scholarly journals Association of Pericardiac Adipose Tissue With Coronary Artery Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingxuan Li ◽  
Lin Qi ◽  
Yanglei Li ◽  
Shuyi Zhang ◽  
Lei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Ppi Network ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Artery Disease

Background and AimCoronary artery disease (CAD) poses a worldwide health threat. Compelling evidence shows that pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), a brown-like adipose adjacent to the external surface of the pericardium, is associated with CAD. However, the specific molecular mechanisms of PAT in CAD are elusive. This study aims to characterize human PAT and explore its association with CAD.MethodsWe acquired samples of PAT from 31 elective cardiac surgery patients (17 CAD patients and 14 controls). The transcriptome characteristics were assessed in 5 CAD patients and 4 controls via RNA-sequencing. Cluster profile R package, String database, Cytoscape were applied to analyze the potential pathways and PPI-network key to DEGS, whereas the hubgenes were predicted via Metascape, Cytohubba, and MCODE. We use Cibersort, ENCORI, and DGIDB to predict immunoinfiltration, mRNA-miRNA target gene network, and search potential drugs targeting key DEGs. The predictable hubgenes and infiltrating inflammatory cells were validated in 22 patients (12 CAD samples and 10 control samples) through RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry.ResultsA total of 147 different genes (104 up-regulated genes and 43 down-regulated genes) were identified in CAD patients. These different genes were associated with immunity and inflammatory dysfunction. Cibersort analysis showed monocytes and macrophages were the most common subsets in immune cells, whereas immunohistochemical results revealed there were more macrophages and higher proportion of M1 subtype cells in PAT of CAD patients. The PPI network and module analysis uncovered several crucial genes, defined as candidate genes, including Jun, ATF3, CXCR4, FOSB, CCl4, which were validated through RT-qPCR. The miRNA-mRNA network implicated hsa-miR-185-5p as diagnostic targets and drug-gene network showed colchicine, fenofibrate as potential therapeutic drugs, respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that PAT is mainly associated with the occurrence of CAD following the dysfunction of immune and inflammatory processes. The identified hubgenes, predicted drugs and miRNAs are promising biomarkers and therapeutic targets for CAD.

scholarly journals Dendritic Cells in Subcutaneous and Epicardial Adipose Tissue of Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes, Obesity, and Coronary Artery Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Mráz ◽  
Anna Cinkajzlová ◽  
Jana Kloučková ◽  
Zdeňka Lacinová ◽  
Helena Kratochvílová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Artery Disease

Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen-presenting cells contributing to regulation of lymphocyte immune response. DCs are divided into two subtypes: CD11c-positive conventional or myeloid (cDCs) and CD123-positive plasmacytoid (pDCs) DCs. The aim of the study was to assess DCs (HLA-DR+ lineage-) and their subtypes by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and subcutaneous (SAT) and epicardial (EAT) adipose tissue in subjects with (T2DM, n=12) and without (non-T2DM, n=17) type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Subjects with T2DM had higher fasting glycemia (8.6±0.7 vs. 5.8±0.2 mmol/l, p<0.001) and glycated hemoglobin (52.0±3.4 vs. 36.9±1.0 mmol/mol, p<0.001) and tended to have more pronounced inflammation (hsCRP: 9.8±3.1 vs. 5.1±1.9 mg/ml, p=0.177) compared with subjects without T2DM. T2DM was associated with reduced total DCs in SAT (1.57±0.65 vs. 4.45±1.56% for T2DM vs. non-T2DM, p=0.041) with a similar, albeit insignificant, trend in EAT (0.996±0.33 vs. 2.46±0.78% for T2DM vs. non-T2DM, p=0.171). When analyzing DC subsets, no difference in cDCs was seen between any of the studied groups or adipose tissue pools. In contrast, pDCs were increased in both SAT (13.5±2.0 vs. 4.6±1.9% of DC cells, p=0.005) and EAT (29.1±8.7 vs. 8.4±2.4% of DC, p=0.045) of T2DM relative to non-T2DM subjects as well as in EAT of the T2DM group compared with corresponding SAT (29.1±8.7 vs. 13.5±2.0% of DC, p=0.020). Neither obesity nor coronary artery disease (CAD) significantly influenced the number of total, cDC, or pDC in SAT or EAT according to multiple regression analysis. In summary, T2DM decreased the amount of total dendritic cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue and increased plasmacytoid dendritic cells in subcutaneous and even more in epicardial adipose tissue. These findings suggest a potential role of pDCs in the development of T2DM-associated adipose tissue low-grade inflammation.

scholarly journals Integration of Gene Expression Profile Data of Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue from Coronary Artery Disease to Verification of Hub Genes and Pathways

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weitie Wang ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Hulin Piao ◽  
Bo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Focal Adhesion ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Hub Genes ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Ppi Networks ◽  
Artery Disease

Background. This study aim to identify the core pathogenic genes and explore the potential molecular mechanisms of human coronary artery disease (CAD). Methodology. Two gene profiles of epicardial adipose tissue from CAD patients including GSE 18612 and GSE 64554 were downloaded and integrated by R software packages. All the coexpression of deferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were picked out and analyzed by DAVID online bioinformatic tools. In addition, the DEGs were totally typed into protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks to get the interaction data among all coexpression genes. Pictures were drawn by cytoscape software with the PPI networks data. CytoHubba were used to predict the hub genes by degree analysis. Finally all the top 10 hub genes and prediction genes in Molecular complex detection were analyzed by Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis. qRT-PCR were used to identified all the 10 hub genes. Results. The top 10 hub genes calculated by the degree method were AKT1, MYC, EGFR, ACTB, CDC42, IGF1, FGF2, CXCR4, MMP2 and LYN, which relevant with the focal adhesion pathway. Module analysis revealed that the focal adhesion was also acted an important role in CAD, which was consistence with cytoHubba. All the top 10 hub genes were verified by qRT-PCR which presented that AKT1, EGFR, CDC42, FGF2, and MMP2 were significantly decreased in epicardial adipose tissue of CAD samples (p<0.05) and MYC, ACTB, IGF1, CXCR4, and LYN were significantly increased (p<0.05). Conclusions. These candidate genes could be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of CAD.

scholarly journals Coronary Artery Disease Is Associated with an Increased Amount of T Lymphocytes in Human Epicardial Adipose Tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Mráz ◽  
Anna Cinkajzlová ◽  
Jana Kloučková ◽  
Zdeňka Lacinová ◽  
Helena Kratochvílová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Immunocompetent cells including lymphocytes play a key role in the development of adipose tissue inflammation and obesity-related cardiovascular complications. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between epicardial adipose tissue lymphocytes and coronary artery disease (CAD). To this end, we studied the content and phenotype of lymphocytes in peripheral blood, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) in subjects with and without CAD undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Eleven subjects without CAD (non-CAD group) and 22 age-, BMI-, and HbA1C-matched individuals with CAD were included into the study. Blood, SAT, and EAT samples were obtained at the beginning of surgery. Lymphocyte populations were quantified as % of CD45+ cells using flow cytometry. Subjects with CAD had a higher total lymphocyte amount in EAT compared with SAT (32.24±7.45 vs. 11.22±1.34%, p=0.025) with a similar trend observed in non-CAD subjects (29.68±7.61 vs. 10.13±2.01%, p=0.067). T (CD3+) cells were increased (75.33±2.18 vs. 65.24±4.49%, p=0.032) and CD3- cells decreased (21.17±2.26 vs. 31.64±4.40%, p=0.028) in EAT of CAD relative to the non-CAD group. In both groups, EAT showed an elevated percentage of B cells (5.22±2.43 vs. 0.96±0.21%, p=0.039 for CAD and 12.49±5.83 vs. 1.16±0.19%, p=0.016 for non-CAD) and reduced natural killer (NK) cells (5.96±1.32 vs. 13.22±2.10%, p=0.012 for CAD and 5.32±1.97 vs. 13.81±2.72%, p=0.022 for non-CAD) relative to SAT. In conclusion, epicardial adipose tissue in subjects with CAD shows an increased amount of T lymphocytes relative to non-CAD individuals as well as a higher number of total and B lymphocytes and reduced NK cells as compared with corresponding SAT. These changes could contribute to the development of local inflammation and coronary atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Pericardial adipose tissue is an independent risk factor of coronary artery disease and is associated with risk factors of coronary artery disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 030006052092673
Author(s):  
Yueqiao Si ◽  
Zhixin Cui ◽  
Jingyi Liu ◽  
Zhenjiang Ding ◽  
Chao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Fat Volume

Objective Pericardial adipose tissue volume (PATV) is related to the mechanism of coronary artery disease (CAD), but its association with CAD risk factors is not clear. This study aimed to investigate the relationships between PATV and its associated factors. Methods A total of 682 inpatients were consecutively enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into the high PATV group (PATV ≥174.5 cm3; n = 506) and low PATV group (PATV  < 174.5 cm3; n = 176). Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the related factors of PATV. Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of CAD. Results Left ventricular fat volume, right ventricular fat volume, body mass index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significant and independent risk factors of enlargement of PATV. Increased PATV was identified as an independent risk factor of CAD, and increased pulse pressure was also independently and positively correlated with CAD. Conclusions PATV is significantly correlated with the classic risk factors of CAD. Pulse pressure is also correlated with PATV. PATV is an independent risk factor of CAD, and pericardial adipose tissue may alternatively be used in non-invasive diagnostic examination of CAD.

scholarly journals Changes in Omentin Levels and Its mRNA Expression in Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients Undergoing Elective Cardiac Surgery: the Influence of Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Heart Disease

2018 ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. MATLOCH ◽  
H. KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ ◽  
A. CINKAJZLOVÁ ◽  
M. LIPŠ ◽  
P. KOPECKÝ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Artery Disease

Omentin is a protein produced by numerous tissues including adipose tissue. Its concentrations are decreased in patients with obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Experimental studies suggest that omentin may have anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties. In the present study, we measured circulating omentin levels and its mRNA expression in epicardial and subcutaneous fat, intercostal and heart muscle before and after elective cardiac surgery in patients with CAD (CAD+, DM-, n=18), combination of CAD and DM (CAD+, DM+, n=9) or with none of these conditions (CAD-, DM-, n=11). The groups did not differ in baseline anthropometric and biochemical characteristics with the exception of higher blood glucose and HBA1c in CAD+, DM+ group. Baseline circulating omentin levels tended to be lower in CAD+, DM- and CAD+, DM+ groups as compared to CAD-, DM- group and cardiac surgery increased its concentration only in CAD-, DM- group. The change in serum omentin levels during surgery inversely correlated with epicardial fat thickness. While baseline omentin mRNA expression did not differ among the groups in any of the studied tissues, its increase after surgery was present only in subcutaneous fat in CAD-, DM- and CAD+, DM- groups, but not in CAD+, DM+ group. Intercostal muscle omentin mRNA expression increased after surgery only in CAD-, DM- group. In conclusion, cardiac surgery differentially affects omentin levels and subcutaneous fat and skeletal muscle mRNA expression in patients without coronary artery disease and diabetes as compared to patients with these conditions.

scholarly journals P376 Epicardial to pericardial adipose tissue ratio: predicting ischemic etiology of left ventricular systolic dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Garcia Campos ◽  
V Alonso Vazquez ◽  
S Colunga Blanco ◽  
E Velasco Alonso ◽  
B Vega Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Systolic Dysfunction ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Tissue Thickness ◽  
Pericardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Ambulatory Patients ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Epicardial adipose tissue (EPI) and pericardial adipose tissue (PERI) measured using echocardiography or magnetic resonance imaging have shown to be markers of metabolic syndrome and begin to be regarded as predictors of coronary artery disease. EPI is also thought to have paracrine effects on coronary vessels and, therefore, might be more intimately linked to ischemic heart disease. Purpose We aim to study if EPI related to PERI thickness is a predictor of ischemic etiology of left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction among ambulatory patients. Methods We retrospectively evaluated 56 consecutive patients followed on a heart failure clinic. A cardiologist, blind to the clinical records and systolic dysfunction etiology, reviewed the echocardiographic images and measured EPI and PERI thickness on right ventricle free wall (parasternal long axis view). Cardiovascular risk factors, body mass inex (BMI), LV dimensions by echo, LV systolic dysfunction etiology (investigated by other means such as angiography or magnetic resonance) were analyzed. Results Echocardiographic image quality allowed for analyzing 55 patients (80% male, 62% hypertension, 51% diabetes, 44% dyslipidemia, BMI 28,9 ± 4,0, age 66 ± 14 years). Mean EPI thickness was 3,4 ± 2,0 mm and PERI was 5,6 ± 3,4 mm. LV ejection fraction 33 ± 10% and LV end diastolic volume 157 ± 48ml. Supplementary investigations showed an ischemic etiology of LV systolic dysfunction in 45% of patients. We found that patients with EPI thickness equal or greater than PERI were more likely to have an ischemic etiology (univariate analysis: OR 9,8 p = 0,002; adjusted for BMI and diabetes: OR 5,8 p = 0,032). Conclusions Epicardial adipose tissue thickness equal or greater than pericardial adipose tissue, parameter easily obtained using transthoracic echocardiography, may predict ischemic etiology of LV systolic dysfunction in a cohort of ambulatory patients . Future research will be necessary to confirm this finding and its possible value in every-day clinical practice as marker of coronary artery disease. ALL ISCHEMIC NON ISCHEMIC p Epicardial Adipose Tissue 3,4 ± 2,0 3,7 ± 1,6 3,1 ± 2,2 0,53 Pericardial Adipose Tissue 5,6 ± 3,4 4,6 ± 3,0 6,4 ± 3,5 0,09 Ratio EPI/PERI 0,82 ± 0,66 1,16 ± 0,83 0,55 ± 0,28 0,000 Table Adipose tissue thickness measured on paraesternal long axis (mm): mean ± SD.

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