Cerebral Toxoplasmosis After Tandem High-dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant for Neuroblastoma

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. e50-e52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Voegele ◽  
Alexandra C. Cheerva ◽  
Salvatore Bertolone
Keyword(s):  
High Dose Chemotherapy ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant

Long-term outcomes of survivors of autologous hematopoietic-cell transplantation for refractory and relapsed Hodgkin’s Disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 6554-6554
Author(s):  
K. A. Goodman ◽  
V. Serrano ◽  
E. R. Riedel ◽  
S. Gulati ◽  
C. H. Moskowitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Conditioning Regimen ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Increased Risk

6554 Background: With improvements in survival among refractory/relapsed Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) patients after high-dose chemo-radiotherapy and autologous hematopoietic-cell transplant (AHCT), it is important to evaluate risk of late complications in this heavily treated population. Methods: From 1985–1998, 218 refractory/relapsed HL patients were treated on high dose chemo-radiotherapy and AHCT salvage protocols. 153 (70%) surviving ≥2 years after AHCT were analyzed. All received either radiotherapy with initial therapy or total lymphoid irradiation and involved field boost with the conditioning regimen (43%). Information from surviving patients was obtained through a self-administered questionnaire. The NDI was queried to determine vital status and cause of death. Primary endpoint was non-HL mortality, defined as mortality due to cardiac causes, infection or second malignancy (SM). Competing risk methods were used to calculate cause-specific mortality rates and examine its predictors. All events were calculated from 2 years post-AHCT to date of death/last follow-up. Results: Median follow-up time was 11 years. There have been 51 deaths, 32 due to HL and 19 due to other causes. Eleven deaths were due to SM: AML (3), MDS (2), NHL (2), NSCLC (2), gastric and colon cancer. There were 8 non-SM deaths: cardiac toxicity (4), infection, aplastic anemia, suicide, unknown causes (1 each). The 10 and 15-year overall survival (OS) rates are 64% and 57%, respectively. The 10-year cumulative incidence of death from HL and from non-HL causes were 22% and 13.5% ( table ). By univariate analysis, increased risk of death due to SM was associated only with higher age at AHCT (p=0.02). Conclusions: While HL initially accounts for the majority of deaths among patients surviving high-dose therapy, the HL mortality rate plateaus and risk of death from non-HL mortality increases after 5 years. Yet, even at 15-years, SM risk does not exceed that observed in patients treated with standard regimens. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Transplant strategies in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 131 (15) ◽  
pp. 1689-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan L. Shah ◽  
Craig H. Moskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Remission Rate ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant

Abstract The majority of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are cured with initial therapy. However, high-dose therapy with autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (AHCT) allows for the cure of an additional portion of patients with relapsed or primary refractory disease. Positron emission tomography–negative complete remission before AHCT is critical for long-term disease control. Several salvage options are available with comparable response rates, and the choice can be dependent of comorbidities and logistics. Radiation therapy can also improve the remission rate and is an important therapeutic option for selected patients. Brentuximab vedotin (BV) maintenance after AHCT is beneficial in patients at high risk for relapse, especially those with more than 1 risk factor, but can have the possibility of significant side effects, primarily neuropathy. Newer agents with novel mechanisms of action are under investigation to improve response rates for patients with subsequent relapse, although are not curative alone. BV and the checkpoint inhibitors nivolumab and pembrolizumab are very effective with limited side effects and can bridge patients to curative allogeneic transplants (allo-HCT). Consideration for immune-mediated toxicities, timing of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant based on response, and the potential for increased graft-versus-host disease remain important. Overall, prospective investigations continue to improve outcomes and minimize toxicity for relapsed or primary refractory HL patients.

Amifostine Reduces High-Dose Melphalan Induced Gastro-Intestinal Toxicity in Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) for Plasma Cell Myeloma

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5491-5491
Author(s):  
Vinita Gupta ◽  
Hulya Armutlugoynuk ◽  
Anant Vatsayan ◽  
Paolo F. Caimi ◽  
Brenda Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Complete Response ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Gi Toxicity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
High Dose Melphalan ◽  
Severe Grade

Abstract Background: Autologous hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) is frequently used to treat plasma cell dyscrasias. High-dose melphalan is the most commonly utilized preparative regimen. Frequently seen non-hematologic adverse effects include oropharyngeal mucositis and GI toxicity. Reported incidence rate of overall and severe (grade 3-4) mucositis is 60-90% and 30-40%, respectively. Amifostine is a thiol derivative, which has been used for protection of normal tissues in radiation and chemotherapy. Amifostine has a relatively safe profile with hypotension, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea (N/V/D) as main side effects. We explored the efficacy of amifostine to reduce overall incidence and severity of mucositis after high-dose melphalan therapy. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of 126 autologous HCT (110 patients) with high-dose melphalan performed from January 2007 to July 2014 at our center for plasma cell myeloma. Twelve patients underwent tandem transplants and four had second autologous transplants after relapsed disease and were excluded from survival analysis. Patients' characteristics (n=110) as listed in Table 1. All but one patient received two doses of Amifostine given as 740 mg/m2 IV bolus on days T-2 and T-1. Melphalan was administered as IV bolus on T-1 at the dose of 200 mg/m2, except for 4 patients who received 140 mg/m2 due to impaired renal function. All patients received ice chips peri-melphalan infusion. All patients received cryopreserved autologous hematopoietic cell infusion on T-0. We graded mucositis and GI toxicities as per CTCAE v4.0 and recorded patient controlled analgesia (PCA), total parenteral nutrition (TPN), transplant and disease outcomes. Results: Severe (grade 3-4) mucositis and diarrhea rates were 14% and 12%, respectively (Table 2). PCA was used in 10% of transplants at a mean duration of 0.9 days and TPN was utilized in 5% of transplants for a mean duration of 0.45 days. Median length of stay for transplant was 15 days (range 3-44 days). Median time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 10 and 19 days, respectively (Table 3). Three patients died within 100 days after transplant (2 due to infections and 1 due to renal amyloidosis). At a median follow up of 39 months, median PFS is 25 months and OS is greater than six years. All patients were able to receive amifostine at prescribed doses except for one patient who received only one dose due to intractable N/V/D. Conclusion: Amifostine is effective in reducing high-dose melphalan-induced severe mucositis. Our data would suggest a decrease in severe mucositis and GI toxicity rates when compared to historically reported incidences. In addition, amifostine does not appear to have a deleterious effect on engraftment and/or survival and response rates (Table 3). Table 1. Patients characteristics Median Age (years) 59 (36-71) Gender (%) Male 54Female 46 Performance status (ECOG) 1 (0-2) Median time to transplant from diagnosis (years) 0.97 Median number of treatment regimens prior to transplant 2 (1-6) Response prior to transplant (%) Partial remission (PR)Very good partial remission (VGPR)Complete remission (CR)Stable disease (SD) 60%21%18%0.8% Table 2. Toxicity Overall (grade 1-4) Severe (grade 3-4) Median grade Median Duration (days) Mucositis 55% 14% 2 2 Diarrhea 92% 12% 2 7 Nausea 89% 4% 1 8 Vomiting 67% 3% 1 2 Table 3. Engraftment and post-HCT disease response Engraftment Median (days) Range (days) Neutrophils 10 6-21 Platelets 19 8-71 Post-HCT disease responses (%) Stringent complete response (sCR) 13% Complete response (CR) 32% Very good partial response (VGPR) 24% Partial response (PR) 25% Not evaluated 6% Disclosures Off Label Use: Amifostine use to prevent mucositis.

scholarly journals Detection and treatment of cerebral toxoplasmosis in an aplastic pediatric post-allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant patient: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Brewer ◽  
Margaret L. MacMillan ◽  
Mark R. Schleiss ◽  
Satja Issaranggoon Na Ayuthaya ◽  
Jo-Anne Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell ◽  
Cell Transplant ◽  
Cerebral Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Cell Free Dna ◽  
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplant ◽  
Free Dna ◽  
Invasive Method

Abstract Background Cerebral toxoplasmosis infection presents with non-specific neurologic symptoms in immunocompromised patients. With lack of measurable adaptive immune responses and reluctance to sample affected brain tissue, expedient diagnosis to guide directed treatment is often delayed. Case presentation We describe the use of cerebrospinal fluid polymerase chain reaction and plasma cell-free DNA technologies to supplement neuroimaging in the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis in an immunocompromised pediatric patient following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for idiopathic severe aplastic anemia. Successful cerebral toxoplasmosis treatment included antibiotic therapy for 1 year following restoration of cellular immunity with an allogeneic stem cell boost. Conclusions Plasma cell-free DNA technology provides a non-invasive method of rapid diagnosis, improving the likelihood of survival from often lethal opportunistic infection in a high risk, immunocompromised patient population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document