scholarly journals STEADY-STATE PHARMACOKINETICS OF LOPINAVIR/RITONAVIR IN COMBINATION WITH EFAVIRENZ IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-INFECTED PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. King ◽  
Edward P. Acosta ◽  
Ram Yogev ◽  
Andrew Wiznia ◽  
Joyce Kraimer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals The Steady‐State Pharmacokinetics of Efavirenz and Nevirapine When Used in Combination in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1–Infected Persons

2001 ◽  
Vol 184 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes I. Veldkamp ◽  
Marianne Harris ◽  
Julio S. G. Montaner ◽  
Graeme Moyle ◽  
Brian Gazzard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Steady-state pharmacokinetics of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected Chinese patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Du ◽  
Huijuan Kou ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Yanling Li ◽  
Zhu Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Steady-State Pharmacokinetics of Amprenavir Coadministered with Ritonavir in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Patients

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecile Goujard ◽  
Isabelle Vincent ◽  
Jean-Luc Meynard ◽  
Nathalie Choudet ◽  
Diane Bollens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Concentration Time ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT The protease inhibitor (PI) ritonavir is used as a strong inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A4, which boosts the activities of coadministered PIs, resulting in augmented plasma PI levels, simplification of the dosage regimen, and better efficacy against resistant viruses. The objectives of the present open-label, multiple-dose study were to determine the steady-state pharmacokinetics of amprenavir administered at 600 mg twice daily (BID) and ritonavir administered at 100 mg BID in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected adults treated with different antiretroviral combinations including or not including a nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Nineteen patients completed the study. The steady-state mean minimum plasma amprenavir concentration (C min,ss) was 1.92 μg/ml for patients who received amprenavir and ritonavir without an NNRTI and 1.36 μg/ml for patients who received amprenavir and ritonavir plus efavirenz. For patients who received amprenavir-ritonavir without an NNRTI, the steady-state mean peak plasma amprenavir concentration (C max,ss) was 7.12 μg/ml, the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 10 h (AUC0-10) was 32.06 μg · h/ml, and the area under the concentration-time curve over a dosing interval (12 h) at steady-state (AUCss) was 35.74 μg · h/ml. Decreases in the mean values of C min,ss (29%), C max,ss (42%), AUC0-10 (42%), and AUCss (40%) for amprenavir occurred when efavirenz was coadministered with amprenavir-ritonavir. No unexpected side effects were observed. As expected, coadministration of amprenavir with ritonavir resulted in an amprenavir C min,ss markedly higher than those previously reported for the marketed dose of amprenavir. When amprenavir-ritonavir was coadministered with efavirenz, amprenavir-ritonavir maintained a mean amprenavir C min,ss above the mean 50% inhibitory concentration of amprenavir previously determined for both wild-type HIV-1 isolates and HIV-1 strains isolated from PI-experienced patients. These data support the use of low-dose ritonavir to enhance the level of exposure to amprenavir and increase the efficacy of amprenavir.

scholarly journals Pharmacokinetics and safety of oral levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals receiving concomitant zidovudine.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1765-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
S C Chien ◽  
A T Chow ◽  
M C Rogge ◽  
R R Williams ◽  
C W Hendrix
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Plasma Concentration ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profiles ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

This phase I, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-design study was conducted to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected subjects concomitantly receiving a stable regimen of zidovudine (AZT). Sixteen HIV-infected males with CD4-cell counts ranging from 100 to 550 and not experiencing significant AZT intolerance were enrolled. Subjects received levofloxacin (350 mg of levofloxacin hemihydrate) or a placebo (eight subjects per treatment group) as a single oral dose on day 1, multiple doses every 8 h from days 3 to 9, and a single dose on day 10. On days 1 and 10, an AZT dose (100 mg) was administered concurrently with the study drug. In between these doses, AZT was administered according to the regimen used by the subject prior to entering the study up to a maximum of 500 mg/day. Plasma levofloxacin concentrations were monitored for 36 h after levofloxacin dosing on day 1, immediately prior to the morning doses on days 3 to 9, and for 72 h after dosing on day 10. Plasma AZT concentrations were monitored on day 0 for baseline (for 6 h after the AZT dose) and for 4 h after the AZT doses on days 1 and 10. Levofloxacin was rapidly absorbed (time to maximum plasma concentration, approximately 1.0 h) and extensively distributed in the body with an apparent volume of distribution of approximately 104 liters (approximately 1.34 liters/kg). Steady-state conditions on day 10 were confirmed. Pharmacokinetic profiles of levofloxacin from single doses and multiple (three-times-daily) doses were similar, with a moderate accumulation (observed day 10-to-day 1 ratio of the maximum plasma concentration, approximately 185% versus expected 169%; for the corresponding ratio of the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 8 h [AUC(0-8)], the values were observed 217% versus expected 169%) at steady state. Mean average steady-state peak plasma concentration, plasma levofloxacin concentration at the end of the dosing interval, AUC(0-8), terminal half-life, and total body clearance were 7.06 microg/ml, 3.62 microg/ml, 37.4 microg x h/ml, 7.2 h, and 9.4 liters/h (0.12 liters/h/kg), respectively. Pharmacokinetic profiles of levofloxacin in HIV-infected patients did not appear to be affected by the concomitant administration of AZT; nor were AZT pharmacokinetics altered by levofloxacin. Oral administration of 350 mg of levofloxacin hemihydrate every 8 h appeared to be well tolerated by the subjects. There were no apparent differences in adverse events between the two treatment groups. There were no clinically significant changes from baseline in any laboratory parameter or vital sign following treatments observed in this study. The study results suggest that there is no need for levofloxacin dosage adjustment in HIV-seropositive subjects who concomitantly receive AZT.

Lymphocyte phenotype does not predict immune function in pediatric patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1989 ◽  
Vol 115 (6) ◽  
pp. 944-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juanita Petersen ◽  
Joseph Church ◽  
Edward Gomperts ◽  
Robertson Parkman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Lymphocyte Phenotype ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Causes of Death in Pediatric Patients Vertically Infected by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in Madrid, Spain, From 1982 to Mid-2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Palladino ◽  
Francisco J. Climent ◽  
Ma Isabel De José ◽  
Santiago Jimenez De Ory ◽  
Jose María Bellón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

scholarly journals Evaluation of Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerance, and Activity of Combination of Zalcitabine and Zidovudine in Stable, Zidovudine‐Treated Pediatric Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection

1997 ◽  
Vol 175 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039-1050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj S. Bakshi ◽  
Paula Britto ◽  
Edmund Capparelli ◽  
Lynne Mofenson ◽  
Mary Glen Fowler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

Gastrostomy Tube Insertion for Improvement of Adherence to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Pediatric Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. e80-e80 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shingadia ◽  
R. M. Viani ◽  
R. Yogev ◽  
H. Binns ◽  
W. M. Dankner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Gastrostomy Tube ◽  
Tube Insertion ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus
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