scholarly journals Role of sphingosine kinase 1 and sphingosine‐1‐phosphate in CD40 signaling and IgE class switching

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 4347-4358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugene Y. Kim ◽  
Jamie L. Sturgill ◽  
Nitai C. Hait ◽  
Dorit Avni ◽  
Evelyn C. Valencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Class Switching ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

scholarly journals The Functional Role of Sphingosine Kinase 2

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Diaz Escarcega ◽  
Louise D. McCullough ◽  
Andrey S. Tsvetkov
Keyword(s):  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Telomere Maintenance ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Lipid Molecule ◽  
Nuclear Signaling ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 2 ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Associated Conditions ◽  
Health And Disease

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid molecule that is present in all eukaryotic cells and plays key roles in various extracellular, cytosolic, and nuclear signaling pathways. Two sphingosine kinase isoforms, sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) and sphingosine kinase 2 (SPHK2), synthesize S1P by phosphorylating sphingosine. While SPHK1 is a cytoplasmic kinase, SPHK2 is localized to the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria. The SPHK2/S1P pathway regulates transcription, telomere maintenance, mitochondrial respiration, among many other processes. SPHK2 is under investigation as a target for treating many age-associated conditions, such as cancer, stroke, and neurodegeneration. In this review, we will focus on the role of SPHK2 in health and disease.

scholarly journals The Role of Sphingosine Kinase 1/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Pathway in the Myogenic Tone of Posterior Cerebral Arteries

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e35177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihwa Lim ◽  
Soo-Kyoung Choi ◽  
Young-Eun Cho ◽  
Soo-In Yeon ◽  
Eok-Cheon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Myogenic Tone ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

scholarly journals Sfingolipidi bioattivi e loro ruolo nell'azione biologica di fattori di crescita e citochine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Bernacchioni
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Biological Action ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Ceramide 1 ◽  
Muscular Damage ◽  
Fattori Di Crescita

This book gives an analysis of the role of the bioactive sphingolipids sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P) in the skeletal muscle. The enzyme that produces S1P, sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) has proved crucial in the biological action of growth factors and cytokines involved in the inflammatory process that follows muscular damage. Indeed, in myoblasts the cytokine TGFβ exercises its fibrotic action through induction of the SK1/S1P axis. Furthermore, the PDGF growth factor, positive regulator of proliferation and motility, activates the enzyme SK1 and the transactivation of S1P1 inhibits the proliferation and induces the migration induced by the growth factor. Finally, the mitogenic role of C1P in myoblasts has been identified, characterizing the signalling pathways involved.

scholarly journals TRAF2 regulates TNF and NF-κB signalling to suppress apoptosis and skin inflammation independently of Sphingosine kinase 1

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nima Etemadi ◽  
Michael Chopin ◽  
Holly Anderton ◽  
Maria C Tanzer ◽  
James A Rickard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
E3 Ligase ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Skin Inflammation ◽  
Psoriatic Skin ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Ubiquitin E3 Ligase ◽  
Tnf Superfamily ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate

TRAF2 is a component of TNF superfamily signalling complexes and plays an essential role in the regulation and homeostasis of immune cells. TRAF2 deficient mice die around birth, therefore its role in adult tissues is not well-explored. Furthermore, the role of the TRAF2 RING is controversial. It has been claimed that the atypical TRAF2 RING cannot function as a ubiquitin E3 ligase but counterclaimed that TRAF2 RING requires a co-factor, sphingosine-1-phosphate, that is generated by the enzyme sphingosine kinase 1, to function as an E3 ligase. Keratinocyte-specific deletion of Traf2, but not Sphk1 deficiency, disrupted TNF mediated NF-κB and MAP kinase signalling and caused epidermal hyperplasia and psoriatic skin inflammation. This inflammation was driven by TNF, cell death, non-canonical NF-κB and the adaptive immune system, and might therefore represent a clinically relevant model of psoriasis. TRAF2 therefore has essential tissue specific functions that do not overlap with those of Sphk1.

scholarly journals Mice Deficient in Sphingosine Kinase 1 Are Rendered Lymphopenic by FTY720

2004 ◽  
Vol 279 (50) ◽  
pp. 52487-52492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria L. Allende ◽  
Teiji Sasaki ◽  
Hiromichi Kawai ◽  
Ana Olivera ◽  
Yide Mi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Development ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase ◽  
Sphingosine Kinase 1 ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Lymphocyte Trafficking ◽  
Signaling Molecule ◽  
Physiological Functions ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Sphingosine Kinases ◽  
S1p Receptor

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a lipid signaling molecule that regulates many cellular functions, is synthesized from sphingosine and ATP by the action of sphingosine kinase. Two such kinases have been identified, SPHK1 and SPHK2. To begin to investigate the physiological functions of sphingosine kinase and S1P signaling, we generated mice deficient in SPHK1.Sphk1null mice were viable, fertile, and without any obvious abnormalities. Total SPHK activity in mostSphk1-/-tissues was substantially, but not completely, reduced indicating the presence of multiple sphingosine kinases. S1P levels in most tissues from theSphk1-/- mice were not markedly decreased. In serum, however, there was a significant decrease in the S1P level. Although S1P signaling regulates lymphocyte trafficking, lymphocyte distribution was unaffected in lymphoid organs ofSphk1-/- mice. The immunosuppressant FTY720 was phosphorylated and elicited lymphopenia in theSphk1null mice showing that SPHK1 is not required for the functional activation of this sphingosine analogue prodrug. The results with theseSphk1null mice reveal that some key physiologic processes that require S1P receptor signaling, such as vascular development and proper lymphocyte distribution, can occur in the absence of SPHK1.

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