scholarly journals Obesity impairs ADAM17‐mediated vascularization of pericardial adipose tissue in patients with coronary artery disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsolt Bagi ◽  
Marta Balogh ◽  
Alec Davila ◽  
Yanna Tian ◽  
Vijay Patel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Association of Pericardiac Adipose Tissue With Coronary Artery Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxuan Li ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Yanglei Li ◽  
Shuyi Zhang ◽  
Lei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Artery Disease

Background and AimCoronary artery disease (CAD) poses a worldwide health threat. Compelling evidence shows that pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), a brown-like adipose adjacent to the external surface of the pericardium, is associated with CAD. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of PAT in CAD are elusive. This study aims to characterize human PAT and explore its association with CAD.MethodsWe acquired samples of PAT from 31 elective cardiac surgery patients (17 CAD patients and 14 controls). The transcriptome characteristics were assessed in 5 CAD patients and 4 controls via RNA-sequencing. Cluster profile R package, String database, Cytoscape were applied to analyze the potential pathways and PPI-network key to DEGS, whereas the hubgenes were predicted via Metascape, Cytohubba, and MCODE. We use Cibersort, ENCORI, and DGIDB to predict immunoinfiltration, mRNA-miRNA target gene network, and search potential drugs targeting key DEGs. The predictable hubgenes and infiltrating inflammatory cells were validated in 22 patients (12 CAD samples and 10 control samples) through RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry.ResultsA total of 147 different genes (104 up-regulated genes and 43 down-regulated genes) were identified in CAD patients. These different genes were associated with immunity and inflammatory dysfunction. Cibersort analysis showed monocytes and macrophages were the most common subsets in immune cells, whereas immunohistochemical results revealed there were more macrophages and higher proportion of M1 subtype cells in PAT of CAD patients. The PPI network and module analysis uncovered several crucial genes, defined as candidate genes, including Jun, ATF3, CXCR4, FOSB, CCl4, which were validated through RT-qPCR. The miRNA-mRNA network implicated hsa-miR-185-5p as diagnostic targets and drug-gene network showed colchicine, fenofibrate as potential therapeutic drugs, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that PAT is mainly associated with the occurrence of CAD following the dysfunction of immune and inflammatory processes. The identified hubgenes, predicted drugs and miRNAs are promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CAD.

scholarly journals Pericardial adipose tissue is an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease and is associated with risk factors of coronary artery disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052092673
Author(s):  
Yueqiao Si ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Jingyi Liu ◽  
Zhenjiang Ding ◽  
Chao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Fat Volume

Objective Pericardial adipose tissue volume (PATV) is related to the mechanism of coronary artery disease (CAD), but its association with CAD risk factors is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between PATV and its associated factors. Methods A total of 682 inpatients were consecutively enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into the high PATV group (PATV ≥174.5 cm3; n = 506) and low PATV group (PATV  < 174.5 cm3; n = 176). Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the related factors of PATV. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of CAD. Results Left ventricular fat volume, right ventricular fat volume, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significant and independent risk factors of enlargement of PATV. Increased PATV was identified as an independent risk factor of CAD, and increased pulse pressure was also independently and positively correlated with CAD. Conclusions PATV is significantly correlated with the classic risk factors of CAD. Pulse pressure is also correlated with PATV. PATV is an independent risk factor of CAD, and pericardial adipose tissue may alternatively be used in non-invasive diagnostic examination of CAD.

scholarly journals P376 Epicardial to pericardial adipose tissue ratio: predicting ischemic etiology of left ventricular systolic dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Garcia Campos ◽  
V Alonso Vazquez ◽  
S Colunga Blanco ◽  
E Velasco Alonso ◽  
B Vega Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EPI) and pericardial adipose tissue (PERI) measured using echocardiography or magnetic resonance imaging have shown to be markers of metabolic syndrome and begin to be regarded as predictors of coronary artery disease. EPI is also thought to have paracrine effects on coronary vessels and, therefore, might be more intimately linked to ischemic heart disease. Purpose We aim to study if EPI related to PERI thickness is a predictor of ischemic etiology of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction among ambulatory patients. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 56 consecutive patients followed on a heart failure clinic. A cardiologist, blind to the clinical records and systolic dysfunction etiology, reviewed the echocardiographic images and measured EPI and PERI thickness on right ventricle free wall (parasternal long axis view). Cardiovascular risk factors, body mass inex (BMI), LV dimensions by echo, LV systolic dysfunction etiology (investigated by other means such as angiography or magnetic resonance) were analyzed. Results Echocardiographic image quality allowed for analyzing 55 patients (80% male, 62% hypertension, 51% diabetes, 44% dyslipidemia, BMI 28,9 ± 4,0, age 66 ± 14 years). Mean EPI thickness was 3,4 ± 2,0 mm and PERI was 5,6 ± 3,4 mm. LV ejection fraction 33 ± 10% and LV end diastolic volume 157 ± 48ml. Supplementary investigations showed an ischemic etiology of LV systolic dysfunction in 45% of patients. We found that patients with EPI thickness equal or greater than PERI were more likely to have an ischemic etiology (univariate analysis: OR 9,8 p = 0,002; adjusted for BMI and diabetes: OR 5,8 p = 0,032). Conclusions Epicardial adipose tissue thickness equal or greater than pericardial adipose tissue, parameter easily obtained using transthoracic echocardiography, may predict ischemic etiology of LV systolic dysfunction in a cohort of ambulatory patients . Future research will be necessary to confirm this finding and its possible value in every-day clinical practice as marker of coronary artery disease. ALL ISCHEMIC NON ISCHEMIC p Epicardial Adipose Tissue 3,4 ± 2,0 3,7 ± 1,6 3,1 ± 2,2 0,53 Pericardial Adipose Tissue 5,6 ± 3,4 4,6 ± 3,0 6,4 ± 3,5 0,09 Ratio EPI/PERI 0,82 ± 0,66 1,16 ± 0,83 0,55 ± 0,28 0,000 Table Adipose tissue thickness measured on paraesternal long axis (mm): mean ± SD.

The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Lymphocytes in Low-Grade Inflammation and Coronary Artery Disease

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 469-P
Author(s):  
MILOS MRAZ ◽  
ANNA CINKAJZLOVA ◽  
ZDENA LACINOVÁ ◽  
JANA KLOUCKOVA ◽  
HELENA KRATOCHVILOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Role of smoking on body fat distribution and coronary artery disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sabet ◽  
S Elkaffas ◽  
S.W.G Bakhoum ◽  
H Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Introduction Smoking and obesity are recognized as important modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the general perception that smoking protects against obesity is a common reason for starting, and/or not quitting smoking. Purpose To detect the quantity, quality and relative distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) estimated by abdominal computed tomography in smokers versus non- smokers. Methods The abdominal muscular wall was traced manually to calculate SAT and VAT areas (cm2) (outside and inside abdominal muscular wall respectively) as well as SAT density [Hounsfield units (HU)] at L4-L5 in 409 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of chest pain by multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCT-CA). Results 26% of the studied patients (n=107) were current smokers, while the remaining 74% (n=302) never smoked. Coronary artery atherosclerosis was more prevalent in smokers compared to non-smokers (64.5% vs 55.0%; p=0.09). Smokers had statistically significantly lower body mass index (BMI) (31.2±4.3 vs. 32.5±4.7 kg/m2; p=0.015), hip circumference (HC) (98.6±22.5 vs. 103.9±20.9 cm; p=0.031), total fat area (441.62±166.34 vs. 517.95±169.51cm2; p&lt;0.001), and SAT area (313.07±125.54 vs. 390.93±143.28 cm2; p&lt;0.001) as compared to non-smokers. However, smokers had statistically significantly greater waist-to-hip ratio (0.98±0.08 vs. 0.96±0.08; p=0.010), VAT/SAT area ratio (0.41±0.23 vs. 0.35±0.20; p=0.013), and denser SAT depot (−98.91±7.71 vs. −102.08±6.44 HU; p&lt;0.001). Conclusion Smoking contributes to CAD and to the pathogenic redistribution of body fat towards VAT, through limiting SAT potential to expand. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Adipokines and coronary artery disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Strisciuglio ◽  
Gennaro Galasso ◽  
Dario Leosco ◽  
Roberta De Rosa ◽  
Giuseppe Di Gioia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Pleiotropic Function

Adipose tissue, besides being an important energetic storage, is also a source of cytokines and hormones which act in a paracrine, autocrine and especially endocrine manner, influencing the cardiometabolic axis. Adipokines are a group of mediators with pleiotropic function, that are involved in many physiological processes, so that a disregulation in their secretion can lead to multiple pathological conditions. In this review our aim was to clarify the role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, especially in coronary artery disease, and based on current scientific evidence, to analyze the therapeutic and behavioral strategies that are so far available.

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