Molecular and biological characterization of recombinant isolates of Potato virus Y circulating in potato fields in Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Rodriguez-Rodriguez ◽  
Arturo Quintero-Ferrer ◽  
Kelsie Green ◽  
Loreto Robles-Hernández ◽  
Ana C González-Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Hypersensitive Resistance ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Vein Necrosis ◽  
Production Areas

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a significant threat to potato production in Mexico. The presence of recombinant strains of PVY circulating in potato has been reported in the country, but no systematic study on the genetic diversity of PVY in potato and prevalence of PVY strains has been conducted yet. Here, we report on a series of surveys in seed potato production areas in two states in Mexico, Chihuahua and Jalisco, between 2011 and 2019. PVY was detected through the period of nine years in multiple potato cultivars in both states, often remaining asymptomatic in the most popular cultivars, such as Fianna and Agata. When typed to strain, all PVY samples studied were found to have N-serotype, and were all identified molecularly as isolates of the same recombinant strain, PVYNTN. Five of these PVY isolates were tested on tobacco, where they induced vein necrosis supporting the molecular typing. This identification was also confirmed biologically on differential potato cultivars, where one PVYNTN isolate from the 2013 survey triggered the hypersensitive resistance conferred by the Nztbr gene in the cv. Maris Bard. Seven of these Mexican PVYNTN isolates, collected between 2013 and 2019, including two PVY isolates from potato tubers exhibiting potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease, were subjected to whole genome sequencing and found to show a typical PVYNTNa recombinant structure. When subjected to phylogenetic analysis, Mexican PVYNTN sequences clustered in more than three separate clades, suggesting multiple introductions of PVYNTN in the country. The wide circulation of the PVYNTN strain in Mexican potato should be taken into account by the potato producers, to develop mitigation strategies for this PVY strain associated with tuber necrotic symptoms.

Prevalence and strain composition of potato virus Y circulating in potato fields in China’s north-central province Shanxi

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengcheng Ding ◽  
Dexin Chen ◽  
Haixu Feng ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Hui Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Central China ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Single Strain ◽  
North Central ◽  
Production Areas

Potato is an important crop in Shanxi province located in north-central China. During 2019-2020, 319 potato leaf samples were collected from eight locations distributed in three major potato production areas in Shanxi. Bio-chip detection kit revealed the presence of several potato viruses, and among them potato virus Y (PVY) was the most common one, reaching the incidence of 87.8% of all symptomatic samples. The immuno-captured multiplex reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to identify strains for all 280 PVY-positive samples, unveiling 242 samples infected with a single strain of PVY (86.4%) and 38 (13.6%) with a mixed infection. Of samples with a single-strain infection, PVY -SYR-II accounted for 102 (42.1%), followed by PVYN-Wi (33, 13.6%) , PVY -SYR-I (28, 11.6%), 261-4 (22, 9.1%), PVYNTNa (20, 8.3%), PVYNTNb (19, 7.9%), and PVY -SYR-III (18, 7.4%). Seven isolates representing different recombinants were selected for whole genome sequencing. Phylogenetic and recombination analyses confirmed the RT-PCR based strain typing for all seven strains of PVY found in Shanxi. SXKL-12 is the first SYR-III strain from potato reported from China. However, unlike that in other known SYR-III isolates, the region positioned from 1,764 to1,902 nt in SXKL-12 shared the highest sequence identity of 82.2% with an uncharacterized PVY isolate, JL-23, from China. Interestingly, the PVYN-Wi isolate SXZY-40 also possessed a more divergent sequence for the region positioned from 6,156 to 6,276 nt than other N-Wi isolates known to date, sharing the highest identity of 86.6% with an uncharacterized Chinese PVY isolate, JL-11. Pathogenicity analysis of dominant strains PVY -SYR-II and PVYN-Wi in six local popular potato cultivars revealed that Kexin 13, Helan 15 and Jizhangshu 12 were susceptible to these two strains with mild mottling or mosaic symptoms expression, while three cultivars, Jinshu 16, Qingshu 9, Xisen 6 were found fully resistant.

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Resistance-Breaking Isolate of Potato Virus Y in Nicotiana Tabacum

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-10
Author(s):  
Jae-Hyun Kim ◽  
Young-Soo Kim ◽  
Soo-Won Jang ◽  
Yong-Ho Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Pvy Resistance ◽  
Resistance Breaking ◽  
Systemic Vein ◽  
Vein Necrosis ◽  
Tobacco Cultivar

Potato virus Y (PVY) was identified from a PVY-resistance flue-cured tobacco variety KF120 showing vein necrosis at Buron province, Korea. Biological properties of the isolate named PVY-ToBR1 was characterized using various host plants with another isolate PVY-ToJC37. The isolated PVY-ToBR1 induced systemic vein necrosis symptoms on a PVY-resistant tobacco cultivar (VAM) harboring potyvirus resistant va gene, though tissue printing showed the systemic movement of virus was slightly delayed. By contrast, the isolate PVY-ToJC37 failed to infect VAM plants and the virus was not detected on inoculated leaf and systemic leaves in VAM plants. Similarly, the isolated PVY-ToBR1 induced distinctly systemic vein necrosis symptoms on PVY-resistant tobacco cultivars (V.SCR, PBD6, TN86, TN90, Virgin A Mutant, NC744, and Wislica) that have the recessive potyvirus resistance gene va, but PVY-ToJC37 did not infect systemically infect these tobacco cultivars, suggesting that PVY-ToBR1 is a novel resistance-breaking isolate in tobacco. The coat protein (CP) genes of PVY-ToBR1 and PVY-ToJC37 were amplified using RT-PCR assays with specific primers for PVY isolates and nucleotide sequences of the CP genes were determined. The isolate PVY-ToBR1 showed 88.4% - 99.4% and 86.6% - 99.4% CP identities to the 46 different PVY isolates at the nucleotide and amino acid, respectively. Phylogenetic relationship from CP comparisons showed that PVY-ToBR1 isolate clustered with PVYNTN isolates and PVY-ToBR1 isolate more closely related to the isolates from European than from North American PVY NTN.

Biological characterization of six Australian isolates of potato virus Y and their serological detection by ELISA

1987 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 395 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Heath ◽  
RJ Sward ◽  
JR Moran ◽  
AJ Mason ◽  
ND Hallam
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
Serological Detection ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Indicator Plants ◽  
Necrotic Symptoms

Six potato virus Y isolates from Victoria and Queensland were characterized on the basis of host plant reactions. Four isolates from potato produced symptoms in indicator plants and potato cultivars consistent with those caused by the PVYO group. Two isolates from tobacco produced necrotic symptoms on some tobacco cultivars characteristic of the PVYN group, but did not systemically infect potato cultivars and therefore could not be considered to belong to any of the previously described PVY strain groups. Despite the wide variation in their biological characteristics, an antiserum produced to one of the potato isolates was able to detect all six of the isolates when used in ELISA

scholarly journals Identification and Molecular Characterization of Recombinant Potato Virus Y (PVY) in Potato from South Korea, PVYNTN Strain

Plant Disease ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Chikh-Ali ◽  
Mariana Rodriguez-Rodriguez ◽  
Kelsie J. Green ◽  
Dong-Jun Kim ◽  
Sang-Min Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Rt Pcr

Potato is an important source of food in South Korea, and viruses represent a significant threat to sustainable and profitable potato production. However, information about viruses affecting the potato crop in South Korea is limited. In 2017, potato plants of five cultivars exhibiting foliar mosaic, crinkling, and mottle were collected in two seed potato production areas, in Gangwon-do and Jeollabuk-do Provinces, and subjected to virus testing and characterization. Potato virus Y (PVY) was found associated with mosaic symptoms, and samples were characterized using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and whole genome sequencing. All analyzed PVY-positive samples were found to represent the same recombinant PVY strain: PVYNTN. Three PVY isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing using overlapping RT-PCR fragments and Sanger methodology, and all three were confirmed to represent strain PVYNTNa after a recombination analysis of the complete genomes. In phylogenetic analysis, the three South Korean isolates were placed most closely to several PVYNTNa isolates reported from Japan and Vietnam, suggesting a common source of infection. This is the first report and complete molecular characterization of a PVYNTN strain present in the country, and because this strain induces tuber necrotic ringspot disease in susceptible cultivars of potato, appropriate management tools need to be implemented to mitigate potential tuber quality losses.

scholarly journals Strain-Specific Resistance to Potato virus Y (PVY) in Potato and Its Effect on the Relative Abundance of PVY Strains in Commercial Potato Fields

Plant Disease ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra N. Funke ◽  
Olga V. Nikolaeva ◽  
Kelsie J. Green ◽  
Lisa T. Tran ◽  
Mohamad Chikh-Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
The United States ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Columbia Basin ◽  
Recombinant Strains ◽  
Systemic Movement ◽  
Production Area

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a serious threat to potato production due to effects on tuber yield and quality, in particular, due to induction of potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD), typically associated with recombinant strains of PVY. These recombinant strains have been spreading in the United States for the past several years, although the reasons for this continuing spread remained unclear. To document and assess this spread between 2011 and 2015, strain composition of PVY isolates circulating in the Columbia Basin potato production area was determined from hundreds of seed lots of various cultivars. The proportion of nonrecombinant PVYO isolates circulating in Columbia Basin potato dropped ninefold during this period, from 63% of all PVY-positive plants in 2011 to less than 7% in 2015. This drop in PVYO was concomitant with the rise of the recombinant PVYN-Wi strain incidence, from less than 27% of all PVY-positive plants in 2011 to 53% in 2015. The proportion of the PVYNTN recombinant strain, associated with PTNRD symptoms in susceptible cultivars, increased from 7% in 2011 to approximately 24% in 2015. To further address the shift in strain abundance, screenhouse experiments were conducted and revealed that three of the four most popular potato cultivars grown in the Columbia Basin exhibited strain-specific resistance against PVYO. Reduced levels of systemic movement of PVYO in such cultivars would favor spread of recombinant strains in the field. The negative selection against the nonrecombinant PVYO strain is likely caused by the presence of the Nytbr gene identified in potato cultivars in laboratory experiments. Presence of strain-specific resistance genes in potato cultivars may represent the driving force changing PVY strain composition to predominantly recombinant strains in potato production areas.

scholarly journals Characterization of Potato virus Y (PVY) molecular determinants involved in the vein necrosis symptom induced by PVYN isolates in infected Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 2101-2105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Tribodet ◽  
Laurent Glais ◽  
Camille Kerlan ◽  
Emmanuel Jacquot
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Site Directed Mutagenesis ◽  
Molecular Determinant ◽  
Molecular Determinants ◽  
Vein Necrosis ◽  
Genetic Techniques

Viral molecular determinant(s) involved in the tobacco vein necrosis (TVN) symptom induced by necrotic isolates of Potato virus Y (PVY) on Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi leaves remain undetermined. Reference isolates belonging to PVYN (infectious PVYN-605 clone) and PVYO (PVYO-139) were used to produce PVY chimeric genomes by using reverse-genetic techniques. These chimeric clones were inoculated biolistically onto Nicotiana clevelandii plants to establish the clone, prior to being tested on N. tabacum for their ability to induce TVN symptoms. Comparison between sequence data and symptoms observed for each mutated PVY construct shows that the C-terminal part of the multifunctional HC-Pro protein includes two residues (K400 and E419) that are involved in TVN induced by PVYN isolates. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to confirm that these two HC-Pro residues are involved in the TVN phenotype.

scholarly journals HCPro Suppression of Callose Deposition Contributes to Strain-Specific Resistance Against Potato Virus Y

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rawnaq N. Chowdhury ◽  
Danny Lasky ◽  
Hari Karki ◽  
Zongying Zhang ◽  
Aymeric Goyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Specific Resistance ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Hypersensitive Resistance ◽  
Callose Deposition ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Callose Formation

Potato virus Y (PVY; Potyviridae) is a continuing challenge for potato production owing to the increasing popularity of strain-specific resistant cultivars. Hypersensitive resistance (HR) is one type of plant defense responses to restrict virus spread. In many potato cultivars, such as cultivar Premier Russet (PR), local necrosis at the site of infection protects against the most common PVYO strain, but the HR often fails to restrain necrotic strains, which spread systemically. Here, we established the role of callose accumulation in the strain-specific resistance responses to PVY infection. We first uncovered that PVY, independent of the strain, is naturally capable of suppressing pathogenesis-related callose formation in a susceptible host. Such activity can be dissociated from viral replication by the transient expression of the viral-encoded helper component proteinase (HCPro) protein, identifying it as the pathogen elicitor. However, unlike the necrotic strain, PVYO and its corresponding HCPro are unable to block callose accumulation in resistant PR potatoes, in which we observed an abundance of callose deposition and the inability of the virus to spread. The substitution of eight amino acid residues within the HCPro C-terminal region that differ between PVYO and PVYN strains and were previously shown to be responsible for eliciting the HR response, are sufficient to restore the ability of HCProO to suppress callose accumulation, despite the resistant host background, in line with a new viral function in pathogenicity.

scholarly journals First Report of Recombinant Potato virus Y Strains in Potato in Jalisco, Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Quintero-Ferrer ◽  
A. V. Karasev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Potato ◽  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
The State ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
First Report ◽  
Fta Cards ◽  
The One ◽  
Production Areas

Potato virus Y (PVY) is a serious problem for potato production worldwide. The virus reduces both tuber yield and quality, and recent spread of recombinant strains of PVY in potato production areas is largely credited with the spread of potato tuber necrotic ringspot disease (PTNRD) (1). In Mexico, recombinant strains of PVY were reported in at least two states, Chihuahua (4) and the State of Mexico (3); however, no surveys have been conducted in other potato-producing areas, and the spectrum of PVY isolates circulating in the country has remained uncharacterized. In October 2011, a small-scale survey of seed potato was conducted in the state of Jalisco, Mexico, to identify PVY isolates present in fields. Twelve seed potato fields were inspected visually. These represented various generations of seed potato, from nuclear to G2. Leaf samples were collected from plants displaying mosaic, crinkling, and yellowing symptoms, and were tested for PVY. Fifty samples were collected from cultivars Fabula, Mondial, Fianna, Gigant, Caesar, and Adora. Of the 50 leaf samples collected, seven were PVY-positive using the Immuno-strip Kit (Agdia, Elkhart, IN), and six of these were determined to have a N-serotype according to the typing by the Pocket Diagnostics lateral flow kit (Forsite Diagnostics, Ltd., York, UK). PVY-positive samples came from cultivars Fabula (2 with N serotype), Mondial (4 with N serotype), and Fianna (1 with O serotype). Extracts of the seven PVY-positive leaf samples were applied to Whatman FTA cards (Sigma, St. Louis, MO), dried, and transported to the Plant Virology Laboratory at the University of Idaho for further characterization. All samples immobilized on FTA cards were subjected to RNA extraction and standard reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR typing using a set of PVY-specific primers (2) to determine the strain type. All PVY isolates were recombinant. The six N-serotype samples were found to contain recombinant PVYNTN isolates and produced characteristic bands of 181 and 452 bp in RT-PCR, which indicated the presence of two recombination junctions in the HC-Pro/P3 and VPg regions typical of European PVYNTN isolates. The one O-serotype sample was identified as a recombinant PVYN-Wi/N:O isolate, and produced 181 and 689 bp bands in RT-PCR, which indicated the presence of one recombination junction in the HC-Pro/P3 region. Sequence analysis of RT-PCR products amplified from five samples with N serotype identified them as PVYNTN isolates, and from the one with O serotype identified it as PVYN-Wi/N:O isolate. Sequence comparisons confirmed that N serotype samples contained PVY isolates most closely related to typical PVYNTN sequences (Accession No. EF026075), while the O serotype sample contained the PVY isolate most closely related to PVYN-Wi from Europe (HE608963). The data obtained suggest the presence of two different types of PVY recombinants, PVYNTN and PVYN-Wi, in seed potato in Jalisco. Additional surveillance for these recombinant isolates may be needed, as well as a survey of their effects on tuber quality in production areas. This is the first report of recombinant isolates of PVY often associated with PTNRD circulating in seed potato in Jalisco, Mexico. References: (1) S. M. Gray et al. Plant Dis. 94:1384, 2010. (2) J. H. Lorenzen et al. Plant Dis. 90:935, 2006. (3) V. R. Ramirez-Rodriguez et al. Virol. J. 6:48, 2009. (4) L. Robles-Hernandez et al. Plant Dis. 94:1262, 2010.

scholarly journals Resistance to potato virus A and potato virus Y in potato cultivars grown in Finland

1996 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jari P. T. Valkonen ◽  
Jukka P. Palohuhta
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Potato Virus Y ◽  
Phenotypic Expression ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Systemic Infection ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Extreme Resistance ◽  
Hypersensitive Resistance ◽  
Potato Virus A ◽  
Das Elisa

Phenotypic expression of resistance to potato Y potyvirus (PVY) and potato A potyvirus (PVA) was tested in 24 potato cultivars and an advanced breeding line using graft-inoculation under controlled conditions in the glasshouse. Resistance phenotypes were determined based on symptom expression and systemic infection detected with DAS-ELISA. Tubers were harvested from the PVA-inoculated plants and tested for PVA with ELISA. Sixteen potato cultivars expressed hypersensitive resistance (HR) to the strain group YO of PVY. Ute expressed extreme resistance (ER) to PVY (strain groups YO and YN) and PVA, and eight cultivars (Amazone, Bintje, Fambo, Posmo, Record, Rosamunda, Saturna and Van Gogh) expressed ER to PVA. These cultivars produced no PVA-infected tubers (tubers of Record were not tested). Matilda and Nicola expressed HR to PVA. The tubers of graft-inoculated Matilda produced no PVA-infected shoots, whereas shoots from Nicola tubers developed necrosis and severe mosaic symptoms and were PVA-infected based on results from ELISA. Comparison with purified PVA antigen (using ELISA) indicated that the secondarily infected shoots of the 14 PVA-susceptible cultivars contained 206-804 ng of PVA antigen per gram of leaf tissue.

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