures: Meta-analysis of 19 years of cultivar trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 107696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Kristoffersen ◽  
Lise Nistrup Jørgensen ◽  
Lars Bonde Eriksen ◽  
Ghita Cordsen Nielsen ◽  
Lars Pødenphant Kiær
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivar ◽  
Cultivar Mixtures

scholarly journals Temporal Changes in Sensitivity of Zymoseptoria tritici Field Populations to Different Fungicidal Modes of Action

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Tim Birr ◽  
Mario Hasler ◽  
Joseph-Alexander Verreet ◽  
Holger Klink
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Cultivation ◽  
Dmi Fungicides ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
Disease Pressure

Septoria tritici blotch (STB; Zymoseptoria tritici), one of the most important foliar diseases in wheat, is mainly controlled by the intensive use of fungicides during crop growth. Unfortunately, Z. tritici field populations have developed various extents of resistance to different groups of fungicides. Due to the complete resistance to quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs), fungicidal control of STB relies mainly on demethylation inhibitors (DMIs) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) as well as multi-site inhibitors. In this study, temporal changes in the sensitivity of Z. tritici to selected DMIs (tebuconazole, propiconazole, prothioconazole, prochloraz), SDHIs (boscalid, bixafen), and multi-site inhibitors (chlorothalonil, folpet) were determined in microtiter assays using Z. tritici field populations isolated in 1999, 2009, 2014, and 2020 in a high-disease-pressure and high-fungicide-input area in Northern Germany. For the four tested DMI fungicides, a significant shift towards decreasing sensitivity of Z. tritici field populations was observed between 1999 and 2009, whereby concentrations inhibiting fungal growth by 50% (EC50) increased differentially between the four DMIs. Since 2009, EC50 values of tebuconazole, propiconazole, and prochloraz remain stable, whereas for prothioconazole a slightly increased sensitivity shift was found. A shift in sensitivity of Z. tritici was also determined for both tested SDHI fungicides. In contrast to DMIs, EC50 values of boscalid and bixafen increased continuously between 1999 and 2020, but the increasing EC50 values were much smaller compared to those of the four tested DMIs. No changes in sensitivity of Z. tritici were observed for the multi-site inhibitors chlorothalonil and folpet over the last 21 years. The sensitivity adaptation of Z. tritici to both groups of single-site inhibitors (DMIs, SDHIs) mainly used for STB control represents a major challenge for future wheat cultivation.

scholarly journals QTL Mapping of Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Septoria Tritici Blotch in Winter Wheat cv. Mandub (Triticum aestivum L.)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1108
Author(s):  
Dominika Piaskowska ◽  
Urszula Piechota ◽  
Magdalena Radecka-Janusik ◽  
Paweł Czembor
Keyword(s):  
Mapping Population ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Resistance Locus ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Plant Stage

Septoria tritici blotch (STB) is one of the most devastating foliar diseases of wheat worldwide. Host resistance is the most economical and safest method of controlling the disease, and information on resistance loci is crucial for effective breeding for resistance programs. In this study we used a mapping population consisting of 126 doubled-haploid lines developed from a cross between the resistant cultivar Mandub and the susceptible cultivar Begra. Three monopycnidiospore isolates of Z. tritici with diverse pathogenicity were used to test the mapping population and parents’ STB resistance at the seedling stage (under a controlled environment) and adult plant stage (polytunnel). For both types of environments, the percentage leaf area covered by necrosis (NEC) and pycnidia (PYC) was determined. A linkage map comprising 5899 DArTSNP and silicoDArT markers was used for the quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis. The analysis showed five resistance loci on chromosomes 1B, 2B and 5B, four of which were derived from cv. Mandub. The location of QTL detected in our study on chromosomes 1B and 5B may suggest a possible identity or close linkage with Stb2/Stb11/StbWW and Stb1 loci, respectively. QStb.ihar-2B.4 and QStb.ihar-2B.5 detected on chromosome 2B do not co-localize with any known Stb genes. QStb.ihar-2B.4 seems to be a new resistance locus with a moderate effect (explaining 29.3% of NEC and 31.4% of PYC), conferring resistance at the seedling stage. The phenotypic variance explained by QTL detected in cv. Mandub ranged from 11.9% to 70.0%, thus proving that it is a good STB resistance source and can potentially be utilized in breeding programs.

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