scholarly journals Description of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Occupational Exposure From a Field Pilot Study of Large Population-Based Cohort (CONSTANCES)

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 859-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Carton ◽  
Annette Leclerc ◽  
Sandrine Plouvier ◽  
Eleonore Herquelot ◽  
Marie Zins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based

scholarly journals Maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring - National Birth Defects Prevention Study 1997–2011

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nynke Spinder ◽  
Lynn M Almli ◽  
Tania A Desrosiers ◽  
Kathryn E Arnold ◽  
Jorieke E H Bergman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Large Population ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Prevention Study ◽  
Solvent Exposure

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal occupational exposure to solvents and gastroschisis in offspring.MethodsWe used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study of major birth defects conducted in 10 US states from 1997 to 2011. Infants with gastroschisis were ascertained by active birth defects surveillance systems. Control infants without major birth defects were selected from vital records or birth hospital records. Self-reported maternal occupational histories were collected by telephone interview. Industrial hygienists reviewed this information to estimate exposure to aromatic, chlorinated and petroleum-based solvents from 1 month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy. Cumulative exposure to solvents was estimated for the same period accounting for estimated exposure intensity and frequency, job duration and hours worked per week. ORs and 95% CIs were estimated to assess the association between exposure to any solvents or solvent classes, and gastroschisis risk.ResultsAmong 879 cases and 7817 controls, the overall prevalence of periconceptional solvent exposure was 7.3% and 7.4%, respectively. Exposure to any solvent versus no exposure to solvents was not associated with gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75 to 1.32), nor was an association noted for solvent classes. There was no exposure-response relationship between estimated cumulative solvent exposure and gastroschisis after adjusting for maternal age.ConclusionOur study found no association between maternal occupational solvent exposure and gastroschisis in offspring. Further research is needed to understand risk factors for gastroschisis.

scholarly journals Salt Consumption in Latvian Population: A Pilot Study

Medicina ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Ilva Lazda ◽  
Māris Goldmanis ◽  
Inese Siksna
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
World Health ◽  
Food Diary ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Dietary Data

Background and objective: High dietary sodium intake is associated with multiple health risks, and the average sodium intake in Latvia is higher than the World Health Organization has recommended. In Latvia, no study so far has combined self-reported dietary data on sodium and potassium intake with objective measurements in 24-h urine samples. This pilot study aimed to cross-validate both methods and to assess any possible factors interfering with the collection of samples and data in large, population-based future studies of sodium and potassium intake in Latvian adults. Materials and methods: A stratified random sample of healthy Latvian adults aged 19–64 (n = 30) was drawn. Dietary data of sodium and potassium was collected using one 24-h dietary recall and a two-day food diary. Sodium and potassium excretion was measured by one 24-h urinary collection. Results: Median intake of sodium and potassium based on dietary data was 2276.4 mg/day (interquartile range (IQR), 1683.3–3979.4) and 2172.0 mg/day (IQR, 1740.6–3506.5), respectively. Median intake of sodium and potassium based on urinary data was 3500.3 mg/day (IQR, 2191.0–5535.0) and 2965.4 mg/day (IQR, 2530.2–3749.9), respectively. Urinary data showed significantly higher results than dietary records (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p = 0.023). Only 13% of the subjects did not exceed the WHO-recommended limit of 2000 mg of sodium per day, and only 33% consumed at least the recommended allowance of 3510 mg of potassium per day. Median intake of salt was 8.8 g/day (IQR, 5.5–13.8) (according to urinary data). Conclusions: The findings from the present study showed considerable underestimation of dietary sodium and potassium intake based on self-reported dietary data. Urinary data revealed more accurate results, and showed that Latvian adults exceed the amount of salt recommended and consume less potassium than recommended. The pilot study also showed that the chosen methods are adequate for implementation in large, population-based studies to evaluate dietary intake of salt, sodium, and potassium in populations of Latvian adults.

scholarly journals Occupational Exposure to Diesel Motor Exhaust and Lung Cancer: A Dose-Response Relationship Hidden by Asbestos Exposure Adjustment? The ICARE Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireille Matrat ◽  
Florence Guida ◽  
Sylvie Cénée ◽  
Joelle Févotte ◽  
Matthieu Carton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Response Relationship ◽  
Dose Response Relationship ◽  
Motor Exhaust

Background. In a French large population-based case-control study we investigated the dose-response relationship between lung cancer and occupational exposure to diesel motor exhaust (DME), taking into account asbestos exposure.Methods. Exposure to DME was assessed by questionnaire. Asbestos was taken into account through a global indicator of exposure to occupational carcinogens or by a specific JEM.Results. We found a crude dose response relationship with most of the indicators of DME exposure, including with the cumulative exposure index. All results were affected by adjustment for asbestos exposure. The dose response relationships between DME and lung cancer were observed among subjects never exposed to asbestos.Conclusions. Exposure to DME and to asbestos is frequently found among the same subjects, which may explain why dose-response relationships in previous studies that adjusted for asbestos exposure were inconsistent.

Associations between Body Composition and Mortality: A Large Population-Based Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Rong Li ◽  
Pei-Liang Chen ◽  
Xin Cheng ◽  
Hai-Lian Yang ◽  
Wen-Fang Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based

Occupational Exposure to Electric Shocks and Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields and Motor Neurone Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace X Chen ◽  
Andrea’t Mannetje ◽  
Jeroen Douwes ◽  
Leonard H Berg ◽  
Neil Pearce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Motor Neurone ◽  
Motor Neurone Disease ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Spine Injury ◽  
Extremely Low Frequency ◽  
Electric Shocks

Abstract In a New Zealand population-based case-control study we assessed associations with occupational exposure to electric shocks, extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and motor neurone disease using job-exposure matrices to assess exposure. Participants were recruited between 2013 and 2016. Associations with ever/never, duration, and cumulative exposure were assessed using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, sports, head or spine injury and solvents, and mutually adjusted for the other exposure. All analyses were repeated stratified by sex. An elevated risk was observed for having ever worked in a job with potential for electric shocks (odds ratio (OR)=1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98, 1.86), with the strongest association for the highest level of exposure (OR=2.01, 95%CI: 1.31, 3.09). Analysis by duration suggested a non-linear association: risk was increased for both short-duration (<3 years) (OR= 4.69, 95%CI: 2.25, 9.77) and long-duration in a job with high level of electric shock exposure (>24 years; OR=1.88; 95%CI: 1.05, 3.36), with less pronounced associations for intermediate durations. No association with ELF-MF was found. Our findings provide support for an association between occupational exposure to electric shocks and motor neurone disease but did not show associations with exposure to work-related ELF-MF.

Fracture Risk in Patients with Myasthenia Gravis: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Charles Kassardjian ◽  
Jessica Widdifield ◽  
J. Michael Paterson ◽  
Alexander Kopp ◽  
Chenthila Nagamuthu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Osteoporosis Prevention ◽  
Inception Cohort ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Multiple Covariates ◽  
Region Of Residence

Background: Prednisone is a common treatment for myasthenia gravis (MG), and osteoporosis is a known potential risk of chronic prednisone therapy. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the risk of serious fractures in a population-based cohort of MG patients. Methods: An inception cohort of patients with MG was identified from administrative health data in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2002 and December 31, 2015. For each MG patient, we matched 4 general population comparators based on age, sex, and region of residence. Fractures were identified through emergency department and hospitalization data. Crude overall rates and sex-specific rates of fractures were calculated for the MG and comparator groups, as well as rates of specific fractures. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox regression. Results: Among 3,823 incident MG patients (followed for a mean of 5 years), 188 (4.9%) experienced a fracture compared with 741 (4.8%) fractures amongst 15,292 matched comparators. Crude fracture rates were not different between the MG cohort and matched comparators (8.71 vs. 7.98 per 1000 patient years), overall and in men and women separately. After controlling for multiple covariates, MG patients had a significantly lower risk of fracture than comparators (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.63–0.88). Conclusions: In this large, population-based cohort of incident MG patients, MG patients were at lower risk of a major fracture than comparators. The reasons for this finding are unclear but may highlight the importance osteoporosis prevention.

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