Vitamin D Insufficiency in HIV-infected Pregnant Women Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy is Not Associated With Morbidity, Mortality or Growth Impairment in Their Uninfected Infants in Botswana

We aimed to describe the vitamin D status of young women living in two Chinese cities in the spring – Beijing in the north (latitude 39° north) and Hong Kong (latitude 22° north) in the south. We also examined the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations to determine a threshold for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D above which there is no further suppression of PTH. Finally, we examined whether dietary Ca intake influences this relationship. Non-pregnant women aged 18–40 years (n 441) were recruited between February and June. Fasting blood was collected and dietary intakes were assessed using 5 d food records. Mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was lower in Beijing than Hong Kong women (29 v. 34 nmol/l; P < 0·001). Vitamin D deficiency ( ≤ 25 nmol/l) was indicated in 40 % of Beijing and 18 % of Hong Kong women, and over 90 % of women in both cities were insufficient ( ≤ 50 nmol/l). Mean Ca and vitamin D intakes were 478 mg/d and 2·0 μg/d, respectively. The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and PTH was linear throughout the range with a slope of − 0·36 (different from 0; P < 0·001; R 0·26), with no apparent threshold. There was no influence of Ca intake on the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and PTH concentration. Vitamin D deficiency is common and insufficiency is very common in non-pregnant women in Hong Kong and Beijing during spring. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D was inversely associated with PTH with no apparent threshold. Strategies such as vitamin D fortification or supplementation may be required.

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Opinions and Practice of US-Based Obstetrician-Gynecologists regarding Vitamin D Screening and Supplementation of Pregnant Women

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2016/1454707 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Sara A. Mohamed ◽

Ayman Al-Hendy ◽

Jay Schulkin ◽

Michael L. Power

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Patient Population ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Institute Of Medicine ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Endocrine Society ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D

Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency is prevalent among pregnant women. Recommendations for adequate levels of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and appropriate vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy differ between the Institute of Medicine and the Endocrine Society. Obstetrician-gynecologists must make clinical decisions in this environment of uncertain guidance. An online questionnaire regarding physician practice patterns for screening and supplementing pregnant women was administered to 225 randomly selected practicing obstetrician-gynecologists of whom 101 (45%) completed the questionnaire. A majority indicated that vitamin D insufficiency was a problem in their patient population (68.4%) and that most of their pregnant patients would benefit from vitamin D supplementation (66.3%). Half (52.5%) would recommend vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy to some patients, but only 16.8% to all. Only one in four (25.8%) routinely screen their pregnant patients for vitamin D status. Physicians who indicated that vitamin D status was a problem in their patient population were more likely to screen routinely (32.8% versus 9.7%,P=0.002) and believe their patients would benefit from supplementation (91.2% versus 16.1%,P=0.001). Opinion regarding supplementation levels and indicators of adequacy were split between the two competing recommendations, suggesting that clinical practice will likely remain variable across physicians, with uncertain public health consequences.

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An evaluation of association of vitamin D insufficiency with gestational hypertension in pregnant women

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20183299 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (8) ◽

pp. 3109

Author(s):

Khan Arshiya ◽

Srivastava Meenakshi

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Task Force ◽

Gestational Hypertension ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease specific to pregnancy affecting many bodily systems. This is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria after the 20th week of pregnancy. The objective of this study was to evaluate of association of vitamin D insufficiency with gestational hypertension in pregnant women.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 104 pregnant women were included in the study. The diagnosis of gestational hypertension was confirmed using the “Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy” criteria. Based on these criteria, patients with systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (measured after a period of rest of four hours, twice daily) and proteinuria (≥300 mg protein/24 h) were diagnosed as gestational hypertension.Results: Vitamin D deficiency was found among 78.9% (90/114) women. There was no significant (p >0.05) difference in age of women between vitamin D deficient and sufficient. Vitamin D level was significantly (p = 0.0001) lower among the women between Vitamin D deficient (15.93±4.66) and sufficient (35.70±3.25). There was no significant (p >0.05) association of Vitamin D level with parity, family history of hypertension, blood pressure, gestational age and fasting blood glucose. There was significant (p = 0.0001) difference in BMI between Vitamin D deficient (30.10±4.95) and sufficient (24.04±2.75). Tobacco consumption was also associated with the level of Vitamin D. There was significant negative correlation between BMI and Vitamin D level (r = -0.56, p = 0.00011).Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that vitamin D plays a role in the ethology and pathophysiology of gestational hypertension. Among the population having the risk of vitamin D deficiency, the risk of pregnancy induced hypertension may be decreased through vitamin D supplementation.

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Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in pregnant women: a longitudinal study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114509297236 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 102 (6) ◽

pp. 876-881 ◽

Cited By ~ 152

Author(s):

Valerie A. Holmes ◽

Maria S. Barnes ◽

H. Denis Alexander ◽

Peter McFaul ◽

Julie M. W. Wallace

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Maternal Vitamin ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Supplement Use

Maternal vitamin D insufficiency is associated with childhood rickets and longer-term problems including schizophrenia and type 1 diabetes. Whilst maternal vitamin D insufficiency is common in mothers with highly pigmented skin, little is known about vitamin D status of Caucasian pregnant women. The aim was to investigate vitamin D status in healthy Caucasian pregnant women and a group of age-matched non-pregnant controls living at 54–55°N. In a longitudinal study, plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was assessed in ninety-nine pregnant women at 12, 20 and 35 weeks of gestation, and in thirty-eight non-pregnant women sampled concurrently. Plasma 25(OH)D concentrations were lower in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (P < 0·0001). Of the pregnant women, 35, 44 and 16 % were classified as vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 25 nmol/l), and 96, 96 and 75 % were classified as vitamin D insufficient (25(OH)D < 50 nmol/l) at 12, 20 and 35 weeks gestation, respectively. Vitamin D status was higher in pregnant women who reported taking multivitamin supplements at 12 (P < 0·0001), 20 (P = 0·001) and 35 (P = 0·001) weeks gestation than in non-supplement users. Vitamin D insufficiency is evident in pregnant women living at 54–55°N. Women reporting use of vitamin D-containing supplements had higher vitamin D status, however, vitamin D insufficiency was still evident even in the face of supplement use. Given the potential consequences of hypovitaminosis D on health outcomes, vitamin D supplementation, perhaps at higher doses than currently available, is needed to improve maternal vitamin D nutriture.

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Vitamin D insufficiency in healthy pregnant women living in Warsaw

Ginekologia Polska ◽

10.17772/gp/1590 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 84 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Zbigniew Bartoszewicz ◽

Agnieszka Kondracka ◽

Małgorzata Krasnodębska-Kiljańska ◽

Beata Niedźwiedzka ◽

Michał Popow ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency

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Prevalensi Defisiensi Vitamin D Dan Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhinya Pada Orang Hidup Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso

The Indonesian Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.32667/ijid.v1i01.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (01) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Maya M Montain ◽

Janto G. Sinulingga ◽

NFN Fatmawati ◽

NFN Herlina ◽

Nursanti Kurniastuti

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Immune Reconstitution ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Immune Reconstitution Syndrome ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

The People ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Hiv Aids

Abstract:Most people with HIV AIDS have been found with vitamin D deficiency, which is evidently influence by efavirenz as one of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen for HIV AIDS therapy, the characteristics of people with HIV AIDS, vitamin D intake, people with HIV AIDS life style, & drug intake that effect vitamin D level. 25-hydroxyvitamin D (D 25-OH) serumlevel measured vitamin D status at people with HIV AIDS. Vitamin D insufficiency was defined at 50-75 nmol/ml (20-30 ng/ml)D 25 OH , while vitamin D deficiency was defined under 50 nmol/ml (< 20 ng/ml) D 25-OH. Vitamin D is needed to maintain the health of bone and adequate immune function, that controled HIV infection. Vitamin D deficiency can increase the risk of bone fracture and Immune Reconstitution Syndrome(IRIS). Up to now, there has not been any data of the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its influencing factors on the people with HIV AIDS in Indonesia. The objective of this research is to understand the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its influencing factors on the people with HIV AIDS in Sulianti Saroso communicable disease hospital, that already have or not yet have ART intake . The results indicated that 88,8% people with HIV AIDS suffered vitamin D deficiency, and 11,2% suffered vitamin D insufficiency. The tested factors did not evidently influence the vitamin D deficiency.Abstrak. Defisiensi vitamin D ditemukan pada sebagian besar Orang Dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) dimana defisiensi ini dipengaruhi salah satunya oleh efavirenz sebagai rejimen NNRTI yang merupakan salah satu rejimen ART (Antiretroviral Therapy) dalam terapi pengobatan ODHA. Faktor-faktor lain yang juga diduga berpengaruh terhadap defisiensi vitamin D pada ODHA adalah karakteristik ODHA, asupan sumber vitamin D, perilaku ODHA, dan juga konsumsi obat-obatan yang dapat mempengaruhi kadar vitamin D. Kadar vitamin D diketahui dengan mengukur kadar serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D dan dikategorikan sebagai insufiensi atau ketidakcukupan vitamin D bila kadar D 25-OH mencapai 50-75 nmol/ml (20-30 ng/ml), dan dikategorikan sebagai defisiensi atau kekurangan vitamin D bila jika kadar D 25-OH mencapai < 50 nmol/ml (< 20 ng/ml). Vitamin D dibutuhkan untuk mempertahankan kesehatan tulang dan untuk fungsi imun yang adekuat, yang membantu mengendalikan infeksi HIV. Defisiensi vitamin D pada ODHA dapat meningkatkan resiko fraktur tulang dan terjadinya Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (IRIS). Hingga saat ini belum ada data di Indonesia tentang prevalensi defisiensi D pada ODHA, serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi defisiensi vitamin D pada 107 ODHA di RSPI Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso tahun 2010, baik yang belum maupun yang sudah mendapat ART dengan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa 88,8% ODHA mengalami defisiensi vitamin D, dan yang mengalami insufisiensi vitamin D sebanyak 11,2%. Namun faktor-faktor yang diuji tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap defisiensi vitamin D.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in HIV-1-infected patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.737392632.793574763 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Subclinical Atherosclerosis ◽

Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽

Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Hiv 1

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