Mortality of HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Heroin Abusers as a Function of Duration of Injecting Drug Use

Abstract Objective: To understand the relationship between drug use, food insecurity (FI), and mental health among men who have sex with men (MSM). Design: Cohort study (2014-2019) with at least one follow-up. Setting: Visits at 6-month intervals included self-assessment for FI and depressive symptoms. Urine testing results confirmed drug use. Factors associated with FI were assessed using multiple logistic regression with random effects for repeated measures. General structural equation modeling tested whether FI mediates the relationship between drug use and depressive symptoms. Participants: Data were from HIV-positive and high-risk HIV negative MSM in Los Angeles, CA (n=431; 1,192 visits). Results: At baseline, FI was reported by 50.8% of participants, depressive symptoms in 36.7%, and 52.7% of urine screening tests were positive for drugs (i.e., marijuana, opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, ecstasy). A positive drug test was associated with a 96% increase in the odds of being food insecure (95% CI: 1.26-3.07). Compared to those with high food security, individuals with very low food security have a nearly 7-fold increase in the odds of reporting depressive symptoms (95% CI: 3.71-11.92). Findings showed 14.9% of the association between drug use (exposure) and depressive symptoms (outcome) can be explained by FI (mediator). Conclusion: The prevalence of FI among this cohort of HIV-positive and high-risk HIV-negative MSM was high; the association between drug use and depressive symptoms was partially mediated by FI. Findings suggest that enhancing access to food and nutrition may improve mood in the context of drug use, especially among MSM at risk for HIV-transmission.

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The effect of injecting drug use history on disease progression and death among HIV-positive individuals initiating combination antiretroviral therapy: collaborative cohort analysis

HIV Medicine ◽

10.1111/j.1468-1293.2011.00940.x ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 89-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

M Murray ◽

RS Hogg ◽

VD Lima ◽

MT May ◽

DM Moore ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Drug Use ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Injecting Drug Use ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Combination Antiretroviral Therapy

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Risky Alcohol Consumption and Associated Health Behaviour Among HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Patients in a UK Sexual Health and HIV Clinic: A Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-019-02714-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 1717-1726 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Emmi Suonpera ◽

Rebecca Matthews ◽

Ana Milinkovic ◽

Alejandro Arenas-Pinto

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Drug Use ◽

Questionnaire Study ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Problematic Drug ◽

Risky Alcohol ◽

Risky Alcohol Consumption ◽

Hiv Negative

Abstract Alcohol misuse has been associated with negative consequences among HIV-positive patients. Data on real prevalence of risky alcohol consumption among the HIV-positive population in the UK are lacking. A cross-sectional questionnaire study using standardised validated instruments among HIV-positive (n = 227) and HIV-negative (n = 69) patients was performed. The prevalence of risky alcohol consumption (AUDIT) and associations with depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), problematic drug use (DUDIT), adherence to ART (CASE Adherence Index), sexual behaviour and demographic characteristics were assessed among both patient groups independently. A quarter (25.1%) of HIV-positive patients and 36.1% of HIV-negative patients reported risky alcohol consumption (AUDIT-score ≥ 8). In the multivariable analysis among HIV-positive patients depressive symptoms (p = 0.03) and problematic drug use (p = 0.007) were associated with risky alcohol consumption. Among HIV-negative patients these associations were not present. Risky alcohol consumption among HIV-positive patients is prevalent, and together with depressive symptoms and problematic drug use, may influence HIV-disease progression and patients’ wellbeing.

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Comparison of recreational drug use (RDU) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in HIV positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV negative MSM receiving post exposure prophylaxis (PEP)

10.26226/morressier.5731a408d462b8028d88c7d1 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Selena Singh

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Recreational Drug ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Recreational Drug Use ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Hiv Negative

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The Role of Internalized Stigma in the Disclosure of Injecting Drug Use Among People Who Inject Drugs and Self-Report as HIV-Positive in Kohtla-Järve, Estonia

AIDS and Behavior ◽

10.1007/s10461-016-1647-8 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 1034-1043 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Annika Johannson ◽

Sigrid Vorobjov ◽

Robert Heimer ◽

John F. Dovidio ◽

Anneli Uusküla

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

People Who Inject Drugs ◽

Injecting Drug Use ◽

Self Report ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Internalized Stigma

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P198 Comparison of recreational drug use (RDU) and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in HIV positive men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV negative MSM receiving post exposure prophylaxis (PEP): Abstract P198 Table 1

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sextrans-2016-052718.246 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 92 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A85.3-A86

Author(s):

Paul Davis ◽

Vicki Kirby ◽

Andy Rosiak ◽

Brian Thornton ◽

Selena Singh

Keyword(s):

Drug Use ◽

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Recreational Drug ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Recreational Drug Use ◽

Sex With Men ◽

Exposure Prophylaxis ◽

Hiv Negative

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Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus among gay and bisexual men: a systematic review

Sexual Health ◽

10.1071/sh16141 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 28 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Fengyi Jin ◽

Gail V. Matthews ◽

Andrew E. Grulich

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Sexual Transmission ◽

Case Series ◽

Gay And Bisexual Men ◽

Injecting Drug Use ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Bisexual Men ◽

And Bisexual ◽

Hiv Negative ◽

Hiv Positive Men

A systematic review was performed on the evidence of sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in gay and bisexual men (GBM). Studies conducted in industrialised countries and published in English from 2000 to 2015 with data on HCV in GBM were included. Pooled estimates of prevalence and incidence of HCV infection were stratified by study settings and participants’ HIV status using random effect models. Case-series reports were summarised descriptively. Of the 38 cross-sectional studies, the pooled HCV prevalence was substantially higher in HIV-positive men (8.3%, 95% CI: 6.7–9.9) than in HIV-negative men (1.5%, 95% CI 0.8–2.1), and higher in those who reported injecting drug use (34.8%, 95% CI 26.9–42.7) than in those who did not (3.5%, 95% CI 2.4–4.5). Of the 16 longitudinal studies, the pooled HCV incidence was markedly higher in clinic-based (7.0 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 4.6–9.5) than in community-based (1.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0.7–2.1) studies, and in HIV-positive men (6.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 4.6–8.1) than in HIV-negative men (0.4 per 1000 person-years, 95% CI 0–0.9). Since the early 2000s, 15 case-series reports increasingly pointed to the importance of sexual transmission of HCV in mainly HIV-positive men. Injecting drug use remained the major transmission route of HCV in GBM. Receptive condomless intercourse and concurrent ulcerative sexually transmissible infections are likely drivers that facilitated HCV sexual transmission in HIV-positive men. HCV incidence remains very low in HIV-negative GBM.

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