Systematic review of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability scale for assessing pain in infants and children

Pain ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 2132-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne J. Crellin ◽  
Denise Harrison ◽  
Nick Santamaria ◽  
Franz E. Babl
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
The Face ◽  
In Infants And Children

Atopy Risk in Infants and Children in Relation to Early Exposure to Fish, Oily Fish, or Long-Chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids: A Systematic Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lefkothea-Stella Kremmyda ◽  
Maria Vlachava ◽  
Paul S. Noakes ◽  
Norma D. Diaper ◽  
Elizabeth A. Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Oily Fish ◽  
In Infants And Children ◽  
Long Chain

scholarly journals Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of COVID-19 in Infants and Children: A Systematic Review Study of Performed Protocols

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Karimian ◽  
Feizollah Mansouri ◽  
Milad Borji ◽  
Asma Tarjoman ◽  
Somayeh Mahdikhani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Review Study ◽  
In Infants And Children

Context: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the most dangerous viral diseases that started spreading in China in 2019 and has caused many deaths so far. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review studies on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus in infants and children. Evidence Acquisition: This is a systematic review study conducted in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, and Web of Science (ISI) databases on October 8 2020. Also, we searched Google Scholar to find all in-press articles. To extract data, a checklist was used, which included the author’s name, year of publication, purpose, age group of patients under study, and the protocol applied for coronavirus prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The search was done with AND, OR, NOT strategies. The results of the study were reported in a descriptive manner using Endnote version 8 software. Results: According to the results of the basic search, 120 articles were extracted on the management of coronavirus. Of the articles extracted, 30 were articles related to children, of which only eight developed protocols for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in infants and children. Of the studies extracted, six were from China, one from Iran, and one from Australia. It should be noted that the protocols for infants were extracted from two studies on infants and four studies on the pediatric group. Conclusions: It is proposed to consider and study this systematic review of coronavirus management in infants and children.

scholarly journals Procedural Pain Scale Evaluation (PROPoSE) study: protocol for an evaluation of the psychometric properties of behavioural pain scales for the assessment of procedural pain in infants and children aged 6–42 months

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e016225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne J Crellin ◽  
Denise Harrison ◽  
Adrian Hutchinson ◽  
Tibor Schuster ◽  
Nick Santamaria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Human Research Ethics ◽  
Ethical Approval ◽  
The Face ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
In Infants And Children

IntroductionInfants and children are frequently exposed to painful medical procedures such as immunisation, blood sampling and intravenous access. Over 40 scales for pain assessment are available, many designed for neonatal or postoperative pain. What is not well understood is how well these scales perform when used to assess procedural pain in infants and children.AimThe aim of this study was to test the psychometric and practical properties of the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry and Consolability (FLACC) scale, the Modified Behavioural Pain Scale (MBPS) and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) observer pain scale to quantify procedural pain intensity in infants and children aged from 6–42 months to determine their suitability for clinical and research purposes.Methods and analysisA prospective observational non-interventional study conducted at a single centre. The psychometric and practical performance of the FLACC scale, MBPS and the VAS observer pain scale and VAS observer distress scale used to assess children experiencing procedural pain will be assessed. Infants and young children aged 6–42 months undergoing one of four painful and/or distressing procedures were recruited and the procedure digitally video recorded. Clinicians and psychologists will be recruited to independently apply the scales to these video recordings to establish intrarater and inter-rater reliability, convergent validity responsiveness and specificity. Pain score distributions will be presented descriptively; reliability will be assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Bland-Altman plots. Spearman correlations will be used to assess convergence and linear mixed modelling to explore the responsiveness of the scales to pain and their capacity to distinguish between pain and distress.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was provided by the Royal Children’s Hospital Human Research Ethics Committee, approval number 35220B. The findings of this study will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences.

DIAGNOSIS OF SINUSITIS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marvin S. Kogutt ◽  
Leonard E. Swischuk
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
The Face ◽  
In Infants And Children

A study was undertaken to evaluate sinusitis in infants and children and to correlate the clinical and radiographic findings. Symptoms were often minimal, even in the face of marked sinus involvement, and persistent rhinorrhea, cough, and otitis media were the most common findings. Symptoms such as fever, localized tenderness, and pain were much less frequently encountered, and indeed, were conspicuous by their absence. Radiographic examination was found to be valuable both in assessing the initial extent of involvement and in following the response to therapy, but probably is not necessary in every case.

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