Natural Infection Rate of Known Tomato Chlorosis Virus-Susceptible Hosts and the Influence of the Host Plant on the Virus Relationship With Bemisia tabaci MEAM1

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Esquivel-Fariña ◽  
Jorge Alberto Marques Rezende ◽  
William M. Wintermantel ◽  
Laura Jenkins Hladky ◽  
Daiana Bampi
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
External Sources ◽  
Tomato Chlorosis Virus

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV; genus Crinivirus, family Closteroviridae) was identified in tomato crops in the state of São Paulo, Brazil in 2006. Management strategies to control external sources of inoculum are necessary, because chemical control of the whitefly vector Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 has not efficiently prevented virus infections and no commercial tomato cultivars or hybrids are resistant to this crinivirus. We first evaluated the natural infection rate of some known wild and cultivated ToCV-susceptible hosts and their attractiveness for B. tabaci MEAM1 oviposition. Physalis angulata was the most susceptible to natural infection in all six exposures in 2018 and 2019. No plants of Capsicum annuum (cv. Dahra) or Chenopodium album became infected. Solanum melongena (cv. Napoli) had only two infected plants of 60 exposed. C. annuum and C. album were the least preferred, and Nicotiana tabacum and S. melongena were the most preferred for whitefly oviposition. In addition, from 2016 to 2019, we surveyed different tomato crops and the surrounding vegetation to identify ToCV in weeds and cultivated plants in the region of Sumaré, São Paulo state. Only Solanum americanum, vila vila (S. sisymbriifolium) and C. album were found naturally infected, with incidences of 18%, 20% and 1.4%, respectively. Finally, we estimated the ToCV titer (isolates ToCV-FL, USA and ToCV-SP, Brazil) by RT-qPCR in different ToCV-susceptible host plants and evaluated the relationship between virus acquisition and transmission by B. tabaci MEAM1. The results clearly showed significant differences in ToCV concentrations in the tissues of ToCV-susceptible host plants, which appeared to be influenced by the virus isolate. The concentration of the virus in plant tissues, in turn, directly influenced the ToCV-B. tabaci MEAM1 relationship and subsequent transmission to tomato plants. To minimize or prevent the damage from the tomato yellowing disease through management of external sources of ToCV, it is necessary to correctly identify the potentially important ToCV-susceptible hosts in the vicinity of new plantings.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurício Orlando Wilmsen ◽  
Bruna Fernanda Silva ◽  
César Cristiano Bassetto ◽  
Alessandro Francisco Talamini do Amarante
Keyword(s):  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Mean Intensity ◽  
Oesophagostomum Columbianum ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In Parenthesis

Gastrointestinal nematode infections were evaluated in sheep raised in Botucatu, state of São Paulo, Brazil between April 2008 and March 2011. Every month, two tracer lambs grazing with a flock of sheep were exposed to natural infection with gastrointestinal nematodes for 28 consecutive days. At the end of this period, the lambs were sacrificed for worm counts. Haemonchus contortus presented 100% of prevalence. The seasons exerted no significant influence on the mean intensity of H. contortus, which ranged from 315 worms in November 2010 to 2,5205 worms in January 2011. The prevalence of Trichostrongylus colubriformis was also 100%, with the lowest mean intensity (15 worms) recorded in February 2011 and the highest (9,760 worms) in October 2009. In the case of T. colubriformis, a significant correlation coefficient was found between worm counts vs. rainfall (r = −0.32; P <0.05). Three other nematodes species were found in tracer lambs, albeit in small numbers. Their prevalence and mean intensity (in parenthesis) were as follows: Oesophagostomum columbianum 28% (25.2), Cooperia curticei 7% (4.5) and Trichuris spp. 2% (1). In conclusion, the environmental conditions of the area proved to be highly favorable for the year-round transmission of H. contortus and T. colubriformis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the infection rate of implants used for breast reconstruction at the Cancer Institute of the State of São Paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRÍCIA NORONHA DE ALMEIDA ◽  
EDUARDO GUSTAVO PIRES DE ARRUDA ◽  
ALBERTO OKADA ◽  
EDUARDO MONTAG ◽  
MARCUS CASTRO FERREIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo

scholarly journals Characterization of insect galls from a vegetation area in Altinópolis, São Paulo State, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. e20195904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Das Neves Ribeiro ◽  
Maria Isabel Protti de Andrade Balbi ◽  
Maria Virginia Urso-Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Insect Galls ◽  
Host Plant Species ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
São Paulo State

Herein, we studied the occurrence of insect galls from natural vegetation around the Itambé Cave, Altinópolis, SP, Brazil. A sampling effort of 7.5 hours resulted in 41 gall morphotypes on 21 host plant species from 14 families. The richest families of host plants in morphotypes were Fabaceae (N = 11), Euphorbiaceae (N = 7), and Malpighiaceae (N = 5). Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. (N = 8), Croton floribundus Spreng. (N = 7), Diplopterys pubipetala (A. Juss.) W.R. Anderson & C.C. Davis (N = 5), and Bauhinia holophylla (Bong.) Steud. (N = 4) were the super host plant species. Among the gall makers obtained, cecidomyiids were reared in 81% of cases and Hemiptera (Diaspididae), Hymenoptera (Eurytomidae), Coleoptera (Apion sp./Apionidae), and Lepidoptera in 4.5% of cases, each. The parasitoids belong to the Chalcidoidea superfamily (Hymenoptera). One new species of Camptoneuromyiia (Cecidomyiidae) was found in Smilax oblongifolia Pohl ex Griseb. (Smilacaceae) as inquiline and a new species of Lestodiplosis in Diplopterys pubipetala (Malpighiaceae) was a predator. We also present the first register of Bauhinia holophylla as host plants of Cecidomyiidae, and we expand the occurrence of Rochadiplosis tibouchinae Tavares and Couridiplosis vena to São Paulo State. The results of this paper are a continuation of the description of gall morphotypes from the vegetation in Northeastern São Paulo State, and they also increase knowledge about the diversity of host plant and gall-maker associations in the Neotropical region.

scholarly journals Only the B biotype of Bemisia tabaci is present on vegetables in São Paulo State, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Cristina Gonçales Rocha ◽  
Julio Massaharu Marubayashi ◽  
Jesús Navas-Castillo ◽  
Valdir Atsushi Yuki ◽  
Carlos Frederico Wilcken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
East Asia ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Asia Minor ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex ◽  
Biotype B

Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) is one of the most important pests in cultivated areas of vegetables and ornamental crops around the world. Based on the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidize I (mtCOI) sequence, there is evidence that B. tabaci should be considered a cryptic species complex of 11 groups containing 24 species. Two of the groups, Middle East-Asia Minor 1 and Mediterranean include biotypes B and Q, respectively. In this study we evaluated the mtCOI sequence of B. tabaci populations collected in sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Using PCR-RFLP with Taq I, a typical biotype B profile was obtained for all specimens. Based on the comparison with mtCOI reference sequences we found four haplotypes all belonging to the Middle East-Asia Minor 1. They occurred in the hosts pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) and cucurbitaceae plants.

Assessment of the Surgical Site Infection Rate Detected Through Post-discharge Vigilance at a Medium-sized Hospital in Såo Paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. S51-S52
Author(s):  
Daiane Cais ◽  
Lanuza Duarte ◽  
Fernanda Minenelli ◽  
Analu Mancini ◽  
Maria Lucia Biancalana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Surgical Site Infection Rate ◽  
Post Discharge

scholarly journals Host plants and distribution records of lance flies (Diptera: Lonchaeidae) in São Paulo State, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. e942
Author(s):  
Ester Marques de Sousa ◽  
Léo Rodrigo Ferreira Louzeiro ◽  
Pedro Carlos Strikis ◽  
Miguel Francisco Souza-Filho ◽  
Adalton Raga
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
The Relationship

The knowledge of host plants, distribution and economic importance of Lonchaeidae is scarce in Latin America. We have recovered specimens of Lonchaeidae from most fruit samples containing specimens of Tephritidae. The compilation of information is essential to determine the diversity of species and the relationship with their hosts. In addition to the list of records based on early publications, we add unpublished data of Lonchaeids recovered from plant samples collected in the Instituto Biológico, São Paulo, Brazil. In total, 18 species of Lonchaeidae, belonging to the genera Dasiops, Lonchaea and Neosilba were registered in São Paulo, and associated with 111 host plant species and 27 botanical families. New records are listed and geographical distribution is available by specific maps.

scholarly journals Mechanitis polymnia casabranca and Ithomia lichyi lichyi (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) damaging tree of Solanum granuloso-leprosum (Solanaceae)

CERNE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-172
Author(s):  
Wagner de Souza Tavares ◽  
Alexandre Igor de Azevedo Pereira ◽  
Olaf Hermann Hendrik Mielke ◽  
José Eduardo Serrão ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Mechanitis Polymnia ◽  
Species Being

The Zona da Mata region is located in southeastern Minas Gerais State, Brazil with fauna and flora diversified, including herbivorous insects and Solanaceae plants. Ithomiinae caterpillars were observed damaging tree of Solanum granuloso-leprosum Dunal (Solanaceae), used for different purposes and abundant in secondary forest. The objective of this study was to identify defoliating caterpillars of S. granuloso-leprosum at the campus of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) in Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil and review host plants of Mechanitis polymnia L., 1758 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). Thirteen caterpillars found damaging a tree of S. granuloso-leprosum at the campus of UFV were collected and maintained in the Laboratório de Controle Biológico de Insetos (LCBI) from UFV until adult emergence. These caterpillars were of two species, being ten of the first and three of the second species. Adult specimens of the latter species were identified as Ithomia lichyi lichyi D'Almeida, 1939 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Departamento de Zoologia of Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR) in Curitiba, Paraná State, Brazil and of the group of ten caterpillars as Mechanitis polymnia casabranca Haensch, 1905 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in the Museu de Zoologia of Universidade de São Paulo (USP) in São Paulo State, Brazil. This is the first report of M. polymnia casabranca and I. lichyi lichyi together damaging plant of S. granuloso-leprosum in the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil and 57 plants are recorded as host of M. polymnia.

scholarly journals Spider mites, host plants and new records for Brazil (Acari: Tetranychidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. ec02004
Author(s):  
Carlos H. W. Flechtmann
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
New Records ◽  
Spider Mites ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo

A list of new records of spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) for Brazil based on specimens deposited in the Acarological Collection of Departamento de Entomologia e Acarologia, ESALQ, Universidade de São Paulo (Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil) is presented. The specimens studied were sent for identification and/or collected by us from different states of the country. The list includes 15 species belonging to seven different genera: Aponychus, Allonychus, Eutetranychus, Mononychellus, Schizotetranychus, Oligonychus and Tetranychus.

scholarly journals Surtos populacionais de Bemisia tabaci no estado de São Paulo

Bragantia ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luiz Lourenção ◽  
Hiroshi Nagai
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus ◽  
De Se ◽  
Solanum Viarum ◽  
Sida Rhombifolia

A partir de 1991, tem sido observada a presença da mosca-branca Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) em altas populações em hortaliças e orna-mentais nos municípios paulistas de Paulínia, Holambra, Jaguariúna e Artur Nogueira. Foram constatadas infestações severas em tomateiro, brócolos, berinjela e aboboreira; nesta última, o sintoma observado em plantas infestadas pela mosca-branca é o prateamento da face superior das folhas, em conjunto com queda drástica da produção. Uma lavoura de tomate severamente infestada por B. tabaci apresentava o sintoma referido colo amadurecimento irregular dos frutos do tomateiro; plantas invasoras presentes nessa área também foram intensamente colonizadas, principalmente Sida rhombifolia L., Sonchus oleraceus L., Solanum viarum Dun. e Ipomoea acuminata Roem. & Schult. Em Holambra, verificaram-se ataques intensos em plantas ornamentais, principalmente crisântemo (Chrysantemum morifolium Ramat.) e bico-de-papagaio (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.); roseiras foral pouco colonizadas. Nessas hortaliças e nas ornamentais, a aplicação quase diária de inseticidas não reduziu a infestação do inseto. Além dessas plantas, campos de algodão, em Holambra, e de feijão, em Paulínia, também foram infestados por B. tabaci. Nos E.U.A., a capacidade de certas populações de B. tabaci de induzir o prateamento da folha em aboboreira e de colonizar intensamente E. pulcherrima, entre outros fatores, têm levado à distinção do biótipo "B" ou "poinsétia", nome vulgar dessa euforbiácea; todavia, estudos recentes na Califórnia (E.U.A.) mostram a possibilidade de se tratar de duas espécies distintas. Dada a similaridade entre as infestações associadas a B. tabaci que vêm ocorrendo naquele país e, mais recentemente, no Brasil, é provável que o biótipo B ou essa nova espécie tenha sido aqui introduzido.

scholarly journals Begomovírus infectando a cultura de pimentão no estado de São Paulo

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Nakada Nozaki ◽  
Renate Krause-Sakate ◽  
Marcelo Agenor Pavan
Keyword(s):  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Streak Virus ◽  
São Paulo

Vírus do gênero Begomovirus são transmitidos por mosca-branca Bemisia tabaci G., e constituem um dos problemas fitossanitários sérios em diversas culturas. Plantas de pimentão coletadas em oito regiões do Estado de São Paulo, foram submetidas a extração de DNA total e PCR com primers universais e degenerados para begomovírus, que amplificam parte da região codificadora para a proteína capsicial. Os dados indicam a presença de begomovírus em pimentão nas cinco regiões coletadas. Análise das seqüências do DNA viral e análise filogenética revelaram identidade com dois begomovírus nativo da América. Tomato severe rugose virus - ToSRV (AY029750) e com Tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV, AY829113), espécies descritas infectando tomateiro no Brasil. A presença de begomovírus em pimentão foi verificada nas regiões de Alvinlândia, Ubirajara, Botucatu, Elias-Fausto, Paulínia, Mogi Guaçu, Paranapanema e Pirajú.

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