Microradiography of the Collecting Ducts in the Perfusion Fixed Rabbit Kidney: Suggestions for the Anatomic Basis for the Radiographic Appearance of Cortical Striations and Intrarenal Reflux

1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
RONALD GADE ◽  
MARIE FERRANTE GADE
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Intrarenal Reflux ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Anatomic Basis

Carbonic anhydrase XII mRNA encodes a hydratase that is differentially expressed along the rabbit nephron

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (2) ◽  
pp. F399-F410 ◽  
Author(s):  
George J. Schwartz ◽  
Anne M. Kittelberger ◽  
Richard H. Watkins ◽  
Michael A. O'Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Carbonic Anhydrase ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Basolateral Membranes ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Straight Tubules ◽  
Hydratase Activity

Membrane-bound carbonic anhydrase (CA) facilitates acidification in the kidney. Although most hydratase activity is considered due to CA IV, some in the basolateral membranes could be attributed to CA XII. Indeed, CA IV is glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored, connoting apical polarization, but CA IV immunoreactivity has been detected on basolateral membranes of proximal tubules. Herein, we determined whether CA XII mRNA was expressed in acidifying segments of the rabbit nephron. The open reading frame of CA XII was sequenced from a rabbit kidney cortex cDNA library; it was 83% identical to human CA XII and coded for a 355-amino acid single-pass transmembrane protein. Northern blot analysis revealed an abundant 4.5-kb message in kidney cortex, medulla, and colon. By in situ hybridization, CA XII mRNA was expressed by proximal convoluted and straight tubules, cortical and medullary collecting ducts, and papillary epithelium. By RT-PCR, CA XII mRNA was abundantly expressed in cortical and medullary collecting ducts and thick ascending limb of Henle's loop; it was also expressed in proximal convoluted and straight tubules but not in glomeruli or S3 segments. FLAG-CA XII of ∼40 kDa expressed in Escherichia coli showed hydratase activity that was inhibited by 0.1 mM acetazolamide. Unlike CA IV, expressed CA XII activity was inhibited by 1% SDS, suggesting insufficient disulfide linkages to stabilize the molecule. Western blotting of expressed CA XII with two anti-rabbit CA IV peptide antibodies showed no cross-reactivity. Our findings indicate that CA XII may contribute to the membrane CA activity of proximal tubules and collecting ducts.

Segmental distribution of epidermal growth factor binding sites in rabbit nephron

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (4) ◽  
pp. F553-F558 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Breyer ◽  
R. Redha ◽  
J. A. Breyer
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Egf Receptors ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Epidermal Growth ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

The kidney possesses epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptors and is a major site of synthesis for the EGF precursor, prepro-EGF. To examine the segmental localization of EGF receptors in the rabbit kidney, we characterized 125I-labeled EGF binding to micro-dissected rabbit nephron segments. Specific binding constituted 70-80% of total binding and was saturable with an apparent Kd of 8 nM. Kinetic studies (0 degrees C) revealed an association t1/2 of 20.7 min and a dissociation t1/2 of 27 min. Competition studies revealed that 125I-EGF binding was inhibited by unlabeled EGF or its homologue transforming growth factor-alpha, but not by parathyroid hormone or insulin. Mapping studies showed specific 125I-EGF binding (attomoles per centimeter) was highest in proximal straight tubules, followed by proximal convoluted tubules, cortical collecting ducts, inner medullary collecting ducts, outer medullary collecting ducts, and distal convoluted tubules. Specific binding to glomeruli was also observed. Interestingly, no specific binding of 125I-EGF to thick ascending limbs, a site of EGF precursor synthesis, was observed. These studies suggest potential sites of action for EGF in the rabbit kidney.

scholarly journals The tight junction proteins claudin-7 and -8 display a different subcellular localization at Henle's loops and collecting ducts of rabbit kidney

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 2391-2398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenza Gonzalez-Mariscal ◽  
Maria Del CarmenNamorado ◽  
Dolores Martin ◽  
Gerardo Sierra ◽  
Jose L. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Subcellular Localization ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Tight Junction Proteins ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Junction Proteins

scholarly journals Clusterin production in the obstructed rabbit kidney: correlations with loss of renal function.

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1163-1171
Author(s):  
P N Schlegel ◽  
G J Matthews ◽  
Z Cichon ◽  
W K Aulitzky ◽  
C Y Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Ureteral Obstruction ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Contralateral Kidney ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Clusterin Protein

Clusterin, a protein associated with cell death, has been suggested as a marker of renal injury. Correlation of clusterin gene expression with changes in renal function and quantitative measurement of clusterin protein levels after ureteral obstruction have not been previously reported. With unilateral ureteral obstruction in rabbits as the experimental model, the time course of alterations in renal function, clusterin mRNA accumulation, and concentrations of clusterin protein in serum, urine, and renal tissue were investigated. RBF, GFR, and renal concentrating ability (percent sodium reabsorption and urine osmolarity) all decreased (P < 0.05) in the obstructed kidney from control values within 1 day of ureteral obstruction. Clusterin mRNA levels started to rise in the ipsilateral kidney within 12 h of ureteral obstruction and increased up to 10-fold above control levels after 3 days of obstruction. Hybridization histochemistry showed that clusterin mRNA was initially detectable in collecting ducts and distal tubules within 12 h of ureteral obstruction. After 7 days of obstruction, increased accumulation of clusterin mRNA was also detectable in proximal tubular epithelial cells. Clusterin gene expression remained elevated in collecting ducts after 60 days of obstruction. Clusterin expression in the contralateral kidney was increased twofold over control values after 12 h of obstruction. No increase in clusterin mRNA accumulation was detectable after 24 h in the contralateral kidney. Total clusterin protein in the obstructed kidney increased from 0.59 +/- 0.66 (mean +/- 1 SD) to 2.5 +/- 1.3 micrograms after 7 days of ureteral obstruction (P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Binding of peanut lectin to specific epithelial cell types in kidney

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (1) ◽  
pp. C117-C120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. LeHir ◽  
B. Kaissling ◽  
B. M. Koeppen ◽  
J. B. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Luminal Membrane ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Epithelial Membranes ◽  
Outer Stripe ◽  
Specific Affinity

The binding of peanut agglutinin (PNA) to epithelial membranes of the rabbit kidney was evaluated at the light- and electron-microscope level using PNA conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. In the renal cortex and outer stripe of the medulla PNA appears to bind exclusively to the luminal membrane of intercalated cells in connecting tubules and collecting ducts. PNA also binds to the thin descending limb of the loop of Henle in the inner stripe and inner zone of the medulla. This very specific affinity of PNA should be useful in the isolation and characterization of specific cell types in cytologically heterogeneous epithelia.

scholarly journals Structural and ultrastructural study of the rabbit kidney exposed to carbamate insecticide

2014 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viera Almášiová ◽  
Katarína Holovská ◽  
Viera Cigánková
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Distal Tubules ◽  
Tubular Sections ◽  
Collecting Tubules

The aim of the present study was to determine the influence of orally administered insecticide bendiocarb on the structure and ultrastructure of the kidney parenchyma in rabbits. Bendiocarb in the form of capsules (96% Bendiocarb, Bayer), at a dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight was fed daily for 3 days. After sampling, kidney sections of experimental and control animals were evaluated. Under a light and electron microscope the diffuse degenerative changes in kidney cortex and medulla were noted. Light microscopy revealed that the renal corpuscles had normal structure, but other nephron components and the collecting ducts were invariably changed. The epithelial cells inside the proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts possessed increased quantity of cytoplasmic vacuoles and some tubular sections showed cellular sloughing and necrotization. The cells within the thin limbs of the Henley’s loops had normal histological structure except for sporadic necrotizing cells within some segments. The ultrastructural evaluation showed extensive cytoplasmic vacuolisation and degenerative changes, such as mitochondrial swelling and shortening of basal infoldings within proximal and distal tubules, and microvilli reduction within proximal tubules. Cells of the collecting tubules exhibited a higher number of vacuoles and some cells had apparently reduced organelles. The cells of the thin limbs of the Henle’s loop showed more vacuolised cytoplasm, some tubular sections revealed cellular detachment between the adjacent epithelial cells and rare necrotising epithelial cells were observed. The described findings addressed in the present study indicate an adverse effect of bendiocarb on the kidney parenchyma in rabbits.

Response of phosphate transport to parathyroid hormone in segments of rabbit nephron

1977 ◽  
Vol 233 (1) ◽  
pp. F29-F38 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. W. Dennis ◽  
E. Bello-Reuss ◽  
R. R. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Phosphate Transport ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Fluid Absorption ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Serum Pth ◽  
Straight Segments ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Convoluted Tubules

The effects of bovine parathyroid hormone (PTH) on phosphate transport were examined in proximal convoluted tubules, proximal straight tubules, and cortical collecting ducts isolated from the rabbit kidney. The lumen-to-bath flux of phosphate (JlbPO4) and the bath-to-lumen flux (JblPO4) were measured simultaneously with [33P]phosphate and [32P]phosphate. In the proximal convoluted segments perfused with an ultrafiltrate of normal serum, PTH reduced the fluid absorption rate from 1.21 +/- 0.10 to 0.60 nl/mm-min but did not affect JlbPO4, which averaged 5.45 +/- 0.97 pmol/mm-min, or JblPO4, which was 0.50 +/- 0.08 pmol/mm-min. During perfusion with low bicarbonate-high chloride fluids at pH 7.4, the PTH-induced changes in fluid absorption were eliminated but no change occurred in phosphate transport. On the other hand in proximal straight segments JlbP04 was lower at 2.64 +/- 0.41 pmol/mm-min and was directly inhibited by PTH to 1.90 +/- 0.34 pmol/mm-min (P less than 0.001). Net phosphate transport was not observed in cortical collecting ducts in the presence or absence of PTH. These data suggest that phosphate absorption in the proximal tubule involves more than one transport system, that the effects of PTH on fluid absorption are not interdependent with the effects on phosphate transport, and that the proximal straight tubule appears to be an important site of PTH-sensitive phosphate transport.

Active Ca2+ transport in primary cultures of rabbit kidney CCD: stimulation by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and PTH

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (5) ◽  
pp. F799-F807 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Bindels ◽  
A. Hartog ◽  
J. Timmermans ◽  
C. H. Van Os
Keyword(s):  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
1,25 Dihydroxyvitamin D3 ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Vasopressin Receptors ◽  
Calbindin D28k ◽  
Calcitonin Receptors ◽  
Mucosal Side

Rabbit connecting tubules and cortical collecting ducts, which represent 79 +/- 5% of the calbindin-D28k-containing kidney cells, were isolated by immunodissection from the rabbit kidney superficial cortex and seeded on permeable filters. After 6 days in culture the monolayers developed a potential difference (PD) of -24 +/- 3 mV (lumen negative) and a transepithelial resistance (R) of 284 +/- 19 omega.cm2. Addition of 10(-6) M amiloride to or removal of Na+ from the mucosal side reversed the PD to +6 +/- 4 mV and concomitantly increased R to 660 +/- 122 omega.cm2. The cells developed functional parathyroid hormone (PTH) and arginine vasopressin receptors, but calcitonin receptors were absent. The monolayer actively absorbed Ca2+ against an electrochemical gradient with a rate of 121 +/- 13 nmol.h-1.cm-2. Removal of serosal Na+ inhibited Ca2+ absorption by 63 +/- 8%. Exposure to 10(-7) M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] for 48 h or 10(-7) M bovine PTH (bPTH)-(1-34) for 1 h, increased transcellular Ca2+ absorption by 53 +/- 13% or 24 +/- 8%, respectively. The effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 and PTH in combination were neither additive nor potentiating. In addition, the cultured cells expressed calbindin-D28k, and, after exposure to 10(-7) M 1,25(OH)2D3 for 48 h, the calbindin-D28k content increased fourfold.

Aldosterone binding along the rabbit nephron: an autoradiographic study on isolated tubules

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (3) ◽  
pp. F172-F179 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vandewalle ◽  
N. Farman ◽  
P. Bencsath ◽  
J. P. Bonvalet
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Autoradiographic Study ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Silver Grains ◽  
Dry Film

The sites of action of aldosterone (A) along the tubule of rabbit kidney were studied by autoradiographic localization of mineralocorticoid-binding sites on microdissected tubular segments. Kidney pyramids were incubated at 30 degrees C for 1 h in a collagenase solution with [3H]aldosterone at a concentration of 1.5 X 10(-9) M with and without an excess unlabeled A. Tubular segments were then microdissected and transferred onto dry film; fixation and staining were done only after exposure of the film 4 mo later in order to avoid diffusion. Specific nuclear labeling was 19.0 +/- 1.3 silver grains/100 micrometers2 in distal convoluted tubules (n = 28) and 21.0 +/- 1.8 in cortical collecting ducts (n = 18). No difference between these two structures was observed (P greater than 0.1, paired t test, n = 15). No specific binding was found in the proximal tubule (0.5 +/- 0.4, n = 17). In the thick ascending limb of Henle's loop, the labeling was low (3.9 +/- 0.9, n = 16). We conclude that, in the rabbit kidney, nuclear mineralocorticoid-binding sites, presumably receptors, are present in the distal and cortical collecting tubule.

scholarly journals Cloning and localization of KCC4 in rabbit kidney: expression in distal convoluted tubule

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. F49-F58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heino Velázquez ◽  
Teresa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Expressed Sequence Tag ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
Distal Convoluted Tubule ◽  
Rabbit Kidney ◽  
Thick Ascending Limb ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Collecting Ducts ◽  
K Secretion ◽  
Rapid Amplification

Cl-dependent K secretion is a feature of renal distal tubules and collecting ducts. Recent cloning and identification of K-Cl cotransporter proteins led us to search for additional novel KCC isoforms expressed in the renal distal nephron. A human expressed sequence tag (EST) with high homology to KCC1 was identified. The rabbit isoform was cloned by homology using degenerate primers and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Our isoform is the rabbit homologue of mouse and human KCC4 published previously. The 4.35-kb rabbit KCC4 cDNA encodes a protein of 1,106 amino acids. Antibodies were generated to both NH2-terminal and COOH-terminal fusion proteins. Northern and Western blot analyses showed widespread mRNA and protein expression in many rabbit organs, in renal cortex, outer medulla, and inner medulla but not in skeletal muscle. Immunohistochemical localization of KCC4 showed expression exclusively along the basolateral membrane in many nephron segments. The distal convoluted tubule and connecting tubule exhibited the highest level of KCC4 immunoreactivity, followed by the medullary thick ascending limb. A low level of immunoreactivity was detected in the proximal tubule and collecting ducts. We postulate that KCC4 mediates potassium and chloride exit from the cell and may play an important role in salt absorption by the distal convoluted tubule.

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