ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH OXIDIZED NITROGEN EXPOSURES AND OXIDATIVE STRESS: HUMAN AND ANIMAL EVIDENCE

Preeclampsia is a multisystemic pregnancy disorder and a major cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. The exact pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains unclear; however, it is speculated that the various pathologies can be attributed to impaired vascular remodelling and elevated oxidative stress within the placenta. Oxidative stress plays a key role in cell ageing, and the persistent presence of elevated oxidative stress precipitates cellular senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in premature ageing of the placenta. Premature ageing of the placenta is associated with placental insufficiency, which reduces the functional capacity of this critical organ and leads to abnormal pregnancy outcomes. The changes brought about by oxidative insults are irreversible and often lead to deleterious modifications in macromolecules such as lipids and proteins, DNA mutations, and alteration of mitochondrial functioning and dynamics. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of placental ageing in the aetiology of adverse pregnancy outcomes and discussed the hallmarks of ageing which could be potential markers for preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction.

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Oxidative stress, placental ageing-related pathologies and adverse pregnancy outcomes

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology ◽

10.1111/aji.12653 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 (5) ◽

pp. e12653 ◽

Cited By ~ 70

Author(s):

Zakia Sultana ◽

Kaushik Maiti ◽

John Aitken ◽

Jonathan Morris ◽

Lee Dedman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

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The possible role of selenium status in adverse pregnancy outcomes

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114510005866 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 105 (10) ◽

pp. 1418-1428 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Aline B. Mariath ◽

Denise P. Bergamaschi ◽

Patrícia H. C. Rondó ◽

Ana C. D'A. Tanaka ◽

Patrícia de Fragas Hinnig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Stress Studies ◽

Confounding Variables ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

Study Designs ◽

Se Status

The present study reviews the possible role of Se status during pregnancy regarding adverse pregnancy outcomes, with emphasis on those related to diminished antioxidant activity and increased oxidative stress. Studies have reported that Se could play an important role in adverse outcomes such as miscarriages, neural tube defects, diaphragmatic hernia, premature birth, low birth weight, pre-eclampsia, glucose intolerance and gestational diabetes. Also, low Se status has been associated with adverse outcomes among HIV-infected pregnant women and their offspring. Nevertheless, the function of Se in the aetiology of pregnancy complications is yet to be elucidated. Available evidence presents the following limitations: most study designs do not allow conclusions about causal relationships; study populations, selection of subjects, research setting, procedures for defining sample size and analytical methods are often poorly described; many studies fail to adjust for important confounding variables. In addition, population studies assessing the relationship between Se intake during pregnancy and health outcomes are scarce. Further research is still needed to clarify the role of Se status in adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially those related to augmented oxidative stress.

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Association of Oxidative Stress on Pregnancy

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/6398520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-12

Author(s):

Kinga Toboła-Wróbel ◽

Marek Pietryga ◽

Piotr Dydowicz ◽

Marta Napierała ◽

Jacek Brązert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

English Language ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽

Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽

Search Terms ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

The pathophysiological mechanism underlying pregnancy complications such as congenital malformations, miscarriage, preeclampsia, or fetal growth restriction is not entirely known. However, the negative impact of the mother’s body oxidative imbalance on the fetus and the course of gestation is increasingly discussed. This article is an integrative review of some original studies and review papers on the effects of oxidative stress on the adverse pregnancy outcomes mainly birth defects in fetuses. A systematic search for English language articles published from 2010 until 2020 was made, using MEDLINE data. Additionally, we analyzed the Cochrane and Scopus databases, discussions with experts, and a review of bibliography of articles from scientifically relevant and valuable sources. The main purposes are to assess the contribution of the existing literature of associations of oxidative stress on the etiology of the abovementioned conditions and to identify relevant information and outline existing knowledge. Furthermore, the authors aim to find any gaps in the research, thereby providing grounds for our own research. The key search terms were “oxidative stress in pregnancy,” “oxidative stress and congenital malformations,” and “oxidative stress and adverse pregnancy outcomes.” Studies have confirmed that oxidative stress has a significant impact on pregnancy and is involved in the pathomechanism of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

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