scholarly journals Known Distribution of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines, in the United States and Canada, 1954 to 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Tylka ◽  
Christopher C. Marett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
The State ◽  
Introduced Pest

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is a major yield-reducing pathogen of soybeans in North America. The nematode is an introduced pest and, therefore, knowledge of the distribution of SCN can be helpful in identifying areas where scouting and management efforts should be focused. Such information is especially important because yield-reducing infestations of SCN can occur without obvious above-ground symptoms appearing. In late 2016, nematologists, plant pathologists, and state plant regulatory officials from the soybean-producing states in the United States and provinces in Canada were queried to obtain the latest information on where the nematode had been found. An updated map of the known distribution of SCN in North America was also created. There were 17 states in which SCN was newly found since 2014, when the map was last updated, including the first discovery of SCN in the state of New York. North Dakota was the state with the greatest number of counties, seven, in which SCN had been newly discovered since 2014. This updated information illustrates that the nematode continues to spread throughout the soybean-growing areas of the continent and emphasizes that continued efforts to scout for and manage SCN are warranted.

Distribution of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines, in the United States and Canada: 1954 to 2014

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Tylka ◽  
Christopher C. Marett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Initial Discovery

The soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) is considered the most damaging pathogen of soybean in the USA and Canada, and causes considerable yield loss in many other soybean-producing countries. It is believed to have been introduced into North America from Asia. The map of the known distribution of H. glycines in the USA and Canada has been updated for 2014. Maps of its known distribution in past years illustrate the spread of the pathogen since its initial discovery in the United States in 1954. Accepted for publication 20 April 2014. Published 27 May 2014.

Characterization of Virulence Phenotypes of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Populations in North Dakota

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intiaz Amin Chowdhury ◽  
Guiping Yan ◽  
Addison Plaisance ◽  
sam markell
Keyword(s):  
North Dakota ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
First Time ◽  
Primary Strategy

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines) continues to be the greatest threat to soybean production in the United States. Since host resistance is the primary strategy used to control SCN, knowledge of SCN virulence phenotypes (HG types) is necessary for choosing sources of resistance for SCN management. To characterize SCN virulence phenotypes in North Dakota (ND), a total of 419 soybean fields across 22 counties were sampled during 2015, 2016, and 2017. SCN was detected in 42% of the fields sampled and population densities in these samples ranged from 30 to 92,800 eggs and juveniles per 100 cm3 of soil. The SCN populations from some of the infested fields were virulence phenotyped with seven soybean indicator lines and a susceptible check (Barnes) using the HG type tests. Overall, 73 SCN field populations were successfully virulence phenotyped. The HG types detected in ND were HG type 0 (frequency rate: 36%), 7 (27%), 2.5.7 (19%), 5.7 (11%), 1.2.5.7 (4%), and 2.7 (2%). However, prior to this study only HG type 0 was detected in ND. The designation of each of the HG types detected was then validated in this study by repeating the HG type tests for thirty-three arbitrarily selected samples. This research for the first time reports several new HG types detected in ND and confirms that the virulence of SCN populations is shifting and overcoming resistance, highlighting the necessity of utilization of different resistance sources, rotation of resistance sources, and identification of novel resistance sources for SCN management in ND.

scholarly journals Known Distribution of the Soybean Cyst Nematode, Heterodera glycines, in the United States and Canada in 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Tylka ◽  
Christopher C. Marett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Rural Municipalities ◽  
Canadian Provinces

In the United States and Canada, the most damaging pathogen of soybean, Glycine max, is the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines. Plant health professionals working for universities and state and provincial departments of agriculture in the United States and Canada are queried periodically about counties and rural municipalities that are newly known to be infested with SCN in their states and provinces. Such a census was conducted in 2020, and the results were compared with results of the most recent survey, published in 2017. Between 2017 and 2020, 55 new SCN-infested counties were reported from 11 U.S. states. Also, 24 new SCN-infested counties and rural municipalities were identified in the Canadian provinces of Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec. A map of the known distribution of SCN in these two countries was updated. The results reveal steady expansion of the distribution of SCN throughout the United States and Canada, and the pest almost certainly will continue to spread among and within soybean-producing areas of these countries in the future. Therefore, continued scouting and soil sampling for detection of new SCN infestations are warranted as the first step toward successfully managing the pathogen.

scholarly journals Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) Distribution in North Carolina, U.S.A.

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weimin Ye
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Soybean Cyst Nematode ◽  
Heterodera Glycines ◽  
Population Level ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Production Losses

Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines Ichinohe, is an obligate, sedentary, and devastating parasite that is a major pathogen of soybean and accounts for an estimated $1.2 billion in production losses annually in the United States. SCN was first discovered in the United States in New Hanover County, North Carolina, in 1954. This report summarizes lab assay and survey results from July 1, 2014, to June 30, 2017. In this period, 100,118 grower samples were assayed for nematodes. SCN was detected in 21,922 of the soil samples (21.9%). The overall population level was 110 ± 266 (10 to 14,600) per 500 cm3 of soil. Based on the assay results from grower and survey soil samples, Anson, Catawba, Chatham, Dare, and Lincoln counties were added to the list of SCN-positive counties documented by June 30, 2014, bringing the total to 57. Johnston (3,462 SCN-positive samples), Wayne (3,274), Nash (2,960), Wilson (2,039), and Pasquotank (1,513) had the most SCN-positive samples. Montgomery (831 SCN/500 cm3 of soil on average), Bladen (790), Washington (610), Carteret (607), and Harnett (368) were found to have the highest SCN population levels.

scholarly journals Collections, Compilations, and Convolutes of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscript Fragments in North America before ca. 1900

Fragmentology ◽  
10.24446/dlll ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 73-139
Author(s):  
Scott Gwara
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
The United States ◽  
New York University ◽  
Historical Society ◽  
Cornell University ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Public Exhibition

Using evidence drawn from S. de Ricci and W. J. Wilson’s Census of Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts in the United States and Canada, American auction records, private library catalogues, public exhibition catalogues, and manuscript fragments surviving in American institutional libraries, this article documents nineteenth-century collections of medieval and Renaissance manuscript fragments in North America before ca. 1900. Surprisingly few fragments can be identified, and most of the private collections have disappeared. The manuscript constituents are found in multiple private libraries, two universities (New York University and Cornell University), and one Learned Society (Massachusetts Historical Society). The fragment collections reflect the collecting genres documented in England in the same period, including albums of discrete fragments, grangerized books, and individual miniatures or “cuttings” (sometimes framed). A distinction is drawn between undecorated text fragments and illuminated ones, explained by aesthetic and scholarly collecting motivations. An interest in text fragments, often from binding waste, can be documented from the 1880s.

Freedom of the Air in the United States

1931 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Blewett Lee
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
York City ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Inland Waters ◽  
State Board

On September 15, 1930, the State Board of Commerce and Navigation of New Jersey made a ruling that aircraft would not be permitted to land on any New Jersey waters above tidewater within the jurisdiction of the state. The application had been made for permission to operate a five passenger flying boat between Nolan's Point, Lake Hopatcong, a vacation resort, and New York City, and to set off a portion of the lake to make a landing place for the hydroairplane. It was stated that other inland waters in New Jersey were being used for a similar purpose, and the ground of the refusal was that aircraft flying from water constituted a menace to surface navigation. This ruling created considerable newspaper comment and aroused vigorous protest from persons interested in aviation, and by order of October 20, 1930, the ruling was limited to Lake Hopatcong.

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