Recommended Maximum Laryngeal Prominence Size in Adult Females: A Cross-Sectional Study Proposing a Laryngeal Prominence Size Standard for Chondrolaryngoplasty in Male-to-Female Transgender Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna P. van Rossem ◽  
Brigitte A. Meijer ◽  
Rico N.P.M. Rinkel
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Size Standard ◽  
Male To Female

HIV Prevalence and Frequency of Risk Behavior in Injecting Drug Users Entering Treatment and Out of Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in Five Italian Cities

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Rezza ◽  
Stefania Salmaso ◽  
Damiano Abeni ◽  
Giovanna Brancato ◽  
Alessandra Anemona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Injecting Drug Users ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Outreach Programs ◽  
Male To Female

We conducted a study to describe current patterns of drug-related behaviors, and to identify characteristics that may distinguish injecting drug users entering treatment from those out of treatment, in five Italian cities. Overall, 1,180 subjects were recruited — 568 entering treatment and 612 out of treatment. Male to female ratio was 6.6:1. The median age was similar in the two groups. A high proportion of injecting drug users recruited out of treatment had been in treatment at least once. HIV prevalence among injecting drug users entering treatment was not higher than that of those who were out of treatment. Furthermore, a large proportion of injecting drug users who still were out of treatment reported having adopted safe behaviors. The results of the study emphasize the need to implement outreach programs aimed at harm reduction.

scholarly journals NORMAL PLANTAR FASCIA THICKNESS IN ADULT

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan ◽  
Pricilla Yani Gunawan ◽  
Jeffry Foraldy Haryanto ◽  
Veli Sungono
Keyword(s):  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Plantar Fascia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Heel Pain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Plantar fasciitis is a common problem caused by thickening of the plantar fascia. The normal plantar fascia thickness ranged between 2-3 mm and it was generally accepted that value more than 4mm was considered pathologic. Objective: to identify normal plantar fascia thickness in adults using ultrasonography. Methods: This is a cross sectional study measuring the thickness of plantar fascia in 145 subjects with no history of heel pain. Plantar fascia thickness was measured in both feet using an ultrasound. Age, height and weight were recorded and analysed. Results: As much as 145 subjects were included in this study. Male to female ratio was 0.7. Mean age was 44 and body mass index (BMI) was mostly within normal range. Plantar fascia thickness in male was 2.71 ± 0.48 mm in right foot, and 2.74 ± 0.47 mm in left foot. Fascia thickness in female was 2.55 ± 0.50 mm in right foot, and 2.57 ± 0.45 mm in left foot. There was a significant plantar fascia thickness difference between male and female (p = 0.035 in right foot, and p=0.04 in left foot). Age, weight and BMI had a significant correlation towards plantar fascia thickness. In multivariate analysis, age and BMI revealed to have a linear correlation to plantar fascia thickness Conclusion: Age and BMI were found to be the best predictive factor of plantar fascia thickness.

scholarly journals Prevalence of non communicable disease risk factors among male to female transgenders: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 727
Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Venkat Shenoy ◽  
P. Vaishnavi ◽  
Thulasi Rajan ◽  
Cowshik Eswaran ◽  
Sudharshini Subramaniam
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Non communicable diseases are responsible for a high proportion of deaths and disabilities. The major risk factors attributed to this are smoking, heavy alcohol drinking, inadequate fruit, and vegetable consumptions, and physical inactivity. While there are data available to understand the prevalence of non-communicable risk factors among men and women, there is no data among transgender community. Hence this study was conducted to assess the prevalence of NCD risk factors among the male-to-female transgender community.Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 54 transwomen who had been registered with two social welfare organizations for transgender community in Chennai. The risk factor was assessed using WHO STEPS instrument.Results: Among the transwomen, 16.7% were currently smoking tobacco, while 18.5% were using smokeless forms of tobacco. Alcohol consumption was observed in 44.4% of the population. 62.9% of them were not involved in any kind of exerting physical activity for recreation. 25.9% had undergone hormone supplementation for gender affirmation. Prevalence of obesity was 20.4% in the study population. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia was 11.1%, 5.6% and 7.4% respectively.Conclusions: High Prevalence of certain risk factors such as smokeless tobacco usage, alcohol consumption and hormone supplementation were seen among the male-to-female transgender community compared to the general population. Targeted interventions must be made so that specific attention is given to the transgender community in various NCD programs by the government. They must also be supported and accepted by every member of this society.

scholarly journals Cross-sectional study of quality of life impairment of adult female acne patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehiaghe L Anaba ◽  
Motunsope Olufolakemi Cole-Adeife
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Females

The effect of acne vulgaris on the quality of life of adult females is not readily documented nor the factors that impair quality of life in these adult females. The aim of this study was to document quality of life impairment and the factors that affect this quality of life in adult female acne patients. The study was a prospective cross sectional study of 56 adult female acne patients aged 25 years and above. Socio-demographic data, clinical examination were documented with a study proforma. Quality of life was assessed using Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI). Data was analysed using SPSS version 22. Mean of independent groups were compared using Students ‘t’ test while Chi squared test was used to compare categorical variables. For all statistical tests, P value <0.05 was adjudged to be significant. The mean age of the participants was 33.4± 8.2 and mean CADI was 6.6±3.8, minimum CADI was 2 and maximum was 15. Quality of life impairment was mild, moderate and severe in 35.7%, 37.5% and 26.8% respectively. The items affected in the CADI index were questions about “Perception of how bad pimples were,” “Feelings about appearance of skin,” and “Aggression, frustration and embarrassment.” Factors associated with quality of life impairment were age, post inflammatory hyperpigmentation, presence of scarring. Quality of life is impaired by acne in adult females. This impairment is made worse by age, presence of scarring and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and not marital status, level of education and a family history of acne.

scholarly journals Profile of Secondary Glaucoma in a Tertiary Eye Hospital of Eastern Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
Jamuna Gurung ◽  
Rakshya Pant Sitoula ◽  
Anjani Kumar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Optic Atrophy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Secondary Glaucoma ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Background: To determine the clinical profile and causes of various types of secondary glaucoma. Materials and methods : This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary eye hospital of eastern Nepal from 1st June to 30th November, 2017. Patients who met the criteria for secondary glaucoma underwent detailed ophthalmic examination. Results : Out of 7079 patients diagnosed with glaucoma or glaucoma suspects, 528 (7.4%) had secondary glaucoma. The mean age at presentation was 52 ± 17 years with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The most common cause was lens induced 173 (32.8%) followed by neovascular 107 (20.3%), steroid induced 86 (16.3%), traumatic 76 (14.4%), post-vitrectomy 17 (3.2%), uveitic 11 (2.1%), pseudophakic 10 (1.9%), aphakic 8 (1.5%), post-keratoplasty 5 (0.9%) and miscellaneous included 35 (6.6%). Post-traumatic 31 (29.5%) was more prevalent below 41 years while lens induced glaucoma 86 (49%) above 60 years of age. At presentation, the average IOP was 40 ± 11 mmHg. 36 (6.8%) had no light perception in the presenting eye and a large number of participants 307 (58.1%) presented with visual acuity of <3/60 to perception of light. Glaucomatous optic atrophy was found in 22 (9.0%) cases.  Conclusion : The causes of secondary glaucoma are diverse, lens induced glaucoma being most common. Most patients present late with poor vision, high IOP and even glaucomatous optic atrophy. So, early identification and treatment of the causes is important so that we can prevent the burden of blindness due to secondary glaucoma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document