scholarly journals Fungicides against diseases of lawn grass leaves

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-9
Author(s):  
S. Retman ◽  
O. Nychyporuk ◽  
О. Shevchuk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Positive Effect

Goal. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of fungicides of various chemical groups against the leaf diseases turfgrass. Methods. The research was carried out in 2015—2017 on the lawn mixture «Universal» in the zone of the Polissya of Ukraine. The effect of fungicides of various chemical groups was investigated (Impact T, SC; Bumper Super, EC; Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC; Alto Super 300 EC, EC; Maxim 025 FS, FS; Horus 75 WG, WG). Fungicides were applied twice. The first spraying was carried out when development of diseases in control plot reached 3—5%, the second — in 30 days. The assessments were performed according to generally accepted methods, disease spread, disease severity and technical efficiency of pesticides were determined. Results. During the period of research, the most common leaf diseases of turfgrass, which eveloped annually and had a significant severity during the growing season, were powdery mildew and septoria leaf blotch. After two-time spraying, the technical efficiency of fungicides against powdery mildew reached 82.2—92.2%, against septoria leaf blotch up to 80.2%. The most effective against powdery mildew was the use of Alto Super 330 EC, EC (0.5 l / ha), Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC (0.75 l / ha) and tank mixture of Maxim 025 FS, FS (0.75 l / ha and 1.0 l / ha) with Horus 75 WG, VH (0.6 kg / ha). Against the septoria leaf blotch, the highest efficiency was shown by Alto Super 330 EC, EC (0.5 l / ha), Bumper Super, EC (0.8 l / ha) and Maxim 025 FS, FS (1.0 l / ha) + Horus 75 WG, WG (0.6 kg / ha). In addition, due to the reduction of disease severity, a positive effect of fungicides on the quality of the lawn was achieved and the projective coating increased to 92—93%. Conclusion. The use of fungicides contributes to the reduction of disease and the formation of quality herbs. The best indicators against flour dew and septoriosis of leaves were obtained for the treatment of Alto Super 330 EC, CE (0.5 l / ha) and tank Maxim 025 FS, tc.s. (1.0 l / ha) + Horus 75 WG, VH (0.6 kg / ha).

AC Hamilton barley

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 697-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Ho ◽  
W. L. Seaman ◽  
T. M. Choo ◽  
R. A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Moderately Resistant

AC Hamilton is a six-rowed spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivar bred at the Plant Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and evaluated by the Eastern Canada Barley Breeding Group. It was selected from a Leger/OAC Kippen cross and is suitable for growing in Ontario, where it outyielded the check cultivars AC Stephen and Chapais. AC Hamilton is moderately resistant to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei) and is resistant to septoria leaf blotch (Septoria passerinii). Key words:Hordeum vulgare L., six-rowed barley, feed barley, high yield, powdery mildew

scholarly journals Characteristics of wheat leaf diseases development in Latvia

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biruta Bankina ◽  
Ilza Priekule
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Wheat Leaf ◽  
Disease Epidemics

The field observations were carried out in 1999-2004 on 29 fields in Latvia. Incidence and severities of wheat leaf diseases were determined. Tan pot caused by <i>Drechslera tritici</i>-<i>repentis</i> and Septoria leaf blotch, induced by <i>Septoria tritici</i> were the most harmful diseases at the time of research (incidence 10-100% and 1-100%, respectively). Also the incidence of powdery mildew, caused by <i>Blomeria graminis</i> was high (4-100%), while that of rusts (<i>Puccinia tritici</i> and <i>P. striiformis</i>) was very low. Changes in disease epidemics were determined and showed the differences between the analyzed diseases.

scholarly journals Сomparative evaluation of the effect of the bacterial biopreparation phytop 8.67–8 and the bacterial-humic complex agrofit-humate-b (bcg “afg-b”) on the growth and development of kiwano varieties green dragon

2021 ◽  
pp. 67-76
Author(s):  
A. V. Pastukhova ◽  
I. Е. Lavrishchev ◽  
A. F. Petrov ◽  
V. Р. Tsvetkova ◽  
V. S. Maslenikova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Positive Effect

The results of studying the influence of various biological and mineral fertilizers: Phytop 8.67, Agrofit-humate-B (BKG «AFG-B”) – on the growth and development of plants, as well as the yield and quality of kiwano fruits of the Green Dragon variety are presented. During the study, phenological and morphological observations, accounting and evaluation of the quality of the obtained fruits, analysis of the chemical composition of the fruits were carried out. The obtained data confirmed the positive effect of the use of biological preparations on the structure and quality of the resulting crop of kiwano, which will allow us to recommend this crop for cultivation in the territory of the Novosibirsk region, using experimentally proven methods and norms of fertilizer application during the growing season of plants.

scholarly journals The Use of Film-Forming Polymers to Control Guignardia Leaf Blotch and Powdery Mildew on Aesculus hippocastanum L. and Quercus robur L.

2006 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
Glynn Percival ◽  
Ian Keary ◽  
Kelly Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Tree Vitality ◽  
Plant Disease Control ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll Fluorescence

The effects of four commercially available film-forming polymers (Bond, Designer, Spray Gard, Nu-Film-P) on disease severity of powdery mildew (Microsphaera alphitoides Griffon and Maubl.) on English oak (Quercus robur L.) and Guignardia leaf blotch (Guignardia aesculi (Peck) Stewart) on horsechestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) were examined in a field experiment. In addition, a comparative evaluation of the fungicide penconazole, commercially used for powdery mildew control, was conducted. Effects on tree vitality were also assessed by measuring leaf chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll concentrations. Irrespective of tree species, Nu-Film-P and Spray Gard did not significantly influence disease severity of powdery mildew and Guignardia leaf blotch. Likewise, no significant effects of these two film-forming polymers on chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content were recorded. Reduction in disease severity following spray applications of the film-forming polymers Bond and Designer was statistically comparable with penconazole. None of the film-forming polymers and fungicide evaluated was phytotoxic to the test trees. Results suggest that application of an appropriate film-forming polymer may provide a useful addition to existing methods of plant disease control.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of action and retrospective analysis of fungicides efficacy for protection of soft winter wheat against leaf diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-232
Author(s):  
N. A. Krupenko* ◽  
I. N. Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Biological Efficacy ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The data on the efficacy of 40 fungicides for protection of soft winter wheat against leaf diseases during 2010–2019 are demonstrated. Biological efficacy is calculated based upon the area under the curve of disease development. Biological and economical efficacy of those compounds has been analyzed depending on the number of components, as well as chemical classes of active agents in those compounds. The highest biological efficacy of one-component fungicides against powdery mildew has been recorded for those containing proquinazid, tebuconazole and metrafenone – 69.9–79.3 %. Among 23 two-component fungicides the higher efficacy (82.1–84.3 %) against powdery mildew has been recorded for the fungicides containing azole combined with morpholine. Biological efficacy against Septoria leaf blotch has varied from 64.7 to 88.0 % depending on fungicide composition. Among three-component fungicides the efficacy against powdery mildew has varied from 59.5 to 82.8 %, and against Septoria leaf blotch it has varied from 59.8 to 89.9 %. As a result of the diseases severity decrease due to the fungicide application the saved yield has reached 9.9 centner of grain per hectare.

scholarly journals Practical application of integrated disease management

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 1 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 212-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Zinkernagel ◽  
H. Hausladen ◽  
H. Habermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Tan Spot ◽  
Integrated Disease Management ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Advisory Service ◽  
Glume Blotch

A decision support system for cereal diseases and late blight of potatoes has been developed at the Chair of Phytopathology,<br />Technische Universität München. The Wheat and Barley Prognosis System has been in use for many years by the<br />Bavarian official advisory service. It is based on an exact diagnosis and established biological thresholds influenced by<br />weather. Certain fungicides are recommended also covering diseases which have not reached the threshold. Diseases under<br />consideration are eye spot disease, powdery mildew, Septoria leaf blotch, Septoria leaf and glume blotch, tan spot, brown<br />and yellow rusts.The PhytophthoraModel Weihenstephan consists of two parts, weather based prognosis and monitoring in<br />the unsprayed control plots. Spraying recommendations are given based on the results of the above-mentioned parts and<br />considering cultivar behaviour and blight development in the field. The first spraying in the season as well as the timing<br />of the following ones are crucial. This model does not give any recommendations regarding which active ingredient should<br />applied. However there is a distinction made with regard to contact (protective) fungicides and systemic fungicides. The<br />PhytophthoraModel Weihenstephan has been in use for several years in Germany as well as in Austria.

scholarly journals How Productive Services Affect Apple Production Technical Efficiency: Promote or Inhibit?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congying Zhang ◽  
Qian Chang ◽  
Xuexi Huo
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Apple Industry ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Positive Effect

Agricultural productive services provide a new entry point to solve the “labor dilemma” and contributes to the sustainable development of the apple industry. In this study, we establish a random frontier model with the Translog production function to analyze the influence of productive services on the technical efficiency of apple production based on a microscopic survey data of 661 apple farmers. The results indicate that the purchasing proportions of productive services are obviously different among the different links of apple production, while those among different regions are not obvious. Overall, productive services have a positive effect on improving the technical efficiency of apple production, but productive services in different links have a different effect; specifically, productive services in the bagging link have a positive effect on the technical efficiency of apple production, productive services in the pest controlling link have a negative effect, and productive services in other links have no significant effect. We suggest that policymakers should promote the orderly development of agricultural productive services, focus on improving the popularity of productive services in bagging links, and improve the quality of productive services in the pest control link.

scholarly journals Fungicidal protection of sunflower against the main leaf diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
S. Retman ◽  
N. Bazykina
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Alternaria Leaf Spot ◽  
Superior Efficacy ◽  
The Right

Goal. To determine the technical efficiency of the novel fungicides against the diseases of leaves sunflower and to establish the optimal terms of fungicidal treatments for the zone of the Right Bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine. Research methods. Field and laboratory. The research was conducted during 2014—2017 in the Right-bank Forest-steppe of Ukraine (Khmelnytsky region) on the Canyon hybrid investigated the effect of fungicides Pictor, SC (0.5 l / ha), Retengo, EC (0.75 l / ha), Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC (0.75 l / ha) was investigated. The treatments were carried out in two terms: once — on 32 and 53 stages on the BBCH scale and twice — at the same terms. The records were performed before application and on the 15th and 30th day after it. The observations were conducted according to generally accepted methods; the incidence and severity of diseases, technical efficiency were determined. Results. It was determined that crops annually struck affected leaf disease Alternaria and Septoria. The highest development was recorded for alternaria leaf spot — 22.5%. For both single and double spraying, the highest level of protection against septoria leaf blotch was observed for the application of Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC (0.75 l / ha), while Pictor, SC (0.5 l / ha) was more efficient against alternaria leaf spot. Conclusions. Te two-fold application of fungicides is more effective, it reduces the development of leaf diseases by 78—96% and preserves the crop within 0,41—0,53 t / ha. Among the studied fungicides, Pictor, EC and Amistar Extra 280 SC, SC showed superior efficacy for all investigated terms.

scholarly journals Assessing the Accuracy of Simulation Model for Septoria Leaf Blotch Disease Progress on Winter Wheat

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El Jarroudi ◽  
P. Delfosse ◽  
H. Maraite ◽  
L. Hoffmann ◽  
B. Tychon
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
The Difference

A mechanistic model, PROCULTURE, for assessing the development of each of the last five leaf layers and the progress of Septoria leaf blotch, caused by Septoria tritici (teleomorph Mycosphaerella graminicola), has been applied on susceptible and weakly susceptible winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars in two locations (Everlange and Reuland) in Luxembourg over a 3-year period (2000 to 2002). A double performance assessment of PROCULTURE was conducted in this study. First, the capability of PROCULTURE to correctly simulate S. tritici incidence was checked. Second, the model's ability to accurately estimate disease severity was assessed on the basis of the difference between simulated and observed levels of disease development at each leaf layer. The model accurately predicted disease occurrence in the 2000 and 2002 seasons, on susceptible and semi-susceptible cultivars, with a probability of detection (POD) exceeding 0.90. However, in 2001, even though the POD never fell below 0.90, the false alarm ratio (FAR) was too high to consider the simulations satisfactory. Concerning the evaluation of disease severity modeling, statistical tests revealed accurate simulations performed by PROCULTURE for susceptible cultivars in 2000 and 2002. By contrast, for weakly susceptible cultivars, the model overestimated disease severity, especially for the upper leaves, for the same period.

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