MUSCLE RELAXATION WITH PANCURONIUM BROMIDE???AN ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDY

1973 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
K. AEBERT
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Pancuronium Bromide

Controlled Evaluation of Muscle Relaxation in the Ventilated Neonate

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-646
Author(s):  
N. N. Finer ◽  
P. M. Tomney
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Pancuronium Bromide ◽  
Intracranial Pressure Elevation ◽  
Controlled Evaluation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Inspiratory Oxygen

To assess the effects of muscle relaxation on the critically ill ventilated neonate, pancuronium bromide was administered for a 12-hour period to ten low-birth-weight neonates (960 to 2,000 gm) of 26 to 34 weeks gestation, all of whom required mechanical ventilation and were studied within 48 hours of birth (six to 39 hours). The infants were also studied for a 12-hour period during which no pancuronium bromide was administered. During both study periods, the order of which was randomized, heart rate, blood pressure, Po2, and intracranial pressure were continuously measured. The amounts of handling during the pancuronium and control periods were similar. The results revealed a significantly greater duration of hypoxia (P02 < 50 torr) (56.1 vs 23.6 minutes, P < .001) and hyperoxia (Po2 > 70 torr) during the control period (92.5 vs 13 minutes, P < .001). Durations of intracranial pressure elevation 10 cm H2O above the infant's baseline were significantly less during paralysis (6.7 vs 58.8 minutes, P < .001) as were spikes of intracranial pressure to greater than 25 cm H2O (1.6 vs 24.4, P < .05). There was no significant improvement in blood gas values, fractional inspiratory oxygen, or ventilator settings during muscle relaxation. Pancuronium reduced periods of nonoptimal oxygenation and elevated intracranial pressure and may therefore help to decrease adverse sequelae for the low-birth-weight, ventilated neonate.

Anesthesia for rabbits submitted to experimental surgeries: Report of a series of eight anesthesias

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
Rafael Antonio Caldart Bedin ◽  
Maisa Schultz ◽  
Antonio Bedin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Anesthetic Induction ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Reasonable Degree ◽  
Bioethical Debate ◽  
Precordial Stethoscope

Anesthesia for laboratory animals is a matter of biomedical concern and one of the most present dilemmas in the current bioethical debate. The use of anesthetic agents in experimental surgery aims at analgesia and restraining the animal, in order to achieve a reasonable degree of muscle relaxation and to produce sufficient analgesia. This practice requires the use of protocols for the administration of safe and efficient doses. Eight New Zealand rabbits were submitted to laparotomies demonstrating the surgical technique discipline of the local medical course. For pre-anesthetic medication, acepromazine 1 mg.kg-1 associated with ketamine 15 mg.kg-1 was used subcutaneously. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane and oxygen under a laryngeal mask in a Mapleson D anesthesia system and under spontaneous breathing. Hydration was performed with 10 ml.kg-1 saline every hour. A thermal mattress was used. Precordial stethoscope, pulse oximetry and clinical parameters were used for monitoring. For euthanasia, ketamine 10 mg.kg-1 associated with potassium chloride 19.1% 1 ml.kg-1 was used intravenously. The average weight of the rabbits was 2721.25 ± 275.01 grams and the duration of the anesthetic procedure was 120 ± 87 minutes. Discussion. In long-term anesthesia, such as laparotomies, the use of pre-anesthetic medication and then anesthetic induction by the combination of agents is recommended. However, anesthetic management requires monitoring to prevent insufficient or excessive doses from occurring.

Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulators and Activators: Where are We and Where to Go?

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 1544-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sijia Xiao ◽  
Qianbin Li ◽  
Liqing Hu ◽  
Zutao Yu ◽  
Jie Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Soluble Guanylate Cyclase ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Guanosine Monophosphate ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Secondary Messenger ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Cgmp Pathway ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies

Soluble Guanylate Cyclase (sGC) is the intracellular receptor of Nitric Oxide (NO). The activation of sGC results in the conversion of Guanosine Triphosphate (GTP) to the secondary messenger cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP). cGMP modulates a series of downstream cascades through activating a variety of effectors, such as Phosphodiesterase (PDE), Protein Kinase G (PKG) and Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated Ion Channels (CNG). NO-sGC-cGMP pathway plays significant roles in various physiological processes, including platelet aggregation, smooth muscle relaxation and neurotransmitter delivery. With the approval of an sGC stimulator Riociguat for the treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH), the enthusiasm in the discovery of sGC modulators continues for broad clinical applications. Notably, through activating the NO-sGC-cGMP pathway, sGC stimulator and activator potentiate for the treatment of various diseases, such as PAH, Heart Failure (HF), Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), Systemic Sclerosis (SS), fibrosis as well as other diseases including Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) and Central Nervous System (CNS) disease. Here, we review the preclinical and clinical studies of sGC stimulator and activator in recent years and prospect for the development of sGC modulators in the near future.

scholarly journals A.122 Vascular effects of propofol: smooth muscle relaxation in human isolated veins and arteries

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 38-39
Author(s):  
Eric Le Pelley ◽  
Pierre Corbi ◽  
Thierry Chataigneau ◽  
Robert Tricoche ◽  
Jacques Fusciardi
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Vascular Effects
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