scholarly journals A Molecular Marker Correlated with Selected Virulence Against the Tomato Resistance Gene Mi in Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Xu ◽  
Takashi Narabu ◽  
Takayuki Mizukubo ◽  
Tadaaki Hibi
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Sequence Characterization ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are economically important pathogens of a wide range of crops. The tomato resistance gene Mi typically confers resistance to the three major species, M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria. However, virulent populations completely overcoming the Mi resistance still occur. In an attempt to develop molecular markers for virulence against Mi and gain insights into the genetic relationships among virulent populations of different species and origins, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses of laboratory-selected virulent, field virulent, and avirulent populations of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria were carried out. A RAPD marker, specific for selected virulent populations, was identified, and subsequently, converted to a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). Sequence characterization of the SCAR locus showed that alleles from laboratory- and field-selected virulent populations were highly similar to each other and clearly different from alleles from natural virulent and avirulent populations. This result suggests that the genetic mechanism for virulence against Mi may be similar among selected virulent populations of the three Meloidogyne spp., but different between selected and natural virulent populations. Based on the nucleotide polymorphisms at the SCAR locus, codominant and dominant polymerase chain reaction-based markers were developed enabling rapid diagnosis of selected virulent genotypes in M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria.

scholarly journals Variability among selective guava (Psidium guajava L.) varieties revealed by morphology and RAPD marker

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Alam ◽  
Kazi Didarul Islam ◽  
SM Mahbubur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Range Of Variation

The research was conducted for the assessment of genetic diversity using both morphological and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of twelve guava (Psidium guajava L.) varieties growing in Bangladesh. Morphological characterization of guava varieties showed a wide range of variation. The highest variability was observed between Poly and Jelly varieties.Polymerase chain reaction with 5 arbitrary 10-mer and 3 arbitrary 12- mer RAPD primers produced a total of 50 bands of which 75.23 percent were polymorphic. The highest percentage of polymorphic loci (100%) was observed for primer A and the lowest (50%) for A03 primer. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed the segregation pattern and the difference of evolutionary changes. Guava varieties were separated into two main groups, one of them was made up of Chineese, Jelly, Kazi, Apple, L-49, Local-2 and Local-3. The other one was made up of Local-1, Poly, Kashi, Thai and Bombay. The highest genetic distance between Apple and Kazi peyara indicate that these varieties might be interesting in breeding programme for improving trait of interest. This scientific information could be used for further improvement of guava. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 7(2): 89-98, 2018 (December)

scholarly journals A DNA-Based Procedure for In Planta Detection of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando M. Alves-Santos ◽  
Brisa Ramos ◽  
M. Asunción García-Sánchez ◽  
Arturo P. Eslava ◽  
José María Díaz-Mínguez
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Scar Marker ◽  
Rapd Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Highly Virulent

We have characterized strains of Fusarium oxysporum from common bean fields in Spain that were nonpathogenic on common bean, as well as F. oxysporum strains (F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli) pathogenic to common bean by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. We identified a RAPD marker (RAPD 4.12) specific for the highly virulent pathogenic strains of the seven races of F. oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli. Sequence analysis of RAPD 4.12 allowed the design of oligonucleotides that amplify a 609-bp sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker (SCAR-B310A280). Under controlled environmental and greenhouse conditions, detection of the pathogen by polymerase chain reaction was 100% successful in root samples of infected but still symptomless plants and in stem samples of plants with disease severity of ≥4 in the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT; Cali, Colombia) scale. The diagnostic procedure can be completed in 5 h and allows the detection of all known races of the pathogen in plant samples at early stages of the disease with no visible symptoms.

Isolation of microsatellite and RAPD markers flanking the Yr15 gene of wheat using NILs and bulked segregant analysis

Genome ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1050-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Chagué ◽  
T Fahima ◽  
A Dahan ◽  
G L Sun ◽  
A B Korol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Bulked Segregant Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Rust Resistance Gene ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance Gene

Microsatellite and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were used to identify molecular markers linked to the Yr15 gene which confer resistance to stripe rust (Puccina striiformis Westend) in wheat. By using near isogenic lines (NILs) for the Yr15 gene and a F2 mapping population derived from crosses of these lines and phenotyped for resistance, we identified one microsatellite marker (GWM33) and one RAPD marker (OPA19800) linked to Yr15. Then, bulked segregant analysis was used in addition to the NILs to identify RAPD markers linked to the target gene. Using this approach, two RAPD markers linked to Yr15 were identified, one in coupling (UBC199700) and one in repulsion phase (UBC2121200). After Mapmaker linkage analysis on the F2 population, the two closest markers were shown to be linked to Yr15 within a distance of about 12 cM. The recombination rates were recalculated using the maximum likelihood technique to take into account putative escaped individuals from the stripe rust resistance test and obtain unbiased distance estimates. As a result of this study, the stripe rust resistance gene Yr15 is surrounded by two flanking PCR markers, UBC199700 and GWM33, at about 5 cM from each side.Key words: wheat, Triticum dicoccoides, Yr15 stripe rust resistance gene, genetic mapping, microsatellite markers, RAPD markers.

scholarly journals Identification of Raspberry Cultivars by Sequence Characterized Amplified Region DNA Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Guy Parent ◽  
Danièle Pagé
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Certification Program ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region

Five polymorphic random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers for 13 red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) and two purple raspberry (R. idaeus L. × R. occidentalis L.) cultivars were cloned and their termini sequenced. Sequence-specific 24-mer primer pairs were synthesized as extended RAPD primers and used in sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) DNA analysis. All primer pairs generated polymorphic SCAR markers of the original RAPD marker sizes and length variants. Markers from four of the primer pairs could be easily scored and were adequate to identify the raspberry cultivars of the certification program of the province of Quebec.

scholarly journals Mozambican genetic variation provides new insights into the Bantu expansion

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Semo ◽  
Magdalena Gayà-Vidal ◽  
Cesar Fortes-Lima ◽  
Bérénice Alard ◽  
Sandra Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Genetic Substructure

AbstractThe Bantu expansion, which started in West Central Africa around 5,000 BP, constitutes a major migratory movement involving the joint spread of peoples and languages across sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the rich linguistic and archaeological evidence available, the genetic relationships between different Bantu-speaking populations and the migratory routes they followed during various phases of the expansion remain poorly understood. Here, we analyze the genetic profiles of southwestern and southeastern Bantu-speaking peoples located at the edges of the Bantu expansion by generating genome-wide data for 200 individuals from 12 Mozambican and 3 Angolan populations using ∼1.9 million autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms. Incorporating a wide range of available genetic data, our analyses confirm previous results favoring a “late split” between West and East Bantu speakers, following a joint passage through the rainforest. In addition, we find that Bantu speakers from eastern Africa display genetic substructure, with Mozambican populations forming a gradient of relatedness along a North-South cline stretching from the coastal border between Kenya and Tanzania to South Africa. This gradient is further associated with a southward increase in genetic homogeneity, and involved minimum admixture with resident populations. Together, our results provide the first genetic evidence in support of a rapid North-South dispersal of Bantu peoples along the Indian Ocean Coast, as inferred from the distribution and antiquity of Early Iron Age assemblages associated with the Kwale archaeological tradition.

scholarly journals Development of Molecular Markers Linked to Cladosporium fulvum Resistant Gene Cf-6 in Tomato by RAPD and SSR Methods

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aoxue Wang ◽  
Fanjuan Meng ◽  
Xiangyang Xu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Jingfu Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Cladosporium Fulvum ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Codominant Marker ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Serious Disease

Leaf mold, caused by the fungus Cladosporium fulvum, is a serious disease of tomato. In the current study, the main physiological races of C. fulvum collected from three northeastern provinces of China were identified using a set of identification hosts. The results showed that the prevalent pathogenic physiological races were 1.2.3, 1.3, 3, 1.2.3.4, and 1.2.4. F1, F2, and BC1 tomato plants were obtained by crossing C. fulvum-resistant cultivar 03748 carrying the Cf-6 gene and susceptible cultivar 03036. Three 10-mer oligonucleotide random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers and two simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers were selected for the further molecular marking analysis after 210 RAPD primers and 50 SSR primers were screened using the bulked segregate analysis method. The polymorphic DNA bands were amplified among parents, 10 F1 plants, 184 F2 plants including 145 resistant plants and 39 sensitive plants using three RAPD primers and two SSR primers so that three RAPD molecular markers and two SSR molecular markers linked to the Cf-6 loci were identified. Three RAPD markers were linked to the Cf-6 resistant locus separated with 8.7 cM, 20.3 cM, and 33.4 cM. Also, one RAPD codominant marker S374619/559 was found. The locations of the two SSR markers were 12.6 cM and 9.7 cM away from the Cf-6 locus. After cloning and sequencing two specific DNA fragments closely connected to the Cf-6 resistant and susceptible alleles respectively, in the RAPD codominant marker S374619/559 and one codominant sequence characterized amplified region marker S674619/559 was converted from RAPD marker S374619/559. In the RAPD marker S374619/559, the length difference of two specific fragments, 619-bp fragment and 559-bp fragment, is the result of one insertion (60 bp) in the 619-bp fragment. These markers will facilitate the selection of resistant tomato germplasm containing the Cf-6 gene and cloning of Cf-6 to breed new C. fulvum resistant tomato cultivars.

RAPD markers linked to the nuclear gene from Triticum timopheevii that confers compatibility with Aegilops squarrosa cytoplasm on alloplasmic durum wheat

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Asakura ◽  
Chiharu Nakamura ◽  
Ichiro Ohtsuka
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Triticum Timopheevii ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa

Alien cytoplasms cause a wide range of phenotypic alterations in the nucleus–cytoplasm (NC) hybrids in the Triticeae. Nuclear genomes of timopheevii wheat (Triticum timopheevii and Triticum araraticum) are fully compatible with the cytoplasm of Aegilops squarrosa, while those of a majority of emmer or durum wheat cultivars and more than half the wild emmer wheats are incompatible, and a maternal 1D chromosome is required to restore seed viability and male fertility in the NC hybrids. A euploid NC hybrid of Triticum durum cv. Langdon with Ae. squarrosa cytoplasm produced by introgressing the NC compatibility (Ncc) gene from T. timopheevii was used to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to it. After a survey of 200 random decamer primers, four markers were selected, all of which were completely linked in 64 individuals of a SB8 mapping population. One marker was derived from a single locus, while three others were from interspersed repetitive sequences. Also, the hybrid chromosomes and those of the parental T. durum had identical C-banding patterns. RAPD-PCR analysis of 65 accessions from wild and cultivated tetraploid wheat species showed the exclusive presence of the markers in timopheevii wheat. In conclusion, the chromosomal region flanking Ncc of T. timopheevii is highly conserved in the genome of this group of tetraploid wheats.Key words: nucleus–cytoplasm compatibility, Ncc gene, Aegilops squarrosa, Triticum timopheevii, tetraploid wheat, RAPD marker.

scholarly journals Genetic and Pathogenic Analyses of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Isolates from Strawberry and Noncultivated Hosts

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 446-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Xiao ◽  
S. J. MacKenzie ◽  
D. E. Legard
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Inoculum Sources ◽  
Marker Data ◽  
Colletotrichum Spp ◽  
Species Specific

Colletotrichum crown rot of strawberry in Florida is caused primarily by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. To determine potential inoculum sources, isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from strawberry and various noncultivated plants growing in the areas adjacent to strawberry fields were collected from different sites. Species-specific internal transcribed spacer primers for C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum were used to identify isolates to species. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to determine genetic relationships among isolates recovered from noncultivated hosts and diseased strawberry plants. Selected isolates also were tested for pathogenicity on strawberry plants in the greenhouse. In all, 39 C. gloeosporioides and 3 C. acutatum isolates were recovered from diseased strawberry crowns, and 52 C. gloeosporioides and 1 C. acutatum isolate were recovered from noncultivated hosts. In crown inoculation tests, 18 of the 52 C. gloeosporioides isolates recovered from noncultivated hosts were pathogenic to strawberry. Phylogenetic analysis using RAPD marker data divided isolates of C. gloeosporioides from noncultivated hosts into two separate clusters. One cluster contained 50 of the 52 isolates and a second cluster contained 2 isolates that were homothallic in culture. Isolates from strawberry were interspersed within the cluster containing the 50 isolates that were recovered from noncultivated hosts. The results are not inconsistent with the hypothesis that C. gloeosporioides isolates obtained from strawberry and noncultivated hosts adjacent to strawberry fields are from the same population and that noncultivated hosts can serve as potential inoculum sources for Colletotrichum crown rot of strawberry.

scholarly journals 050 Comparative Analysis of Cultivated Melon Groups (Cucumis melo L.) using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA and Simple Sequence Repeat Markers

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 397B-397
Author(s):  
Jack E. Staub ◽  
Gennaro Fazio ◽  
Thomas Horejsi ◽  
Yael Danin-Poleg ◽  
Noa Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Sequence Repeat ◽  
Ssr Primers ◽  
Nei's Distance ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Simple Sequence

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to characterize genetic relationships among 46 accessions in two C. melo L. subsp. melo (Cantalupensis, Inodorus) and subsp. agrestis (Conomon and Flexuosus) groups. Genetic distance (GD) estimates were made among and between accessions in four melon market classes [Galia, Ogen, Charentais, and Shipper (European and U.S. types)] of Cantalupensis, one market class of Inodorus (Cassaba and Honey Dew), one accession of Conomon, and one accession of Flexuosus by employing three GD estimators; simple matching coefficient, Jaccard's coefficient, and Nei's distance-D. Differences detected among 135 RAPD bands and 54 SSR bands (products of 17 SSR primers) were used to calculate GD. Band polymorphisms observed with 21 RAPD primers and 7 SSR primers was important in the detection of genetic differences. Estimators of GD were highly correlated (P > 0.0001; rs = 0.64 to 0.99) when comparisons were made between estimation methods within a particular marker system. Lower correlations (P > 0.001; rs = 0.17 to 0.40) were detected between marker systems using any one estimator. The GD of the Conomon and Flexuosus accessions was significantly different from the mean GD of all the market classes examined, and market classes were distinguishable from each other. Although lower coefficients of variation can be attained in the estimation of GD when using RAPDs compared to SSRs, the genetic relationships identified using these markers were generally similar. Results of RAPD marker analysis suggest that 80 marker bands were adequate for assessing the genetic variation present in the accessions examined.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document