scholarly journals Postharvest Storage Losses Associated with Rhizomania in Sugar Beet

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Campbell ◽  
K. L. Klotz ◽  
L. J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Sugar Concentration ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Postharvest Losses ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Sucrose Loss

During storage of sugar beet, respiration and rots consume sucrose and produce invert sugar. Diseases that occur in the field can affect the magnitude of these losses. This research examines the storage of roots with rhizomania (caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus) and the effectiveness of rhizomania-resistant hybrids in reducing postharvest losses. Roots of susceptible hybrids from sites with rhizomania had respiration rates 30 days after harvest (DAH) that ranged from 0.68 to 2.79 mg of CO2 kg–1 h–1 higher than roots of the resistant hybrids. This difference ranged from 2.60 to 13.88 mg of CO2 kg–1 h–1 120 DAH. Roots of resistant hybrids from sites with rhizomania had 18 kg more sucrose per ton than roots from susceptible hybrids 30 DAH, with this difference increasing to 55 kg Mg–1 120 DAH. The invert sugar concentration of susceptible hybrids from sites with rhizomania ranged from 8.38 to 287 g per 100 g of sucrose higher than that for resistant hybrids 120 DAH. In contrast, differences between susceptible and resistant hybrids in respiration rate, sucrose loss, and invert sugar concentration in the absence of rhizomania were relatively small. Storage losses due to rhizomania can be minimized by planting resistant hybrids and processing roots from fields with rhizomania soon after harvest.

Susceptibility to root tip breakage increases storage losses of sugar beet genotypes

2016 ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Hoffmann ◽  
Katharina Schnepel
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Sugar Loss

Good storability of sugar beet is of increasing importance, not only to reduce sugar losses, but also with regard to maintaining the processing quality. Genotypic differences are found in storage losses. However, it is not clear to which extent damage may contribute to the genotypic response. The aim of the study was to quantify the effect of root tip breakage on storage losses of different genotypes. For that purpose, in 2012 and 2013, six sugar beet genotypes were grown in field trials at two locations. After lifting roots were damaged with a cleaning device. They were stored for 8 and 12 weeks, either under controlled conditions in a climate container at constant 8°C, or under ambient temperature in an outdoor clamp. The close correlation underlines that storage losses under controlled conditions (constant temperature) can well be transferred to conditions in practice with fluctuating temperature. The strongest impact on invert sugar accumulation and sugar loss after storage resulted from storage time, followed by damage and growing environment (year × growing site). Cleaning reduced soil tare but increased root tip breakage, in particular for genotypes with low marc content. During storage, pathogen infestation and invert sugar content of the genotypes increased with root tip breakage, but the level differed between growing environments. Sugar loss was closely related to invert sugar accumulation for all treatments, genotypes and environments. Hence, it can be concluded that root tip breakage contributes considerably to storage losses of sugar beet genotypes, and evidently genotypes show a different susceptibility to root tip breakage which is related to their marc content. For long-term storage it is therefore of particular importance to avoid damage during the harvest operations and furthermore, to have genotypes with high storability and low susceptibility to damage.

Sugar beet from field clamps -harvest quality and storage loss

2018 ◽  
pp. 639-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Commercial Sugar ◽  
And Storage ◽  
High Storage

Harvest quality of sugar beet varies according to soil conditions, harvester type and setting, and variety, too. Harvest quality may affect storage losses, in particular when injuries occur. To determine the harvest quality of commercial sugar beet and to quantify resulting storage losses, 92 commercial sugar beet clamps were sampled across Germany and information about harvest conditions were gathered. At IfZ, soil tare, leaf residues, topping diameter, root tip breakage and surface damage of the beets were determined. The beets were stored in 6 replicates in a climate container at 9°C for 10 weeks. The results demonstrate a rather good harvesting quality of sugar beet in Germany. Soil moisture at harvest did not affect harvest quality and storage losses. Very light, but also heavier soils lead to inferior harvest quality (soil tare, root tip breakage, damage) and slightly higher storage losses compared to the typical loam soils. Significant differences occurred between the three harvester types (companies). In general, high root tip breakage and severe surface damage of the beet was related to a high infestation with mould and rots, high invert sugar contents after storage and high sugar losses. Out of the five most planted varieties, in particular one turned out to be very susceptible to damage, resulting in high storage losses. The factor analysis suggests that the effect of harvester / harvester setting and of variety is more important for harvest quality and storage losses of sugar beet than soil conditions at harvest. Therefore, attention should be paid to optimize these conditions.

Importance of harvesting system and variety for storage losses of sugar beet

2018 ◽  
pp. 474-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christa Hoffmann ◽  
Meik Engelhardt ◽  
Michael Gallmeier ◽  
Michael Gruber ◽  
Bernward Märländer
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Optimal Setting ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Extent Of Damage ◽  
The Impact

Damage resulting from harvest operations increases the storage losses of sugar beet. Because of different equipment, the kind and extent of damage may differ between harvesting systems. The objective of the study was to analyze (I) the impact of different harvesting systems and cleaning intensities on damages of sugar beet, and furthermore, (II) the effect of these damages on storage losses. In 2015 and 2016 at four sites, two sugar beet varieties were harvested with two six-row harvesters (axial rollers versus turbines for cleaning) using three cleaning intensities with three replicates in tracks of 200m length. Roots were stored in a climate container at 9°C for 5 and 12 weeks. The results show that the diameter of root tip breakage and surface damage increased with cleaning intensity. Marked differences occurred among varieties and sites. The factor analysis indicates that the extent of damage (root tip breakage, surface damage) had a considerable impact on the infestation with mold and rots, the accumulation of invert sugar and sugar losses after storage. However, the higher root tip breakage of beets harvested by harvester2 was accompanied by lower sugar losses than in harvester1 after 12weeks storage, in particular with the aggressive cleaning intensity. The marked impact of the cleaning intensity emphasizes the importance of the operator and of the optimal setting of the harvester for a good harvest quality and thus storability of sugar beet.

Characterizing sugarbeet varieties for postharvest storage losses is complicated by environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Campbell ◽  
K. L. Klotz
Keyword(s):  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Storage Characteristics ◽  
Storage Properties

Each year millions of tons of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) roots are stored in large exposed piles prior to processing. During postharvest storage, respiration and invert sugar formation consume sucrose and even a small reduction in these losses would have substantial economic impact. This study investigated the relative importance of hybrid, environment, and hybrid × environment interactions and examined their implications in characterizing hybrids for sucrose loss during storage or developing hybrids with improved storage properties. Glucose, fructose, and extractable sucrose concentrations and respiration rate were measured 30 and 120 d after harvest (DAH) on five hybrids produced in six environments. Environment effects were significant on both dates for all traits except fructose 30 DAH. Significant hybrid × environment interactions were observed for respiration rate 30 and 120 DAH, for extractable sucrose 120 DAH, and for glucose concentration 30 DAH. The only trait with a significant hybrid main effect was extractable sucrose 30 DAH. For the 90 d between measurements, extractable sucrose losses for individual hybrid-environment combinations ranged from 1 to 63% of the sucrose available 30 DAH. It appeared that large environmental impacts and hybrid × environment interactions, compared to the relatively small hybrid influences, would complicate selecting parental lines with all or most of the storage traits desired. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation of commercial hybrids or breeding lines for storage traits would require considerable resources. Efforts to understand the impact of production practices and growing season environment on storage properties would probably be more productive than attempting to produce commercial hybrids with improved storage characteristics. Key words: Beta vulgaris L., respiration, glucose, fructose, extractable sucrose

scholarly journals Influence of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus on Sugar Beet Storability

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl A. Strausbaugh ◽  
Eugene Rearick ◽  
Stacey Camp ◽  
John J. Gallian ◽  
Alan T. Dyer
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Rhizomania Resistance ◽  
Sugar Reduction ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Production Problems

Rhizomania caused by Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) and storage losses are serious sugar beet production problems. To investigate the influence of BNYVV on storability, six sugar beet cultivars varying for resistance to BNYVV were grown in 2005 and 2006 in southern Idaho fields with and without BNYVV-infested soil. At harvest, samples from each cultivar were placed in an outdoor ventilated pile in Twin Falls, ID and were removed at 40-day intervals starting at the end of October. After 144 and 142 days in storage, sugar reduction across cultivars averaged 20 and 13% without and 68 and 21% with BNYVV for the 2005 and 2006 roots, respectively. In the December samplings, frozen root area was 1 and 2% without and 25 and 41% with BNYVV for the 2005 and 2006 roots, respectively. Root rot was always worse with stored roots from BYNVV-infested soil in December, January, and February samplings. Root weight loss was variable in 2005; however, in 2006, an increase in weight reduction always was associated with BNYVV-infested roots. In order to prevent losses in rhizomania-infested areas, cultivars should be selected for storability as well as rhizomania resistance.

POST-HARVEST RESPIRATION RATES AND INTERNAL CO2 CONCENTRATION IN SUGAR BEET ROOTS

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1489-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. COLE
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Internal Co2 Concentration ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Internal Co2

A significant relationship (r = 0.85**) was found between internal CO2 concentration and respiration rate in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) roots 60 days after harvest. Internal CO2 concentration differed among commercial cultivars. The data indicate that lines with low or high internal CO2 concentration can be selected.

scholarly journals Effects of Carbohydrate Loading on Sugar Profile and Respiration of Asparagus Spears during Storage

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 824F-824
Author(s):  
Silvanda Silva ◽  
Sven Verlinden ◽  
Robert Herner ◽  
Randolph Beaudry
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Asparagus Officinalis ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Carbohydrate Loading ◽  
Sugar Profile ◽  
Solution Uptake ◽  
Sucrose Loss

Asparagus spears (Asparagus officinalis L.) were placed in solutions of six different concentrations of sucrose (0%, 1%, 2%, 4%, 8%, and 16%) plus citric acid at 0C for 24 h following harvest. The profiles of sucrose, fructose, glucose, and respiration rate along the length of the spear were evaluated throughout storage. The effect of carbohydrate loading on the rate of respiration, sucrose loss, and the shelf life of asparagus was determined. For all treatments, sugars decreased and respiration rate increased from the butt to the tip. The 4% sucrose treatment enhanced the sugar level in the tip ≈5-fold relative to the control. For the 8% and 16% treatments, sucrose tended to accumulate in the base. Spears loaded with higher sucrose concentrations had higher respiration rates than controls up to 3 h after loading. After this time, no significant differences were observed between treatments. For all treatments, respiration rates declined rapidly following harvest, stabilizing in ≈24 h. Weight gain and growth increased as the treatment sucrose concentration decreased. Solution uptake was enhanced by loading at lower humidity levels.

scholarly journals Integrative transcriptomics reveals genotypic impact on sugar beet storability

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 359-378
Author(s):  
Silvia Madritsch ◽  
Svenja Bomers ◽  
Alexandra Posekany ◽  
Agnes Burg ◽  
Rebekka Birke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Pathogen Resistance ◽  
Invert Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Driver Genes ◽  
Sucrose Loss

Abstract Key message An integrative comparative transcriptomic approach on six sugar beet varieties showing different amount of sucrose loss during storage revealed genotype-specific main driver genes and pathways characterizing storability. Abstract Sugar beet is next to sugar cane one of the most important sugar crops accounting for about 15% of the sucrose produced worldwide. Since its processing is increasingly centralized, storage of beet roots over an extended time has become necessary. Sucrose loss during storage is a major concern for the sugar industry because the accumulation of invert sugar and byproducts severely affect sucrose manufacturing. This loss is mainly due to ongoing respiration, but changes in cell wall composition and pathogen infestation also contribute. While some varieties can cope better during storage, the underlying molecular mechanisms are currently undiscovered. We applied integrative transcriptomics on six varieties exhibiting different levels of sucrose loss during storage. Already prior to storage, well storable varieties were characterized by a higher number of parenchyma cells, a smaller cell area, and a thinner periderm. Supporting these findings, transcriptomics identified changes in genes involved in cell wall modifications. After 13 weeks of storage, over 900 differentially expressed genes were detected between well and badly storable varieties, mainly in the category of defense response but also in carbohydrate metabolism and the phenylpropanoid pathway. These findings were confirmed by gene co-expression network analysis where hub genes were identified as main drivers of invert sugar accumulation and sucrose loss. Our data provide insight into transcriptional changes in sugar beet roots during storage resulting in the characterization of key pathways and hub genes that might be further used as markers to improve pathogen resistance and storage properties.

Effect of Fungicides on Sugar Beet Yield, Quality, and Postharvest Respiration Rates in the Absence of Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. R. Khan ◽  
A. L. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Postharvest Storage ◽  
Foliar Disease ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Yield Quality

Five fungicides were each applied on sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) three times at about 14-day intervals beginning in July in 2005 through 2008. No foliar disease occurred in the nontreated control or any fungicide treatment. There were no significant differences in root yield, recoverable sucrose, or sucrose concentration among treatments. In 2007 and 2008, postharvest storage respiration rates were determined after 30 and 90 days in storage. There was no significant difference in respiration rates among treatments. There was no apparent benefit in applying these fungicides in seasons when no foliar disease developed. Accepted for publication 7 September 2009. Published 19 October 2009.

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