scholarly journals Variability among selective guava (Psidium guajava L.) varieties revealed by morphology and RAPD marker

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzana Alam ◽  
Kazi Didarul Islam ◽  
SM Mahbubur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Range Of Variation

The research was conducted for the assessment of genetic diversity using both morphological and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of twelve guava (Psidium guajava L.) varieties growing in Bangladesh. Morphological characterization of guava varieties showed a wide range of variation. The highest variability was observed between Poly and Jelly varieties.Polymerase chain reaction with 5 arbitrary 10-mer and 3 arbitrary 12- mer RAPD primers produced a total of 50 bands of which 75.23 percent were polymorphic. The highest percentage of polymorphic loci (100%) was observed for primer A and the lowest (50%) for A03 primer. The UPGMA dendrogram revealed the segregation pattern and the difference of evolutionary changes. Guava varieties were separated into two main groups, one of them was made up of Chineese, Jelly, Kazi, Apple, L-49, Local-2 and Local-3. The other one was made up of Local-1, Poly, Kashi, Thai and Bombay. The highest genetic distance between Apple and Kazi peyara indicate that these varieties might be interesting in breeding programme for improving trait of interest. This scientific information could be used for further improvement of guava. Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 7(2): 89-98, 2018 (December)

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of guava (Psidium guajava L.) germplasm by RAPD analysis

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Ahmed ◽  
MA Mannan ◽  
SA Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Morphological Difference ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Local Farmers

Psidium guajava L. is a perennial fruit tree in subtropical and tropical areas. In Bangladesh, P. guajava has been used as edible fruits and people use it to treat acute diarrhea, cough and intestinal spasmodic diseases. In the present study, morphological and molecular characterizations were used to display different levels of variability. Molecular marker random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was used for the molecular identification of 33 P. guajava germplasm from three selected south-western location of Bangladesh. Among them, eleven commercially cultivated germplasm and the rest twenty two were collected from local farmers. The 10-mer and 12-mer oligonucleotide primers were used in RAPD to amplify. Four primers, A02, A03, S07 and S08, were able to direct the amplification and yield a total of 252 band patterns of which 33.19% were polymorphic. The highest percent of polymorphic loci (37.5%) was observed from primer A03 and the lowest (28.57%) was from primer S08. Results were analyzed by molecular algorithm UPGMA and Neighbor-Joining. Thirty-three genotypes on the dendrogram were identified and divided into two major groups and subgroups on the basis of morphological characteristics and also on the uncultivated and commercial cultivars. The range of genetic distance was observed 0.5253 (Jelly and Thai) to 0.6631 (V30 and V 22). Based on the cluster analysis, the P. guajava samples have morphological difference were grouped independently. The results suggested that RAPD is useful for the discrimination of uncultivated, cultivars P. guajava for high economy.Key words: Guava; Germplasm; RAPD; Marker; Dendrogram.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijns.v1i3.8823International Journal of Natural Sciences (2011), 1(3):62-67

Physico-chemical Characterization of Forest and Agricultural Residues for Energy Conversion Processes

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Hong Nam ◽  
Le Gia Thanh Truc ◽  
Khuong Duy Anh ◽  
Laurent Van De Steene
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Forest Residues ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Biomass Resources ◽  
Thermochemical Processes ◽  
The Difference

Agricultural and forest residues are potential sources of renewable energy in various countries. However, the difference in characteristics of biomass resources presents challenges for energy conversion processes which often require feedstocks that are physically and chemically consistent. This study presented a complete and comprehensive database of characteristics of a wide range of agricultural and forest residues. Moisture, bulk density, calorific value, proximate and elemental compositions, as well as cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin compositions of a wide range of biomass residues were analyzed. The major impacts of the variability in biomass compositions to biochemical and thermochemical processes were also discussed.

scholarly journals Diversity, Distribution and Morphological Characterization of Wild Macro Fungi from Gajni Forest

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-32
Author(s):  
D. R. B. Sonchita ◽  
F. M. Aminuzzaman ◽  
A. A. Joty ◽  
J. F. Tanni ◽  
M. N. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Industrial Utilization ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Made In

Survey on macro fungi was made in Gajni forest, Sherpur, Bangladesh which is located in between 24°18' and 25°18' north latitudes and in between 89°53' and 90°91' east longitudes. It is bounded by Meghalaya state of India on the north, Mymensingh and Jamalpur districts on the south with a wide range of ecosystem. The survey was conducted on July to December, 2018 to identify and preserve wood-rot causal macro fungi for future industrial utilization. Morphology of basidiocarp and characteristics of basidiospore were recorded. A total of 20 samples were collected and identified to 12 species belonging 7 families. Dominant species was Ganoderma species. The identified four species were from Ganodermataceae family and these were G. applanatum, G. lucidum, G. tropicum and G. lobetum. Other dominant genus was Russula. Other recorded genera were Hebeloma, Boletus, Phlebopus and Entoloma. Among them the highest frequency (85.72%) was recorded for G. applanatum and lowest frequency (7.14%) was recorded for Phlebopus marginatus. Similarly highest density (20.25%) was recorded for Agaricus sp. followed by G. lucidum (15.85%). The lowest density was (2.14%) was recorded for Phlebopus marginatus. Collected specimens were preserved in Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Herberium of Macro fungi (SHMF) for further study.

scholarly journals Development of random amplified polymorphic DNA markers for authentication of Croton tiglium Linn.

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-166
Author(s):  
Shweta Vekariya ◽  
◽  
Krushnkumar Taviad ◽  
RN Acharya RN ◽  
CN Harisha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Croton Tiglium ◽  
Young Leaves

Background: Croton tiglium Linn., commonly known as Jayapala, in Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia, is wellknown for its purgative action. In the herbal raw drug market, seeds of Baliospermum montanum Blume., Ricinus communis Linn. and Croton roxburghii Wall. etc. are sold in the name of Jayapla seeds due to their morphological similarities. Hence their identification through molecular characters is need of the hour. Aim: Present study aims with the molecular characterization of young leaves of C. tiglium Linn. Materials & Methods: Fresh young leaves of C. tiglium Linn. were collected from its natural habitat Udupi, Karnnataka, during January 2017. It was used for molecular characterization and DNA fingerprints, by standard and most convenient Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers at Food testing laboratory, Junagadh Agriculture University, Gujarat, India. Results: All the primers gave good band patterns. Primer 5, 6, 8, 11 and 13 showed more number of light and bright bands matching characters with plant. Conclusion: Observed RAPD marker can be used to differentiate genuine as well as adulterated samples. The results may be used for the further research purposes and also required DNA Barcoding studies for further authentication.

scholarly journals Characterization of Nigerian Sesame (Sesamum Indicum L.) Using Random Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) Marker

2019 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Alege Gbenga Olorunshola
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Uv Illumination ◽  
Sesame Genotypes ◽  
High Level

The assessment of genetic diversity among 23 sesame genotypes (Sesamum indicum L.) obtained from different locations across 10 states in Nigeria was carried out using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique. The field trial tests were carried out on the 23 sesame accessions for two seasons to have uniform genotypes from each accessions. A standard protocol of CTAB with slight modifications was employed for DNA extracted from the harvested seeds. The extracted DNA samples were observed under UV illumination using agarose gel electrophoresis after staining with ethidium bromide. A total of 7 primers were used for PCR amplification, 5 of which have been previously used to discriminate sesame genotypes from other countries. Only 3 of the 7 primers considered produced strong amplification with the selected 23 sesame samples. A total of 47 amplified products were produced by the 3 primers among the 23 accessions all of which are 100% polymorphic. The estimates of similarity index for the 23 accessions ranged from 0.29 to 0.92. Cluster analysis revealed 2 main clusters with some of the accessions from different geographical origin cluster together in the same group which might indicate the involvement of human factor in the spread of sesame varieties in Nigeria. The relevance of RAPD to this study was evident from the high level of polymorphism reported in this study. There is therefore existence of adequate genetic diversity among the 23 Nigerian sesame accessions for sesame breeders to develop improved varieties.

scholarly journals A Molecular Marker Correlated with Selected Virulence Against the Tomato Resistance Gene Mi in Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Xu ◽  
Takashi Narabu ◽  
Takayuki Mizukubo ◽  
Tadaaki Hibi
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Sequence Characterization ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

Root-knot nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne are economically important pathogens of a wide range of crops. The tomato resistance gene Mi typically confers resistance to the three major species, M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria. However, virulent populations completely overcoming the Mi resistance still occur. In an attempt to develop molecular markers for virulence against Mi and gain insights into the genetic relationships among virulent populations of different species and origins, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analyses of laboratory-selected virulent, field virulent, and avirulent populations of M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria were carried out. A RAPD marker, specific for selected virulent populations, was identified, and subsequently, converted to a sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR). Sequence characterization of the SCAR locus showed that alleles from laboratory- and field-selected virulent populations were highly similar to each other and clearly different from alleles from natural virulent and avirulent populations. This result suggests that the genetic mechanism for virulence against Mi may be similar among selected virulent populations of the three Meloidogyne spp., but different between selected and natural virulent populations. Based on the nucleotide polymorphisms at the SCAR locus, codominant and dominant polymerase chain reaction-based markers were developed enabling rapid diagnosis of selected virulent genotypes in M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. arenaria.

scholarly journals Genetic variability in clones of 'Prata Anã' bananas based on phenotypic and molecular markers

Bragantia ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Ermelindo Rodrigues ◽  
Samira Santiago Librelon ◽  
Silvia Nietsche ◽  
Márcia Regina Costa ◽  
Marlon Cristian Toledo Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
Polymorphic Bands ◽  
Dna Primers

The objective of this study was to examine the molecular and phenotypic variability of 'Prata Anã' banana clones cultivated in northern Minas Gerais State. For the phenotypic and molecular characterization, the clones were collected from five properties. The morphological characterization of 20 clones was accomplished through a qualitative evaluation of 74 descriptors. For the molecular evaluations, 45 clones were collected, and 14 Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA primers were used. Among the 74 morphological descriptors evaluated in the 20 'Prata Anã' banana tree clones, 53 descriptors presented in the same homogeneous class for all clones. The presence of anthocyanin in the pseudostem (ANT) and the shape (BUS) and flexion (FLX) of the bunch clearly differentiated the 'Prata Anã' banana clones from the commercial cultivar. A total of 176 bands were produced from the molecular analysis using the 14 RAPD primers; there were 116 monomorphic and 60 polymorphic bands, with an average polymorphism percentage of 52.2%. The amplification using the OPP 14 primer resulted in the greatest percentage of polymorphic bands at 88%. The dendrogram indicated that each of the 45 'Prata Anã' clones that were evaluated using RAPD markers clustered with the commercial 'Prata Anã' cultivar.

scholarly journals Genotypic Effects on Morphological Characterization of Fruit Traits in Mulberry

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Faruque Ahmed ◽  
Anwar Hossain ◽  
Nasir Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Md. Jahangir Alam ◽  
Md. Shoriful Islam
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Traits ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The research was conducted to evaluate the morphological variability in fruits traits among the mulberry genotypes grown in Mulberry Germplasm Bank of Bangladesh Sericulture Research and Training Institute (BSRTI), Rajshahi, during 2018–2020. The aim of the research was to find out the genotypes accessibility for varietal improvement. Total 50 mulberry genotypes were morphologically characterized on fruit traits through this research. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and the plantation system was high bush. Each plot consists of 20 plants and unit plot size was 4 m × 5 m. Fruit colour, fruit taste and seed colour was determined. Nine distinct fruit colours such as reddish-black (23.33%), black-berry (18.33%), cream (10%), black (8.33%), white-cream (6.67%), pink (6.67%), pinkish (3.33%), orange (3.33%) and radish (1.67%) were observed among several germplasms. Remarkable variation was found in fruit taste such as sour sweet (28.33%), sweet (21.67%), light sweet (5%), light-sour sweet (5%) and deep sweet (5%), respectively. Five colored of seed viz: light yellow, light brown, yellowish brown, dark brown and blackish brown were observed among the germplasm. Length of the fruit diverse from 0.73 (BSRM-8) to 5.58 (BSRM-56 and widthfrom 0.52 (BSRM-8) to1.9 (BSRM-56),single fruit weight varied from 0.07 (BSRM-8) to 4.11 (BSRM-56), fruit weight per plant varied from 101.47 (BSRM-11) to 2250.43 (BSRM-56), seed setting (%) varied from 8.13 (BSRM-29) to 94.24 (BSRM-16), sprouting (%) varied from 36.67 (BSRM-22) to 96.67 (BSRM-38), rooting (%) varied from 13.89 (BSRM-22) to 98.33 (BSRM-10),achene number/fruit varied from 12.53 (BSRM-10) to118.10 (BSRM-56), seed number/fruit varied from 2.99 (BSRM-8) to 47.86 (BSRM-56) and 100 seed weight varied from 0.019 (BSRM-35) to 0.166 (BSRM-56), respectively. Results showed that the black-berry, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-56), cream colored, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-1) and white cream, sweet tasted fruited mulberry (BSRM-34) was promising on the basis of greatest fruit production potential to be appears for further commercial utilization. Generally, a wide range of variation was exhibited among the sampled and characterized genotypes.

RAPD markers linked to the nuclear gene from Triticum timopheevii that confers compatibility with Aegilops squarrosa cytoplasm on alloplasmic durum wheat

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuaki Asakura ◽  
Chiharu Nakamura ◽  
Ichiro Ohtsuka
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Rapd Marker ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Triticum Timopheevii ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aegilops Squarrosa

Alien cytoplasms cause a wide range of phenotypic alterations in the nucleus–cytoplasm (NC) hybrids in the Triticeae. Nuclear genomes of timopheevii wheat (Triticum timopheevii and Triticum araraticum) are fully compatible with the cytoplasm of Aegilops squarrosa, while those of a majority of emmer or durum wheat cultivars and more than half the wild emmer wheats are incompatible, and a maternal 1D chromosome is required to restore seed viability and male fertility in the NC hybrids. A euploid NC hybrid of Triticum durum cv. Langdon with Ae. squarrosa cytoplasm produced by introgressing the NC compatibility (Ncc) gene from T. timopheevii was used to identify random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers linked to it. After a survey of 200 random decamer primers, four markers were selected, all of which were completely linked in 64 individuals of a SB8 mapping population. One marker was derived from a single locus, while three others were from interspersed repetitive sequences. Also, the hybrid chromosomes and those of the parental T. durum had identical C-banding patterns. RAPD-PCR analysis of 65 accessions from wild and cultivated tetraploid wheat species showed the exclusive presence of the markers in timopheevii wheat. In conclusion, the chromosomal region flanking Ncc of T. timopheevii is highly conserved in the genome of this group of tetraploid wheats.Key words: nucleus–cytoplasm compatibility, Ncc gene, Aegilops squarrosa, Triticum timopheevii, tetraploid wheat, RAPD marker.

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