scholarly journals Pubertal onset in children with perinatal HIV infection in the era of combination antiretroviral treatment

AIDS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1959-1970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paige L. Williams ◽  
Mark J. Abzug ◽  
Denise L. Jacobson ◽  
Jiajia Wang ◽  
Russell B. Van Dyke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Pubertal Onset ◽  
Perinatal Hiv

scholarly journals A child with perinatal HIV infection and long-term sustained virological control following antiretroviral treatment cessation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avy Violari ◽  
Mark F. Cotton ◽  
Louise Kuhn ◽  
Diana B. Schramm ◽  
Maria Paximadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Treatment Cessation ◽  
Perinatal Hiv

scholarly journals Insights from Clonal Expansion and HIV Persistence in Perinatal Infections

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adit Dhummakupt ◽  
Deborah Persaud
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Clonal Expansion ◽  
Hiv Persistence ◽  
Hiv Reservoir ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Latent Hiv

The latent HIV reservoir forms early in the course of infection and is maintained for life despite effective antiretroviral treatment (ART), including early treatment. Perinatal HIV infection presents a unique opportunity to limit seeding of the reservoir through early ART. However, a greater understanding of the persistence of the integrated proviruses is needed for targeting the residual proviruses that form barriers to cure. A study was performed by Bale and Katusiime et al. (M. J. Bale, M. G.

scholarly journals Metabolic syndrome, biochemical markers, and body composition in youth living with perinatal HIV infection on antiretroviral treatment

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. e0230707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Aurpibul ◽  
Sirianong Namwongprom ◽  
Tavitiya Sudjaritruk ◽  
Sakaewan Ounjaijean
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Perinatal Hiv

Benefits and Limits of Antiretroviral Drug Monitoring in Routine Practice

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Thomas Maitre ◽  
Patrice Muret ◽  
Mathieu Blot ◽  
Anne Waldner ◽  
Michel Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Therapeutic Range ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Hiv Viral Load ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
The University

Background: HIV infection is a chronic disease for which therapeutic adherence and tolerance require particular attention. Objective: This study aimed to assess whether and when therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) could be associated with a benefit in routine practice. Methods: All HIV-infected patients who underwent at least one TDM at the University Hospital of Dijon (France) between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2012 were retrospectively included. Compliance with the recommendations, the results (antiretroviral concentrations), any subsequent therapeutic modifications, and the virological results at 4-8 months were analysed each time TDM was performed. TDM was defined as “practically relevant” when low or high antiretroviral concentrations led to a change in therapy. Results: Of the 571 patients who followed-up, 43.4% underwent TDM. TDM complying with recommendations (120 patients) was associated with a higher proportion of antiretroviral concentrations outside the therapeutic range (p=0.03). Antiretroviral treatment was modified after TDM in 22.6% of patients. Protease inhibitors, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and raltegravir were more significantly modified when the measured concentration was outside the therapeutic range (p=0.008, p=0.05 and p=0.02, respectively). Overall, 11.7% of TDM was considered “practically relevant”, though there was no significant correlation between subsequent changes in antiretroviral treatment and undetectable final HIV viral load. Conclusions: TDM may be a useful tool in the management of HIV infection in specific situations, but the overall benefit seems moderate in routine practice. TDM cannot be systematic and/or a decision tool per se, but should be included in a comprehensive approach in certain clinical situations.

Impact of Delaying Antiretroviral Treatment during Primary HIV Infection on Telomere Length

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Raffenberg ◽  
Tanja Engel ◽  
Isabella C Schoepf ◽  
Neeltje A Kootstra ◽  
Peter Reiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Limited Effect ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Primary Hiv Infection ◽  
Hiv Seroconversion ◽  
Chronic Hiv Infection

Abstract Background Telomere length (TL) shortens during aging, HIV-seroconversion and untreated chronic HIV infection. It is unknown whether early antiretroviral therapy (ART) start is associated with less TL shortening during primary HIV infection (PHI). Methods We measured TL in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by quantitative PCR in participants of the Zurich PHI Study with samples available for >6 years. We obtained uni-/multivariable estimates from mixed-effects models and evaluated the association of delaying ART start or interrupting ART with baseline and longitudinal TL. Results In 105 participants with PHI (median age 36 years, 9% women), median ART delay was 25, 42, and 60 days, respectively, in the 1 st (shortest), 2 nd, and 3 rd (longest) ART delay tertile. First ART delay tertile was associated with longer baseline TL (p for trend=0.034), and longer TL over 6 years, but only with continuous ART (p<0.001), not if ART was interrupted >12 months (p=0.408). In multivariable analysis, participants in the 2 nd and 3 rd ART delay tertile had 17.6% (5.4-29.7%; p=0.004) and 21.5% (9.4-33.5%; p<0.001) shorter TL, after adjustment for age, with limited effect modification by clinical variables. Discussion In PHI, delaying ART start for even a matter of weeks was associated with significant and sustained TL shortening.

scholarly journals Multivariate approach for longitudinal analysis of brain metabolite levels from ages 5-11 years in children with perinatal HIV infection.

NeuroImage ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 118101
Author(s):  
Noëlle van Biljon ◽  
Frances Robertson ◽  
Martha Holmes ◽  
Mark F Cotton ◽  
Barbara Laughton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Approach ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Brain Metabolite

Evaluation of cardiovacular risk in patients with HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e222
Author(s):  
S. Vicente Rodrigues ◽  
D. Gudiño Aguirre ◽  
F. Martin Hernandez ◽  
A. Castellano Higuera ◽  
L. Perez Mendez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment

Perinatal Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 791-794
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Pediatric Hiv ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Perinatal Hiv ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

PERINATAL INFECTIONS The primary route of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in infants is vertical transmission from HIV-infected mothers. This is of particular concern as the number of infected women and the number of children infected by perinatal transmission continue to increase rapidly. The number of perinatally acquired acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases increased 17% in 1989 and 21% in 1990. Similarly, the number of heterosexually acquired AIDS cases increased 27% in 1989 and 40% in 1990. There is evidence that vertical transmission of HIV can occur in utero (congenital/transplacental, similar to rubella),1,2 in the postpartum period (breast-feeding), and perhaps in the intrapartum period (similar to hepatitis B).3 The relative frequency and efficiency of transmission during each of these periods remains uncertain. The best estimates of vertical transmission from an HIV-seropositive mother to the fetus range from 12.9% to 39%4-6 Although the risk of transmission appears to be increased in women who are symptomatic, this point is still unclear.5 Preliminary information suggests that the presence of high levels of high-affinity/avidity antibodies to specific epitopes of the gp 120 of HIV may be protective and may decrease or prevent vertical transmission,7-10 although others have not been able to confirm this finding.11 More detailed information on perinatal HIV infection,12 and infection control13 in pediatric HIV infection is available in previously published statements from the AAP Task Force on Pediatric AIDS. SEROPREVALENCE Anonymous seroprevalence data from newborn specimens are being collected in 44 states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia. In some states, seroprevalence data are available by metropolitan area and/or by hospital of birth.

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