MAXIMIZING RADIATION DOSE IN RADIOIODIDE ABLATION OF NORMAL THYROID TISSUE AND OF THYROID CANCER METASTASES

1984 ◽  
Vol 9 (Supplement 9) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Malcolm R. Powell ◽  
Andrea S. Blum ◽  
San Francisco
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Cancer Metastases ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Metastases

scholarly journals Steroid receptor coactivator-1 interacts with NF-κB to increase VEGFC levels in human thyroid cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Gao ◽  
Lingji Guo ◽  
Donglin Luo ◽  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Jianjie Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Steroid Receptor ◽  
Human Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Steroid Receptor Coactivator ◽  
Lymphatic Metastases ◽  
Factor C

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and has a high incidence of lymphatic metastasis. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC) is essential for development of lymphatic vessels and lymphatic metastases during carcinogenesis. Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) interacts with nuclear receptors and transcription factors to promote tumor proliferation and metastasis. However, the correlation between SRC-1 and VEGFC levels in the lymphatic metastases of thyroid cancer remains unclear. We analyzed 20-paired specimens of thyroid cancer tissue and normal thyroid tissue and found increased levels of SRC-1 and VEGFC proteins in 13/20 and 15/20 thyroid cancer specimens, respectively, when compared with those levels in specimens of normal thyroid tissue. A high level of SRC-1 expression was positively correlated with VEGFC and lymphatic endothelial cell marker LYVE-1 expression. Papillary thyroid carcinoma cell line TPC-1 displayed high levels of SRC-1 and VEGFC expression and was selected for stable knockdown of SRC-1 in vitro. Inhibition of SRC-1 significantly reduced the VEGFC levels in TPC-1 cells. We found that SRC-1 binds to transcription factor NF-kB (p50/p65), and that this coactivation complex directly promoted VEGFC transcription, which could be abrogated by SRC-1 knockdown. Up-regulated NF-kB signaling was also confirmed in thyroid cancer tissues. In vivo studies showed that SRC-1 knockdown restricted tumor growth, reduced the numbers of LYVE-1-positive lymphatic vessels, and decreased the levels of VEGFC in tumor tissues. These results suggest a tumorigenic role for SRC-1 in thyroid cancer via its ability to regulate VEGFC expression.

Investigation of BK virus, Epstein-Barr virus and human papillomavirus sequences in postoperative thyroid gland specimens

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Stamatiou ◽  
Stavros P. Derdas ◽  
Emmanouil K. Symvoulakis ◽  
Georgios H. Sakorafas ◽  
Odysseas Zoras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Bk Virus ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Tissue Specimens

Background Although recent evidence has implicated viruses in the regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and tumor progression, little is known regarding viral infections in thyroid malignancies. Thus the aim of this study was to detect sequences of 3 potentially oncogenic viruses – BK virus (BKV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) – in a series of postoperative thyroid gland specimens. Methods Thirty patients with thyroid nodules who underwent surgery for thyroid disease within a 3-year period were enrolled. Both nodular and adjacent normal thyroid tissue was surgically excised from each patient. Viral gene sequences of BKV (VP1), EBV (LMP1, EBNA2 and EBER1) and HPV were amplified by PCR. The PCR results were confirmed by direct sequencing analysis. Results VP1 gene sequences were detected in 60% (18/30) of thyroid cancer or multinodular hyperplasia lesions compared with in 43.3% (13/30) of adjacent normal thyroid tissue specimens. Fifteen of thirty (50%) of thyroid cancer or multinodular hyperplasia samples revealed LMP1 sequences compared with 46.7% (14/30) of corresponding normal thyroid tissues. EBNA2 gene sequences were detected in 90% (27/30) of thyroid cancer or multinodular hyperplasia samples, compared with 90% (27/30) of adjacent normal thyroid tissue specimens. All samples were negative for EBER1 sequences, while HPV DNA was not detected in either nodular or normal thyroid tissue. Conclusions This study suggests that BKV and EBV “infection” is an early event, occurring within normal tissue. Our findings do not show a clear role for the viruses examined, instead they suggest an “endemicity” pattern rather than a causal effect.

Splenomegaly as the First Manifestation of Thyroid Cancer Metastases

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Paolini ◽  
Sandra Toffoli ◽  
Alessandro Poletti ◽  
Dario Casara ◽  
Paolo Moschino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Suppressive Therapy ◽  
Serum Thyroglobulin ◽  
Cancer Metastases ◽  
Thyroid Lobectomy ◽  
Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Metastases

We report the case of a 65-year-old man who developed a symptomatic splenomegaly due to spleen metastasis from thyroid follicular carcinoma. In 1982, at the age of 53, the patient had undergone a thyroid lobectomy for a cold node, followed one year later by a second intervention for a microfollicular adenoma. He was subsequently administered thyroid suppressive therapy with no further follow-up. The diagnosis of spleen metastases from thyroid cancer was first suspected on the basis of history, high serum thyroglobulin (Tg) levels, and the presence of pulmonary 99Tc uptake. The patient underwent a splenectomy, during which vast infiltration involving the diaphragm, spleen, stomach, colon and pancreas, was found. Histological and immunohistochemical results showed that the spleen and diaphragm metastases derived from thyroid follicular carcinoma. Radioiodine uptake by the pulmonary metastases confirmed the thyroid source. Retrospective re-evaluation of the thyroid tissue removed in 1983 revealed a histological pattern consistent with follicular carcinoma, which could not be unequivocally attributed to the widely or minimally invasive form. To our knowledge this is the first report of splenomegaly as the first manifestation of thyroid cancer metastases. In this paper cases of splenomegaly due to metastatic spread are reviewed and the management of the present case is discussed.

scholarly journals MON-532 Characterization of the Angiogenic Factor SFRP2 in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wyatt O Wofford ◽  
Rupak Mukherjee ◽  
Julie Siegel ◽  
Denise Garcia ◽  
Eleanor Hilliard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Angiogenic Factor ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Vehicle Treatment

Abstract Over the last decade, there has been an average annual increase of 3.1% in thyroid cancer diagnosis in the U.S. Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 80% of all thyroid cancer diagnoses. However, few molecular markers exist to identify clinically aggressive phenotypes. The angiogenic factor, secreted frizzled-related protein 2 (SFRP2), is associated with a poor prognosis in several malignancies including breast cancer and melanoma. The role of SFRP2 in PTC has yet to be investigated. The aims of this study were to determine the differential expression of SFRP2 in PTC, benign thyroid adenomas, normal thyroid tissue (from patients without cancer), and normal adjacent tissue (NAT) (non-cancerous tissue from patients with PTC) and investigate the role of SFRP2 in tumor development in two PTC cell lines, PTC classical variant (PTC-CV) and PTC follicular variant (PTC-FV), upon treatment with a humanized anti-SFRP2 monoclonal antibody (hSFRP2 mAb). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed using human tissue protein microarrays including 226 PTC, 79 benign adenomas, 112 NAT, and 30 normal thyroid tissue samples. In-vitro proliferation and apoptosis experiments were performed on MDA-T41 (PTC-CV) and MDA-T68 (PTC-FV) cell lines by treating with hSFRP2 mAb, Xolair IgG control, and a vehicle control. SFRP2 expression was significantly higher in PTC compared with benign adenomas and normal thyroid (mean expression scores 9, 6, and 1, respectively; p<0.05). SFRP2 expression was significantly higher in NAT than normal thyroid (mean expression score 4 and 0, respectively, p<0.05). Apoptotic rates were increased by 40% and 62% in the PTC-CV hSFRP2 mAb treatment group compared with the Xolair and vehicle treatment groups, respectively (p<0.05). Apoptotic rates were increased by 126% and 59% in the PTC-FV hSFRP2 mAb treatment group compared with the Xolair and vehicle treatment groups, respectively (p<0.05). Treatment with hSFRP2 mAb had no significant effect on proliferation in either cell line. In conclusion, SFRP2 expression is significantly higher in PTC than in benign adenomas and normal thyroid tissue. SFRP2 expression in NAT is significantly higher than in normal thyroid tissue and not significantly different from benign adenomas. SFRP2 expression in nonmalignant tissue adjacent to PTC could be due to expression in the tumor microenvironment. Treatment with a novel hSFPR2 mAb increases apoptotic rates in two different PTC cell lines. These data suggest that SFPR2 is involved in tumorigenesis of PTC.

The CCK2-receptor is expressed in human medullary thyroid carcinomas as well as in normal thyroid tissue

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A507-A507
Author(s):  
M BLAEKER ◽  
A WEERTH ◽  
L JONAS ◽  
M TOMETTEN ◽  
M SCHUTZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Medullary Thyroid ◽  
Thyroid Carcinomas ◽  
Cck2 Receptor ◽  
Medullary Thyroid Carcinomas

Detection of parathyroid adenomas with 4DCT: Towards a true four-dimensional technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Raeymaeckers ◽  
Yannick De Brucker ◽  
Tim Vanderhasselt ◽  
Nico Buls ◽  
Johan De Mey
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Motion Artifacts ◽  
P Value ◽  
Normal Thyroid Tissue ◽  
Dose Length Product ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Parathyroid Adenomas ◽  
Parathyroid Lesions ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background. 4DCT is a commonly performed examination in the management of primary hyperparathyroidism, combining three-dimensional imaging with enhancement over time as the fourth dimension. We propose a novel technique consisting of 16 different contrast phases, instead of three or four different phases. The main aim of this study was to see if this protocol allows for the detection of parathyroid adenomas within dose limits. Our secondary aim was examining the enhancement of parathyroid lesions over time.Methods. For this prospective study, we included 15 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism prior to surgery. We obtain a 4DCT with 16 different phases: an unenhanced phase followed by 11 consecutive arterial phases and 4 venous phases. Centered on the thyroid, continuous axial scanning is performed over a fixed 8cm or 16cm coverage volume after start of contrast administration.Results. In all patients an enlarged parathyroid can be demonstrated, mean lesion size is 13.6mm. Mean peak arterial peak enhancement for parathyroid lesions is 384 HU compared to 333 HU for the normal thyroid. No statistical difference could be found. Time to peak (TTP) is significantly earlier for parathyroid adenomas compared to normal thyroid tissue: 30.8s versus 32.3s (p value 0.008). Mean Slope of Increase (MSI) of the enhancement curve is significantly steeper compared to normal thyroid tissue: 29.8% versus 22.2% (p value 0.012). Mean dose length product was 890.7 mGy.cm with a calculated effective dose of 6.7 mSv.Conclusion. We propose a feasible 4DCT scanning-protocol for the detection of parathyroid adenomas. We manage to obtain a multitude of phases, allowing for a dynamic evaluation within an acceptable exposure range when compared to classic helical 4DCT. Our 4DCT protocol may allow for a better visualization of the pattern of enhancement of parathyroid lesions, as enhancement over time curves can be drawn. This way wash-in and wash-out of contrast in suspected lesions can be readily demonstrated. Motion artifacts are less problematic as multiple phases are available.

scholarly journals Thyroglobulin measurements in washout of fine needle aspirates in cervical lymph nodes for detection of papillary thyroid cancer metastases

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 550-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
André B. Zanella ◽  
Erika L. Souza Meyer ◽  
Letícia Balzan ◽  
Antônio C. Silva ◽  
Joíza Camargo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Cervical Lymph Nodes ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Fine Needle Aspirates ◽  
Cancer Metastases ◽  
Thyroid Cancer Metastases

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the measurement of thyroglobulin in washout needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB-Tg) to detect papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) metastases. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Forty-three patients (51.4 ± 14.6 years) with PTC diagnosis and evidence of enlarged cervical lymph nodes (LN) were included. An ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of suspicious LN was performed, for both cytological examination and measurement of FNAB-Tg. RESULTS: The median values of FNAB-Tg in patients with metastatic LN (n = 5) was 3,419 ng/mL (11.1-25,538), while patients without LN metastasis (n = 38) showed levels of 3.7 ng/mL (0.8-7.4). Considering a 10 ng/mL cutoff value for FNAB-Tg, the sensitivity and specificity was 100%. There were no differences on the median of FNAB-Tg measurements between those on (TSH 0.07 mUI/mL) or off levothyroxine (TSH 97.4 mUI/mL) therapy (3.3 vs. 3.8 ng/mL, respectively; P = 0.2). CONCLUSION: The results show that evaluation of FNAB-Tg in cervical LN is a valuable diagnostic tool for PTC metastases that can be used independent of the thyroid status.

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