scholarly journals Assessing the Accuracy of Simulation Model for Septoria Leaf Blotch Disease Progress on Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El Jarroudi ◽  
P. Delfosse ◽  
H. Maraite ◽  
L. Hoffmann ◽  
B. Tychon
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
The Difference

A mechanistic model, PROCULTURE, for assessing the development of each of the last five leaf layers and the progress of Septoria leaf blotch, caused by Septoria tritici (teleomorph Mycosphaerella graminicola), has been applied on susceptible and weakly susceptible winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars in two locations (Everlange and Reuland) in Luxembourg over a 3-year period (2000 to 2002). A double performance assessment of PROCULTURE was conducted in this study. First, the capability of PROCULTURE to correctly simulate S. tritici incidence was checked. Second, the model's ability to accurately estimate disease severity was assessed on the basis of the difference between simulated and observed levels of disease development at each leaf layer. The model accurately predicted disease occurrence in the 2000 and 2002 seasons, on susceptible and semi-susceptible cultivars, with a probability of detection (POD) exceeding 0.90. However, in 2001, even though the POD never fell below 0.90, the false alarm ratio (FAR) was too high to consider the simulations satisfactory. Concerning the evaluation of disease severity modeling, statistical tests revealed accurate simulations performed by PROCULTURE for susceptible cultivars in 2000 and 2002. By contrast, for weakly susceptible cultivars, the model overestimated disease severity, especially for the upper leaves, for the same period.

scholarly journals Spatial prediction of wheat septoria leaf blotch (Septoria tritici) disease severity in Central Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tewodros T. Wakie ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Gabriel B. Senay ◽  
Abera Takele ◽  
Alemu Lencho
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Spatial Prediction ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Central Ethiopia

scholarly journals Influence of crop growth and weather conditions on speckled leaf blotch in winter wheat

2003 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Armour ◽  
S.L.H. Viljanen-Rollinson ◽  
S.F. Chng ◽  
R.C. Butler ◽  
M.G. Cromey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crop Growth ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Significant Yield

Speckled leaf blotch (SLB) a foliar disease of winter wheat caused by Septoria tritici (teleomorph Mycosphaerella graminicola) can cause significant yield losses Wheat crops are at greatest risk during stem extension when the final three leaves emerge in close proximity to infected leaves lower in the canopy Winter wheat cv Consort was sown in May 2002 to test a model that links development of SLB in the field to weather events and to compare disease severity between plots treated with fungicide applied at three different crop growth stages Generally quite low disease levels were experienced associated with a small number of likely infection events This meant that the top three leaves were infected after they were fully emerged and SLB severity was low as there was little time for secondary cycles to occur before the leaves senesced Despite low disease severity there was a significant yield response to applied fungicide increasing with the number of applications The model requires some improvement

A predictive model for early-warning of Septoria leaf blotch on winter wheat

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. te Beest ◽  
M. W. Shaw ◽  
S. Pietravalle ◽  
F. van den Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch

scholarly journals Operational application and improvements of the disease risk forecast model PROCULTURE to optimize fungicides spray for the septoria leaf blotch disease in winter wheat in Luxembourg

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Junk ◽  
K. Görgen ◽  
M. El Jarroudi ◽  
P. Delfosse ◽  
L. Pfister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Weather Prediction ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Leaf Wetness ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Spatial Coverage

Abstract. The model PROCULTURE has been developed by the Université Catholique de Louvain – UCL (Belgium) to simulate the progress of the septoria leaf blotch disease on winter wheat during the cropping season. The model has been validated in Luxembourg for four years at four distinct representative sites. It is able to identify infection periods due to the causal agent Mycosphaerella graminicola on the last five leaf layers by combining meteorological data with phenological data from PROCULTURE's crop growth model component. The meteorological forcing consists of hourly time-series of air temperature, relative humidity and cumulative rainfall since the time of sowing, retrieved from automatic weather stations for hindcast and numerical weather prediction model outputs for the forecast periods. In order to improve the model, leaf wetness – which is one of the most important drivers for the spread of the disease – shall be added as an additional predictor. Therefore leaf wetness sensors were set up at four test sites during the 2007 growing season. To get a continuous spatial coverage of the country, it is planned to couple the PROCULTURE model offline to 12-hourly operational weather forecasts from an implementation of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model for Luxembourg at 1 km resolution. Because the WRF model does not provide leaf wetness directly, an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to model this parameter.

scholarly journals Characteristics of wheat leaf diseases development in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruta Bankina ◽  
Ilza Priekule
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Disease Epidemics

The field observations were carried out in 1999-2004 on 29 fields in Latvia. Incidence and severities of wheat leaf diseases were determined. Tan pot caused by <i>Drechslera tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> and Septoria leaf blotch, induced by <i>Septoria tritici</i> were the most harmful diseases at the time of research (incidence 10-100% and 1-100%, respectively). Also the incidence of powdery mildew, caused by <i>Blomeria graminis</i> was high (4-100%), while that of rusts (<i>Puccinia tritici</i> and <i>P. striiformis</i>) was very low. Changes in disease epidemics were determined and showed the differences between the analyzed diseases.

scholarly journals Fungicides against diseases of lawn grass leaves

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
S. Retman ◽  
O. Nychyporuk ◽  
О. Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Positive Effect

Goal. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of fungicides of various chemical groups against the leaf diseases turfgrass. Methods. The research was carried out in 2015—2017 on the lawn mixture «Universal» in the zone of the Polissya of Ukraine. The effect of fungicides of various chemical groups was investigated (Impact T, SC; Bumper Super, EC; Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC; Alto Super 300 EC, EC; Maxim 025 FS, FS; Horus 75 WG, WG). Fungicides were applied twice. The first spraying was carried out when development of diseases in control plot reached 3—5%, the second — in 30 days. The assessments were performed according to generally accepted methods, disease spread, disease severity and technical efficiency of pesticides were determined. Results. During the period of research, the most common leaf diseases of turfgrass, which eveloped annually and had a significant severity during the growing season, were powdery mildew and septoria leaf blotch. After two-time spraying, the technical efficiency of fungicides against powdery mildew reached 82.2—92.2%, against septoria leaf blotch up to 80.2%. The most effective against powdery mildew was the use of Alto Super 330 EC, EC (0.5 l / ha), Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC (0.75 l / ha) and tank mixture of Maxim 025 FS, FS (0.75 l / ha and 1.0 l / ha) with Horus 75 WG, VH (0.6 kg / ha). Against the septoria leaf blotch, the highest efficiency was shown by Alto Super 330 EC, EC (0.5 l / ha), Bumper Super, EC (0.8 l / ha) and Maxim 025 FS, FS (1.0 l / ha) + Horus 75 WG, WG (0.6 kg / ha). In addition, due to the reduction of disease severity, a positive effect of fungicides on the quality of the lawn was achieved and the projective coating increased to 92—93%. Conclusion. The use of fungicides contributes to the reduction of disease and the formation of quality herbs. The best indicators against flour dew and septoriosis of leaves were obtained for the treatment of Alto Super 330 EC, CE (0.5 l / ha) and tank Maxim 025 FS, tc.s. (1.0 l / ha) + Horus 75 WG, VH (0.6 kg / ha).

scholarly journals Peculiarities of action and retrospective analysis of fungicides efficacy for protection of soft winter wheat against leaf diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
N. A. Krupenko* ◽  
I. N. Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The data on the efficacy of 40 fungicides for protection of soft winter wheat against leaf diseases during 2010–2019 are demonstrated. Biological efficacy is calculated based upon the area under the curve of disease development. Biological and economical efficacy of those compounds has been analyzed depending on the number of components, as well as chemical classes of active agents in those compounds. The highest biological efficacy of one-component fungicides against powdery mildew has been recorded for those containing proquinazid, tebuconazole and metrafenone – 69.9–79.3 %. Among 23 two-component fungicides the higher efficacy (82.1–84.3 %) against powdery mildew has been recorded for the fungicides containing azole combined with morpholine. Biological efficacy against Septoria leaf blotch has varied from 64.7 to 88.0 % depending on fungicide composition. Among three-component fungicides the efficacy against powdery mildew has varied from 59.5 to 82.8 %, and against Septoria leaf blotch it has varied from 59.8 to 89.9 %. As a result of the diseases severity decrease due to the fungicide application the saved yield has reached 9.9 centner of grain per hectare.

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