scholarly journals John Edward Lennard-Jones, 1894-1954

1955 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 174-184 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Atoms And Molecules ◽  
Lennard Jones ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester

John Lennard-Jones was born on 27 October 1894 in Leigh, Lancashire and was educated at Leigh Grammar School, where he specialized in classics. In 1912 he entered Manchester University, changed his subject to mathematics in which he took an honours degree and then an M.Sc. under Professor Lamb, carrying out some research on the theory of sound. In 1915 he joined the Royal Flying Corps, obtained his Wings in 1917 and saw service in France; he also took part in some investigations on aerodynamics with Messrs Boulton and Paul and at the National Physical Laboratory. In 1919 he returned to the University of Manchester as lecturer in mathematics, took the degree of D.Sc. of that university and continued to work on vibrations in gases, becoming more and more interested in the gas-kinetic aspects of the subject as his paper of 1922 in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society shows. In 1922, on the advice of Professor Sydney Chapman, he applied for and was elected to a Senior 1851 Exhibition to enable him to work in Cambridge, where he became a research student at Trinity College and was awarded the degree of Ph.D. in 1924. At Cambridge under the influence of R. H. Fowler he became more and more interested in the forces between atoms and molecules and in the possibility of deducing them from the behaviour of gases.

scholarly journals Arthur Mannering Tyndall, 1881-1961

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private School ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
University College ◽  
The Subject ◽  
University Of Bristol ◽  
The University ◽  
The City ◽  
Outstanding Teacher

Arthur Mannering Tyndall was a man who played a leading part in the establishment of research and teaching in physics in one of the newer universities of this country. His whole career was spent in the University of Bristol, where he was Lecturer, Professor and for a while Acting ViceChancellor, and his part in guiding the development of Bristol from a small university college to a great university was clear to all who knew him. He presided over the building and development of the H. H. Wills Physical Laboratory, and his leadership brought it from its small beginnings to its subsequent achievements. His own work, for which he was elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society, was on the mobility of gaseous ions. Arthur Tyndall was born in Bristol on 18 September 1881. He was educated at a private school in Bristol where no science was taught, except a smattering of chemistry in the last two terms. Nonetheless he entered University College, obtaining the only scholarship offered annually by the City of Bristol for study in that college and intending to make his career in chemistry. However, when brought into contact with Professor Arthur Chattock, an outstanding teacher on the subject, he decided to switch to physics; he always expressed the warmest gratitude for the inspiration that he had received from him. He graduated with second class honours in the external London examination in 1903. In that year he was appointed Assistant Lecturer, was promoted to Lecturer in 1907, and became Lecturer in the University when the University College became a university in 1909. During this time he served under Professor A. P. Chattock, but Chattock retired in 1910 at the age of 50 and Tyndall became acting head of the department. Then, with the outbreak of war, he left the University to run an army radiological department in Hampshire.

scholarly journals Thomas Lydwell Eckersley, 1886-1959

1960 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Radio Waves ◽  
Thomas Henry Huxley ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
University College London ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Alternating Magnetic Fields

Thomas Lydwell Eckersley was born on 27 December 1886 in London. His mother was a daughter of Thomas Henry Huxley who was at one time President of the Royal Society. From the age of 2 1/2 to 6 Eckersley lived in Mexico where his father, who was a civil engineer, was engaged in building a railway. In his early life Eckersley was interested in engineering and in scientific devices and he had a desire to emulate his father and to build bridges. At the age of 11 he went to Bedales School where he came under the influence of an able teacher of mathematics who laid the foundations of his life-long interest in the subject. He left school at the early age of 15 and went to University College London, to read engineering, but he found he was not really as interested in the practical aspects of the work as he had at one time supposed, and he achieved only a Second Class degree. On leaving the University he went to the National Physical Laboratory where he found himself working under Albert Campbell on the behaviour of iron under the influence of alternating magnetic fields. Through this work he became interested in magnetic detectors for radio waves, and he did a good deal of experimenting with radio apparatus at his own house. His first paper was published, jointly with Campbell, on the effect of Pupin loading coils on waves travelling along transmission lines.

David William Dye, 1887 - 1932

1932 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Keyword(s):  
Private School ◽  
Technical College ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Engineering Student ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

Dr. David William Dye was born at Portsmouth on December 30, 1887, and by his death at Surbiton on February 18th, 1932, at the early age of 44 years, we have lost a brilliant investigator and an acknowledged authority on the subject of electrical precision measurement to which his working life was devoted. The third son of the late Charles Dye, J.P., of Portsmouth, he received his early instruction in that city, first at a private school and later at the Municipal Technical College. As an engineering student he worked at the City and Guilds Technical College and subsequently graduated in the University of London. After a short apprenticeship course with the British ThomsonHouston Company at Rugby he joined the stall of the National Physical Laboratory in 1910, where he at once found tasks which specially appealed to him. Under A. Campbell, who was then in charge of the Electrical Measurements Division, he assisted in the development of methods for the magnetic testing of iron and its alloys in various forms, the construction of standards of inductance and the measurements of currents of radio-frequency.

The Royal Society and Ireland—William Molyneux, F. R. S. (1656-1698)

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Trinity College Dublin ◽  
New Learning ◽  
The University ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Made In

The seventeenth century was not a period during which science can be said to have flourished in Ireland. Only in the last twenty years of the century did that country give any response to the New Learning, a learning which was, in England, no longer regarded as new, in the sense of revolutionary, and which was becoming accepted by the majority of thinking men. That there was any significant activity at all, in the field of science during these last two decades, was due, in the main, to William Molyneux. Molyneux was born in Dublin in 1656, of a distinguished and well-to-do family. He was sent to a Grammar school in that city, and in 1671 entered Trinity College, Dublin (1). After he had obtained his bachelor’s degree he was sent by his father to London to take up the study of law at the Middle Temple. His career at the university had been a successful one, and on going down he had been presented with a testimonial, ‘Drawn up in the strongest Terms & in an Uncommon Form, Signifying the high opinion they had conceived of his Genius, the Probity of his Manner & the Remarkable Progress he had made in letters’ (2). Molyneux spent three years in London, but, as he puts it, ‘my inclination to the Study of the law was not so strong as to make me master of the profession’ (3).

scholarly journals Obituary notices

1932 ◽  
Vol 110 (768) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Trinity College ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Practical Work ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The University ◽  
Mathematics And Science

Francis Darwin, the third son of Charles Darwin, was born at Down on August 16, 1848; he died at Cambridge on September 19, 1925. In his ‘Recollections' (one of the essays in “Spring-time and other Essays” (1920)) he says that he was christened at Malvern—“a fact in which I had a certain unaccountable pride. But now my only sensation is one of surprise at having been christened at all, and a wish that I had received some other name." When he was twelve years old he went to the Grammar School at Clapham kept by the Rev. Charles Pritchard, who became Savilian Professor of Astronomy at Oxford. This school was selected on account of its nearness to Down, and also because it “had the merit of giving more mathematics and science than could then be found in public schools.” He was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1866, where, in those more peaceful days, from his bedroom he heard the nightingales sing through the happy May nights. He described the teaching of biology at Cambridge as being “in a somewhat dead condition. Indeed, I hardly think it had advanced much from the state of things which existed in 1828, when my father entered Christ’s College. The want of organised practical work in Zoology was perhaps a blessing in disguise; for it led me to struggle with the subject by myself. I used to get snails and slugs and dissect their dead bodies, comparing my results with books hunted up in the University Library, and this was a real bit of education.” On one occasion “a thoughtful brother sent me a dead porpoise, which (to the best of my belief) I dissected, to the horror of the bedmaker, in my College rooms.” After obtaining a First Class in the Natural Sciences Tripos in 1870 he went to St. George’s Hospital and in due course took the Cambridge M. B. degree. In London he “had the luck to work in the laboratory of Dr. Klein,” who gave him “the first opportunity of seeing science in the making—of seeing research from the inside” and thus implanted in his mind the desire to work at science for its own sake. The chance of doing this, he says, came when his father took him as his assistant. He did not carry out his intention of becoming a practising physician: “happily for me the Fates willed otherwise.” He returned from London to the home at Down and for eight years acted as secretary and assistant to his father.

scholarly journals Ezer Griffiths, 1888-1962

1962 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Abraham Lincoln ◽  
High Ability ◽  
Intermediate School ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
The Family ◽  
Research Scholarship ◽  
The University

Ezer Griffiths was born on 28 November 1888 at Aberdare in Glamorgan. His father, Abraham Lincoln Griffiths, was a colliery mechanic, and he and his wife Ann had nine children, three daughters and six sons of whom Ezer was the eldest son. There was evidently high ability in the family, since in addition to his own distinguished career two of his brothers have also gained good academic positions, and have published books, and another became a rector of a parish. Ezer himself attributed his success in life to the good fortune that there was an excellent Intermediate School at Aberdare, since otherwise he would have gone directly from the elementary school into coal-mining. As it was, he went as a student to University College, Cardiff, and studied physics there. He got First Class Honours, and was awarded a Research Scholarship, and later a Fellowship of the University of Wales. Still later, he proceeded to the degree of D.Sc. in that University. To give his later career briefly, he researched at Cardiff until 1915 and he was then appointed to the National Physical Laboratory, Teddington. There he remained for the rest of his life. In 1926 he was elected into the Royal Society, and in 1950 he was awarded the O.B.E. He retired from the N.P.L. in 1953.

scholarly journals Alan Turing and Oxford

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
Computer Scientist ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Alan Turing ◽  
University Of Cambridge ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Archival Record ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Manchester

Did Alan Turing OBE FRS (23 June 1912 – 7 June 1954), the celebrated mathematician, codebreaker, and pioneer computer scientist, ever visit Oxford? He is well-known for his connections with the University of Cambridge, Bletchley Park, the National Physical Laboratory, and the University of Manchester, but there is no known written archival record of him ever visiting Oxford, despite it being the location of the University of Oxford, traditionally a rival of Cambridge. However, surely he must have done so.

“ Ten Years' Testing of Model Seaplanes ”

1923 ◽  
Vol 27 (149) ◽  
pp. 224-243
Author(s):  
G. S. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Work ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
General Meeting ◽  
National Physical Laboratory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Experimental Tank ◽  
Know How ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Physical Laboratory ◽  
Hull Design

An Ordinary General Meeting- of the Society was held at the Royal Society of Arts, on Thursday, February ist, 1923, Professor L. Bairstow in the chair.The Chairman, in opening- the proceedings, said that Mr. G. S. Baker, O.B.E., of the National Physical Laboratory, would deal with flying boats and seaplanes. He would deal with the hull and its design, that part of the seaplane which differentiates it from the aeroplane. That subject had been touched on very lightly by Major Rennie at the previous meeting of the Society, in view of the present paper by Mr. Baker.Mr. Baker had begun work in 1912 on the problems of hull design, at a time when nothing of a definite nature was known; a few individual experiments had been carried out, but there was no systematised knowledge at all at that time. From that state of ignorance a great deal of experimental work had now rescued us. He did not know how far Mr. Baker would stress the point, but it was quite clear, from the investigation of certain accidents to seacraft, that there were fundamental differences in the behaviour of seaplane hulls on the water, differences which had a great deal of effect on the risk of flying-. For instance, if one type of hull was such that when the plane rose in the air it stalled, then all the aerodynamical consequences of stalling- followed, and there was difficulty. On the other hand, it appeared that we had a type of flying- boat which did not make the plane stall on getting into the air, and consequently if it came back to the water it was still controlled. For this type of development, which he believed really dated back to the C.E.i, we were mainly indebted to Mr. Baker and his associates at the National Physical Laboratory, and to the generosity of Sir Alfred Yarrow in placing such a magnificent piece of apparatus as the experimental tank at the disposal of the nation.Mr. Baker then read his paper on “ Ten Years’ Testing of Model Seaplanes.”

scholarly journals David Gwynne Evans, 6 September 1909 - 13 June 1984

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 172-196
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Whooping Cough ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Third ◽  
North Wales ◽  
University Department ◽  
The University

David Gwynne Evans was born in Atherton, near Manchester, on 6 September 1909 of Welsh parents; his father, a schoolmaster, was from Pembrokeshire and his mother from Bangor, North Wales. He was the third of four children in a distinguished family. His older brother, Meredith Gwynne, became Professor of Physical Chemistry in Leeds and later in Manchester and was a Fellow of the Royal Society. His sister, Lynette Gwynne, took a degree in modern languages at Manchester University and taught in girls’ high schools. His younger brother, Alwyn Gwynne, after holding a lectureship in Manchester University was appointed to the Chair of Physical Chemistry in Cardiff University. David left Leigh Grammar School in 1928 at the age of 18 years and worked for two years in a junior capacity for the British Cotton Growers’ Association at the Manchester Cotton Exchange. However, when Alwyn went up to Manchester University in 1931, David decided to go with him and both graduated B.Sc. in physics and chemistry three years later and M .S c. after a further year. At this time Professor Maitland in the Department of Bacteriology wanted a chemist to help in the public health laboratory which was run by his department. Professor Lapworth recommended David for the post and thus David entered the field of bacteriology and immunology, to which he was to contribute so much. He was appointed Demonstrator and soon afterwards Assistant Lecturer in the University Department. During these early years he worked with Professor Maitland on the toxins of Haemophilus pertussis (now Bordetella pertussis ) and related organisms, work that provided a sound basis for his subsequent interest in whooping cough immunization and later for his abiding interest in vaccination against other diseases and in the standardization of vaccines and antisera.

John James Rickard Macleod, 1876-1935

1935 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-589
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Early Death ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
The University ◽  
University Of Leipzig ◽  
Regius Professor

John James Rickard Macleod, the son of the Rev. Robert Macleod, was born at Cluny, near Dunkeld, Perthshire, on September 6, 1876. He received his preliminary education at Aberdeen Grammar School and in 1893 entered Marischal College, University of Aberdeen, as a medical student. After a distinguished student career he graduated M.B., Ch.B. with Honours in 1898 and was awarded the Anderson Travelling Fellowship. He proceeded to Germany and worked for a year in the Physiological Institute of the University of Leipzig. He returned to London on his appointment as a Demonstrator of Physiology at the London Hospital Medical College under Professor Leonard Hill. Two years later he was appointed to the Lectureship on Biochemistry in the same college. In 1901 he was awarded the McKinnon Research Studentship of the Royal Society. At the early age of 27 (in 1902) he was appointed Professor of Physiology at the Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, a post he occupied until 1918, when he was elected Professor of Physiology at the University of Toronto. Previous to this transfer he had, during his last two years at Cleveland, been engaged in various war duties and incidentally had acted for part of the winter session of 1916 as Professor of Physiology at McGill University, Montreal. He remained at Toronto for ten years until, in 1928, he was appointed Regius Professor of Physiology in the University of Aberdeen, a post he held, in spite of steadily increasing disability, until his lamentably early death on March 16, 1935, at the age of 58.

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