Antifungal Activity of Plant Derived Essential Oils on Pathogens of Pulse Crops

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lipi P Parikh ◽  
Bright Agindotan ◽  
Mary Eileen Burrows
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽  
Pulse Crops ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Petri Plate ◽  
Animal Consumption

Pulse crops such as chickpeas, lentils, and dry peas are grown widely for human and animal consumption. Major yield and quality limiting constraints include diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes. The environmental and health concerns of synthetic fungicides use for disease management, emergence of fungicide-resistant pathogens, and demand for organic pulse crop products necessitate the search for effective alternatives. Safe and environmentally friendly plant-derived essential oils (EOs) have been reported effective against some pathogenic fungi. Growth on EO amended growth medium and an inverted Petri-plate assay were used to determine the effects of 38 oils and their volatiles on mycelial growth and spore germination of important pathogenic fungi and oomycetes: Aphanomyces euteiches, Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum lentis, Didymella pisi, D. rabiei, D. lentis, Fusarium avenaceum, Stemphylium beticola, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Pythium sylvaticum. Palmarosa, oregano, clove, cinnamon, lemongrass, citronella, and thyme oils incorporated in media inhibited mycelial growth of all the pathogens by 100% at 1:1,000 to 1:4,000 dilution. In addition, thyme oil (1:500 dilution) showed complete inhibition of conidial germination (0% germination) of F. avenaceum, and D. pisi. All the seven EO volatiles inhibited mycelial growth of all pathogens by 50 to 100% except for B. cinerea and S. sclerotiorum. Essential oil effects on mycelial growth were fungistatic, fungicidal or both and varied by E. Essential oils show potential for management of major crop diseases in organic and conventional production systems.

Essential Tea Tree Oil As a Tool to Combat Black Sigatoka in Banana

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moshe Reuveni ◽  
Marcel Barbier ◽  
Agnelo J. Viti
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Tea Tree Oil ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Black Sigatoka ◽  
Tea Tree ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Black Sigatoka Disease

Black Sigatoka disease, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis, is considered the most damaging and costly disease of commercial banana and plantain and is mainly controlled by intensive sprays of synthetic fungicides. Essential tea tree oil derived from Melaleuca alternifolia plant was found to be effective against a wide range of plant pathogenic fungi including black Sigatoka in conventional production systems and was as effective as synthetic fungicides such as tridemorph, difenoconazole, trifloxystrobin and azoxystrobin. This paper provides evidence that tea tree oil offers an attractive alternative for controlling black Sigatoka in banana plantations.

Effect of conventional and organic production systems on the yield and quality of field tomato cultivars grown in Tunisia

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (13) ◽  
pp. 2275-2282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anissa Riahi ◽  
Chafik Hdider ◽  
Mustapha Sanaa ◽  
Néji Tarchoun ◽  
Mohamed Ben Kheder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

scholarly journals Viability of a prediction system for tomato late blight in the integrated production of tomato in Caçador, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter F Becker ◽  
Siegfried Mueller ◽  
Janaína P dos Santos ◽  
Anderson Fernando Wamser ◽  
Atsuo Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Prediction System ◽  
Alert System ◽  
Integrated Production ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Conventional Production

An alert system for tomato late blight was validated in an Integrated Production System (IP) in the 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 season in Caçador, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The late blight is a destructive disease and demands 25 or more fungicide sprayings per season in a Conventional Production (CP) System. For the CP area, the chemical control was according to the growers' production systems and consisted of weekly sprays soon after planting. For the IP area, the criterion for the first fungicide spray was according to Machardy (1972) and for subsequent ones according to Wallin (1962), when the disease severity values (DSV) reached eight points. There was a decrease on the fungicide application in the IP, not only in the number of fungicide sprays (23-28%) but also in the amount of active ingredient (34.5-60.9%). Fungicides classified as highly toxic (class I) were not used in IP. There were no significant differences among the use of alert system on IP and the weekly schedules on CP with regard to final disease severity in the 2006-2007 season, but it was significantly lower in the second trial on plants for IP area. The IP system significantly increased tomato yield (7.6-25.5%) compared with CP system and reduced fungicide cost up to US$539/ha. The use of alert system could be a valuable and affordable tool in managing tomato late blight in Integrated Production of tomatoes in Caçador.

scholarly journals BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM DAIRY CATTLE MANURE, UNDER ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila F. Matos ◽  
Juliana L. Paes ◽  
Érika F. M. Pinheiro ◽  
David V. B. De Campos
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cattle Manure ◽  
Conventional Production

scholarly journals Potential of essential oils for the control of brown eye spot in coffee plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Borges Pereira ◽  
Gilvaine Ciavareli Lucas ◽  
Fabiano José Perina ◽  
Mário Lúcio Vilela de Resende ◽  
Eduardo Alves
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Conidia Germination ◽  
Lemon Grass ◽  
Vitro Effect ◽  
Brown Eye Spot ◽  
Scanning Electron

The objectives of this work were to assess the in vitro effect of essential oils extracted from cinnamon, citronella, lemon grass, India clove, tea tree, thyme, neem and eucalyptus on the conidia germination and on mycelial growth of Cercospora coffeicola, and their efficacy to control the brown eye spot in coffee seedlings (cultivars Catucaí 2SL, Catuaí IAC 62 and Mundo Novo 379/19) in a greenhouse, as well as their effects on the initial germination and infection events by scanning electron microscopy. All essential oils promoted the inhibition of conidia germination with increasing concentrations. India clove, cinnamon, neem, thyme and lemon grass oils inhibited the mycelial growth of C. coffeicola. The cinnamon and citronella oils were the most promising for brown eye spot control in all cultivars. In scanning electron microscopy, the cinnamon and citronella oils reduced germination and mycelial development of C. coffeicola in vivo, eight and 16 hours after inoculation, promoting, in some cases, the leakage of the cellular content. Essential oils of cinnamon and citronella reduced the incidence and severity of brown eye spot, in addition to presenting direct toxicity to the pathogen.

scholarly journals Stimulatory Effects of Sublethal Doses of Dimethachlon on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
pp. 1364-1370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Hong-Jie Liang ◽  
Ya-Li Di ◽  
Hong You ◽  
Fu-Xing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Sublethal Doses ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogens ◽  
Plant Disease Management

Growth and virulence stimulations of sublethal doses of fungicides on plant-pathogenic fungi and oomycetes have been reported and the stimulatory effects are potentially relevant to plant disease management. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the most devastating and economically important necrotrophic fungal phytopathogens, capable of infecting more than 400 species of plants worldwide. In order to study stimulatory effects of sublethal doses of fungicides on S. sclerotiorum, 55 dimethachlon-sensitive isolates and 3 dimethachlon-resistant isolates of S. sclerotiorum were assayed to determine effects of sublethal doses of dimethachlon on mycelial growth rate on potato dextrose agar (PDA) media and virulence on oilseed rape plants. Results showed that all 3 dimethachlon-resistant isolates and 13 of the 55 sensitive isolates exhibited stimulatory responses to sublethal doses of dimethachlon. Dimethachlon-resistant isolates grew significantly (P < 0.05) faster on PDA media amended with dimethachlon at 0.5 to 4 μg/ml than on fungicide-free PDA media. As for virulence on detached leaves of oilseed rape plants, lesion diameters of dimethachlon-resistant isolates after growth on PDA media amended with dimethachlon at 0.5 to 2 μg/ml were significantly larger (P < 0.05) than the control. The maximum stimulatory effects were 42.40 to 59.80%. In pot experiments, for both dimethachlon-sensitive and -resistant isolates, significant (P < 0.05) virulence stimulations were observed after spraying with dimethachlon at a concentration of 2 μg/ml. After growing on dimethachlon-amended PDA media, H2O2 sensitivity of S. sclerotiorum decreased significantly (P < 0.05) compared with the nonamended PDA control.

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