Where Is 12 o'Clock? A Survey of Skin Surgical Specimen Orientation Among Dermatologists

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken Hiu-Kan Ip ◽  
Bob C.Y. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Specimen Orientation

Preparation of Ceramic Particulates for Transmission Electron Microscopy

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 196-197
Author(s):  
R. J. Lauf ◽  
H. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Ion Milling ◽  
Plastic Films ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Specimen Orientation ◽  
Selection Of

The preparation of fragmented or particulate ceramic materials for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination has traditionally been difficult, particularly if a durable, permanent specimen is desired. Furthermore, most established methods for dealing with micron- and submicron-sized samples (e.g., dispersion in plastic films) do not permit selection of orientations or ion thinning. A technique has been developed that is useful for a variety of materials, permits the selection of specimen orientation, is compatible with ion milling requirements, and produces a durable specimen that can be reexamined later if necessary.

scholarly journals Radiomic and Artificial Intelligence Analysis with Textural Metrics, Morphological and Dynamic Perfusion Features Extracted by Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Classification of Breast Lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1880
Author(s):  
Roberta Fusco ◽  
Adele Piccirillo ◽  
Mario Sansone ◽  
Vincenza Granata ◽  
Paolo Vallone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Feature Selection ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Dce Mri ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Malignant Lesions

Purpose: The aim of the study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of textural, morphological and dynamic features, extracted by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) images, by carrying out univariate and multivariate statistical analyses including artificial intelligence approaches. Methods: In total, 85 patients with known breast lesion were enrolled in this retrospective study according to regulations issued by the local Institutional Review Board. All patients underwent DCE-MRI examination. The reference standard was pathology from a surgical specimen for malignant lesions and pathology from a surgical specimen or fine needle aspiration cytology, core or Tru-Cut needle biopsy for benign lesions. In total, 91 samples of 85 patients were analyzed. Furthermore, 48 textural metrics, 15 morphological and 81 dynamic parameters were extracted by manually segmenting regions of interest. Statistical analyses including univariate and multivariate approaches were performed: non-parametric Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test; receiver operating characteristic (ROC), linear classifier (LDA), decision tree (DT), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM) were utilized. A balancing approach and feature selection methods were used. Results: The univariate analysis showed low accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) for all considered features. Instead, in the multivariate textural analysis, the best performance (accuracy (ACC) = 0.78; AUC = 0.78) was reached with all 48 metrics and an LDA trained with balanced data. The best performance (ACC = 0.75; AUC = 0.80) using morphological features was reached with an SVM trained with 10-fold cross-variation (CV) and balanced data (with adaptive synthetic (ADASYN) function) and a subset of five robust morphological features (circularity, rectangularity, sphericity, gleaning and surface). The best performance (ACC = 0.82; AUC = 0.83) using dynamic features was reached with a trained SVM and balanced data (with ADASYN function). Conclusion: Multivariate analyses using pattern recognition approaches, including all morphological, textural and dynamic features, optimized by adaptive synthetic sampling and feature selection operations obtained the best results and showed the best performance in the discrimination of benign and malignant lesions.

scholarly journals Neonatal cardiogenic shock revealing obstructive cardiac Hibernoma: case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rym Gribaa ◽  
Marwen Kacem ◽  
Sami Ouannes ◽  
Wiem Majdoub ◽  
Houssem Thabet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Transthoracic Echocardiography ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Repair ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Eosinophilic Cytoplasm ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Cardiac Hibernomas are very rare benign tumors and usually remain asymptomatic. Neonatal cardiogenic shock due to cardiac tumors is extremely very rare. Until this date a few cases of cardiac hibernoma have been reported in the literature. Transthoracic echocardiography help in the differential diagnosis, but the definitive diagnosis is histological. The management strategy is not clearly codified. The Aim is to report and discuss the clinical features of a cardiac Hibernoma and review the relevant literature. Case presentation We describe a case of a 2-day-old Caucasian full-term male neonate admitted in neonate intensive care with cardiogenic shock, having fluid resuscitation and inotropic drugs. Ventilatory support was started immediately with the subsequent reestablishment of normal blood pressure. Then he was transferred to the echocardiography laboratory. Transthoracic echocardiography showed two echogenic masses in the right atrium and right ventricle. The masses were extended to the pulmonary trunk. Pulmonary artery flow measurements showed the presence of pulmonary and tricuspid obstruction. Surgery was rapidly considered since the baby was hemodynamically unstable. Intraoperative evaluation showed a mass embedded in the interventricular septum that occupy the right ventricular cavity and the right atrium. The tumor involved also the chordae of the tricuspid. Partial resection was done. Tricuspid valve repair was performed by construction of new chordae from the autologous pericardium. The specimen was sent for histopathological analysis. The baby died immediately after surgery. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed clear multivacuolated cells filled with lipid droplets and granular intense eosinophilic cytoplasm which confirms the diagnosis of Hibernoma. Conclusion Cardiac Hibernomas are rare benign tumors. The prognosis and treatment strategy is closely dependent on the location, initial clinical presentation and possible complications. The prognosis can be unfavorable if the tumor was obstructive and infiltrate the myocardium.

scholarly journals Concurrent Bowen’s Disease of the Nipple and Breast Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1410-1414
Author(s):  
Kei Yamaguchi ◽  
Ryoichi Matsunuma ◽  
Toko Kumeta ◽  
Sae Imada ◽  
Ryosuke Hayami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Bowen’S Disease ◽  
Ipsilateral Breast ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Bowen's Disease

Bowen’s disease is a squamous cell carcinoma in situ that commonly develops on the trunk, arms, or legs and has not spread beyond the top layer of skin. It seldom develops on the nipple. We report a patient who presented with Bowen’s disease of the nipple and had a concurrent breast cancer identified in the ipsilateral breast after careful examination. Histopathological examination of the surgical specimen after mastectomy confirmed the diagnoses.

scholarly journals Retropubic, laparoscopic, and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a multi-institutional comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr A. Faddan ◽  
Mahmoud M. Shalaby ◽  
Mohamed Gadelmoula ◽  
Younis Alshamsi ◽  
Daniar K. Osmonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Perioperative Complications ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Perioperative Outcomes ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background The standard surgical treatment of localized prostate cancer (PCa) has been rapidly changed along the last two decades from open to laparoscopic and finally robot-assisted techniques. Herein, we compare the three procedures for radical prostatectomy (RP), namely radical retropubic (RRP), laparoscopic (LRP), and robot-assisted laparoscopic (RALRP) regarding the perioperative clinical outcome and complication rate in four academic institutions. Methods A total of 394 patients underwent RP between January 2016 and December 2018 in four academic institutions; their records were reviewed. We recorded the patient age, BMI, PSA level, Gleason score and TNM stage, type of surgery, the pathological data from the surgical specimen, the perioperative complications, unplanned reoperating, and readmission rates within 3 months postoperatively. Statistical significance was set at (P < 0.05). All reported P values are two-sided. Results A total of 123 patients underwent RALRP, 220 patients underwent RRP, and 51 underwent LRP. There was no statistically significant difference between the three groups regarding age, BMI, prostatic volume, and preoperative PSA. However, there were statistically significant differences between them regarding the operating time (P < .0001), catheterization period (P < .001), hospital stay (P < .0001), and overall complications rate (P = .023). Conclusions The minimally invasive procedures (RALRP and LRP) are followed by a significantly lower complication rate. However, the patients’ factors and surgical experience likely impact perioperative outcomes and complications.

scholarly journals Spontaneous regression of breast cancer with immune response: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ohara ◽  
Yumiko Koi ◽  
Tatsunari Sasada ◽  
Keiko Kajitani ◽  
Seishi Mizuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Spontaneous Regression ◽  
Ductal Carcinoma ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Coagulation Necrosis ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Spontaneous regression (SR) is a rare phenomenon in which a cancer disappears or remits without treatment. We report a case of breast cancer that showed spontaneous tumor regression in the surgical specimen after core needle biopsy. Case presentation A 59-year-old woman came to our hospital complaining of a painful lump in the right breast. In the upper-outer quadrant of the right breast, a tumor with an unclear boundary, 30 mm in diameter, was palpable. In pathological findings from needle biopsy, the tumor was diagnosed as solid-type invasive ductal breast carcinoma. Partial coagulation necrosis was generated in estrogen receptor-negative, HER2-negative, and AE1/AE3-positive ductal carcinoma without infiltration of lymphocytes. Surgery for right breast cancer was then performed. Histological examination of the surgical specimen revealed the tumor was invasive ductal carcinoma with lymphocyte infiltration, coagulation necrosis, and fibrous tissue with hemosiderin. The tumor formed a solid nest, 3 mm in diameter, suggesting the possibility of SR. Conclusions Immune responses, infection, hormones, surgical stress, and ischemia have been reported as mechanisms of SR. The findings in this case strongly suggest that SR of breast cancer is associated with anti-tumor immune responses.

scholarly journals Diffusion-weighted imaging in differentiating mid-course responders to chemotherapy for long-bone osteosarcoma compared to the histologic response: an update

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline Habre ◽  
Alexia Dabadie ◽  
Anderson D. Loundou ◽  
Jean-Bruno Banos ◽  
Catherine Desvignes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Chemotherapy ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Imaging ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Long Bone ◽  
Poor Responders ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Apparent Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Diffusion Weighted ◽  
Single Centre Study

Abstract Background Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has been described to correlate with tumoural necrosis in response to preoperative chemotherapy for osteosarcoma. Objective To assess the accuracy of DWI in evaluating the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy at the mid-course treatment of long-bone osteosarcoma and in predicting survival. Materials and methods We conducted a prospective single-centre study over a continuous period of 11 years. Consecutive patients younger than 20 years treated with a neoadjuvant regimen for peripheral conventional osteosarcoma were eligible for inclusion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with DWI was performed at diagnosis, and mid- and end-course chemotherapy with mean apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) calculated at each time point. A percentage less than or equal to 10% of the viable residual tissue at the histological analysis of the surgical specimen was defined as a good responder to chemotherapy. Survival comparisons were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Uni- and multivariate analyses with ADC change were performed by Cox modelling. This is an expansion and update of our previous work. Results Twenty-six patients between the ages of 4.8 and 19.6 years were included, of whom 14 were good responders. At mid-course chemotherapy, good responders had significantly higher mean ADC values (P=0.046) and a higher increase in ADC (P=0.015) than poor responders. The ADC change from diagnosis to mid-course MRI did not appear to be a prognosticator of survival and did not impact survival rates of both groups. Conclusion DWI at mid-course preoperative chemotherapy for osteosarcoma should be considered to evaluate the degree of histological necrosis and to predict survival. The anticipation of a response to neoadjuvant treatment by DWI may have potential implications on preoperative management.

Cisplatin, vinblastine, and mitoguazone chemotherapy for epidermoid and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A A Forastiere ◽  
M Gennis ◽  
M B Orringer ◽  
F P Agha
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Transhiatal Esophagectomy ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Surgical Specimen ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Esophagus ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tumor Measurements ◽  
Regional Disease ◽  
Group B

Thirty-six patients with adenocarcinoma or epidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus were entered into a phase II trial evaluating the combination of cisplatin 100 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) day 2, vinblastine 1.6 mg/m2 IV days 1 to 4, and mitoguazone (MGBG) 500 mg/m2 IV days 1 and 8. Twenty-nine patients (group A) were newly diagnosed with local-regional disease only and were candidates for transhiatal esophagectomy (THE). These patients received two courses of chemotherapy at 3-week intervals prior to surgery. Response was assessed by measuring changes in the primary tumor length and depth on serial biphasic contrast esophagrams and comparing this result with tumor measurements obtained from the surgical specimen. Complete (CR) and partial responders (PR) received three additional postoperative cycles. Seven patients had recurrent or metastatic disease (group B) and were treated every 4 weeks until disease progression. Of 34 patients evaluable for response, there was one pathologically confirmed CR and 15 PRs (47%). This consisted of 12 of 27 (44%) group A patients (seven of 11 epidermoid, five of 16 adenocarcinoma) and four of seven (57%) group B patients (two of four epidermoid, two of three adenocarcinoma). Toxicity included leukopenia in one third of treatment courses and thrombocytopenia in 21%. Nausea and vomiting occurred in 60% of patients, diarrhea in 18%, transient nephrotoxicity in 18%, peripheral neuropathy in 12%, and ototoxicity in 3%. Twenty-five group A patients underwent resection. Four chemotherapy nonresponders (NR) and one PR had known disease left at surgery; all others (80%) had gross total removal of their disease. The median survival time (MST) of the 29 group A patients was 14 months, with 21% alive at 36 months. The MST of group A chemotherapy responders was 15 months compared with 9 months for NRs (P = .032). Initial sites of recurrence in 14 patients were local-regional in six, distant only in six, both local-regional and distant in two. This regimen, administered in maximally tolerated doses, was active in epidermoid and adenocarcinoma histologies, recurrent disease and newly diagnosed patients. However, nearly all responses were PRs and the MST of resected patients was similar to a prior series of patients treated with esophagectomy alone. Observations from this pilot trial and those of others have led to a follow-up study, in progress, evaluating intensive preoperative chemotherapy and concurrent radiation therapy (RT).

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