The Svedberg, 1884-1971

1972 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 594-627 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grammar School ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Tesla Transformer ◽  
The Family ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Public Demonstrations ◽  
Deep Interest

The (Theodor) Svedberg, the only child of Elias Svedberg and Augusta Alstermark, was born on 30 August 1884, at Fleräng in the parish of Valbo near Gävle, Sweden. His father was manager at different ironworks in Sweden and Norway, and the family lived at various places in Scandinavia. From his father, who often took him on excursions, he inherited his love for nature and his deep interest in botany. He spent some years, 1900-1903, at the well-known grammar school in Örebro, Karolinska Läroverket, and had there two prominent and understanding teachers, K. Melander and E. Alderz, who allowed him to study by himself in the physical and chemical laboratories of the school in the afternoons after the ordinary lessons. He built a Marconi-transmitter and a Tesla-transformer and arranged some public demonstrations including wireless telegraphy between the two buildings of the school. Later this experience became useful in his first experiments to prepare colloids by oscillating discharges. He was thrilled by all the new discoveries and inventions in physics and chemistry. This made him finally decide to study chemistry and not biology, especially botany, although this subject also had his intense interest.

Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett, Baron Blackett, of Chelsea, 18 November 1897 - 13 July 1974

1975 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 1-115 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Church Of England ◽  
Large Family ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Career ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Future ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Indian Mutiny ◽  
The Church ◽  
Deep Interest

Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett was born in Kensington, London, on 18 November 1897. His father, Arthur Stuart Blackett, was a stockbroker, although apparently not by inclination since his great interests were in literature and nature. Patrick was the only boy but had an elder and younger sister; one trained and practised as an architect in the 1920s, until she married, and the other became an industrial psychologist and then a psychoanalyst. For the previous two generations the family had been associated with the Church of England. Patrick’s grandfather had been Vicar of the church in Woburn Square (now demolished), and was the Vicar of St Andrew’s, Croydon, at the time of his death. He had twice married and Arthur Stuart was one of a large family, two of whom went into the Church, whilst another became a missionary in India. Patrick’s great-grandfather came from Hamsterley in Co. Durham of a farming family. He moved to London and his children were baptised in St Saviour’s Church, Southwark (now Southwark Cathedral). The future career and interests of Patrick seem to have more association with his maternal descent. His mother, Caroline Frances Maynard, was the daughter of Major Charles Maynard, R.A., who served in India at the time of the Indian Mutiny. William Maynard, a brother of Charles, was also associated with India as a tea planter. The source of Patrick’s deep interest in Indian affairs has this association; so does his early naval career and his continued absorption in military affairs—in addition to the army career of his grandfather there was an earlier tradition of naval service in the Maynard family.

The only-child premium and moderation by social origin: Educational stratification in post-reform China

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-409
Author(s):  
Haowen Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Control Policy ◽  
Social Origin ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
The Family ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One ◽  
Birth Control Policy ◽  
Critical Grade

The One Child Policy initiated in the late 1970s created a birth cohort with an unusually high proportion of only children. This paper examines the relationship between being the only child in the family and educational attainment, as well as its potential variations by social origin. Drawing my sample from the China Family Panel Studies, I compare two birth cohorts born before and after the birth-control policy. Results show that in the younger cohort, being the only child in the family produces a premium in educational outcomes, including years of completed schooling and odds of progressing through critical grade transitions. In addition, I observe a pattern that the only-child premium tends to be larger for people with higher social origins in competitive grade transitions.

Leslie Crombie. 10 June 1923 — 3 August 1999

2001 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 125-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Pattenden
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Legal Practice ◽  
World War ◽  
Isle Of Wight ◽  
School Certificate ◽  
The Family ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The City ◽  
Three Sisters

Leslie Crombie was born in York on 10 June 1923, the second eldest, and only boy, of Walter Crombie and Gladys (née Clarkson). On his father's side his great-grandfather had kept a tobacconist shop in York and his grandfather, George, had founded a prosperous legal practice in the City of York. On his mother's side, Leslie's great–grandfather originated from London and settled in York after helping to build the York Railway Station. Leslie's father qualified as a solicitor and practised law in his grandfather George's office. However, he disliked the profession and, after his marriage and the death of his father, Walter passed over the practice to his brother Norman and took the lease of a hotel in the Isle of Wight. Unfortunately, the hotel did not prosper and was given up after a few years, and the family, which included Leslie's three sisters, Ivy, June and Molly, moved to Portsmouth. Although Leslie's father had a small allowance from his brother Norman and the legal practice in York, and he had various small intermittent incomes from teaching, the family was desperately poor during the 1930s. Leslie received little encouragement from his parents, but he passed the 11+ examination and entered Portsmouth Northern Grammar School in 1934, where he was awarded a very respectable School Certificate when he was 16 years old. However, it was now 1939 and World War II was about to start, and his school was evacuated to Winchester. With poor living conditions and little facilities for study, the young Leslie was determined to take a job and study part-time. He was appointed in 1940 as an assistant in the analytical laboratory of Timothy Whites and Taylor at their head office in Portsmouth under the supervision of Ron Gillham, who greatly influenced his further career; he was paid 13 shillings and 6 pence (in decimal terms, 67½pence) per week. In the evenings, Leslie studied at Portsmouth Municipal College for a London University Intermediate BSc. Alas, after a heavy bombing raid in January 1941, Timothy Whites and Taylor's laboratories were removed from the map, along with a great deal of the centre of Portsmouth—but fortunately not the MunicipalCollege.

William Kershaw Slater, 1893-1970

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 663-680
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Private School ◽  
Early Reading ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Only Child ◽  
Large Company ◽  
Cooperative Society ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Founder Member

William Kershaw Slater was born on 19 October 1893, the only child of James Slater (1859-1922) and Mary Ann Kershaw (1861-1924). His father belonged to the older generation of Lancashire cotton manufacturers who knew the industry from A to Z—a highly skilled technologist with great business ability who retired as managing director of a large company with directorships in several others. His mother, who came of a Yorkshire farming family, never lost her interest in, and love of, the land. His grandfather on his mother’s side was a man of many interests; he was a keen amateur botanist and a founder member of the second Cooperative Society to be formed in England, remaining a member of its Board for many years. As a child, Slater suffered rather severely from asthma and was at first unable to attend school. Eventually, at his doctor’s recommendation, he was sent to Bournemouth to live in the house of the proprietor of a small private school. The curriculum of this school was limited but unusual and included, along with English and arithmetic, astronomy, natural history and book-keeping. In the evening the schoolmaster’s family and resident pupils read for two or three hours; for the young Slater the reading began with boys’ stories and graduated to Dickens, Scott and the Victorian essayists. About the age of 14 his health improved quite markedly and he returned to live at his home in the small Lancashire town of Shaw. The boy was now sufficiently recovered to be able to attend Hulme Grammar School (Oldham). His uncle William Kershaw, Director of Education for Oldham, was one of the main influences in Slater’s early reading. He helped him to build up a small library of his own, mainly of the English classics in the Everyman’s edition.

I.—Some New British Carboniferous Cockroaches

1887 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Woodward
Keyword(s):  
Geological Time ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Early Appearance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anal Vein ◽  
Deep Interest

The early appearance in geological time of terrestrial Arthropods _L has always been to me a subject of deep interest, and I have been fortunate in noticing several of these in the pages of this Magazine and elsewhere. The oldest insect at present recorded is the impression of an Orthopterous wing referred to the family Blattidæ:, obtained from the Silurian sandstone of Jurques, Calvados, France, about the horizon of the May Hill Sandstone (Middle Silurian). M. Charles Brongniart, its discoverer, observes that what is especially remarkable about this fossil, and which distinguishes it from all other Cockroach-wings, living or fossil, is the length of the anal vein, and the narrowness of the axillary area.

scholarly journals Potential use of ash from sugarcane bagasse to produce passion fruit seedlings

2020 ◽  
pp. 408-414
Author(s):  
Henrique Guimarães de Favare ◽  
Sandra da Costa Preisigke ◽  
Leonarda Grillo Neves ◽  
Kelly Lana Araújo ◽  
Milson Evaldo Serafim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
The Family ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Potential Use

The production of good quality passion fruit seedlings depends on substrates with adequate physical and chemical characteristics. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of doses of ash from burning of sugarcane bagasse on improvement of traits of the substrate "gully soil". The experiment was set up in a greenhouse and arranged in randomized block design, in a 2x7x2 factorial scheme. The following factors and their respective levels were studied: (i) soil structure,- aggregating between 4 and 10 mm and <2 mm; (ii) ash doses - 0; 1.5; 3; 6; 12; 24; and 48 t ha-1; (iii) families of passion fruit - F29 and F48. The use of ash combined to the soil with structure <2mm significantly increased the production of shoot fresh mass and shoot dry mass for both families studied. The density of the substrate obtained by the mixture of ash and gully soil (soil) decreased as ash doses increased, regardless of the size of the aggregates and the family studied.

scholarly journals Sir Frank Ewart Smith, 31 May 1897 - 14 June 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 421-431
Keyword(s):  
Grammar School ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Sixth Form

Frank Ewart Smith was born on 31 May 1897 at Loughton in Essex, where his father was a pharmaceutical chemist and optician, but shortly afterwards the family moved to Hastings. He was educated privately until he went to Uckfield Grammar School in 1906. At twelve, he won an open scholarship to Christ’s Hospital and entered the ‘Classical Side’ because the ‘Modern Side’ did not sit for University Scholarships. He studied French, Latin and Greek in addition to chemistry and physics until he reached the sixth form when he became a ‘Science Grecian’. He always spoke very highly of the science masters who taught by the Heuristic System set up by Professor H.E. Armstrong, F.R.S., who was a Governor of the School. Pupils were trained to find out for themselves and Smith followed this philosophy throughout his life. In 1915 he won a scholarship in maths, physics and chemistry to Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, and left school in 1916 to join the Royal Horse Artillery as an officer cadet. When commissioned, he was transferred to a Heavy Battery of the Royal Garrison Artillery (horsedrawn ‘60 pounders’). He served at the battle of Messines and the third battle of Ypres, being Mentioned in Despatches. He then became the Assistant Adjutant of the 48th Brigade Royal Garrison Artillery until he went up to Cambridge in May 1919 to read for the Mechanical Science Tripos, gaining First Class Honours after only seven terms.

George Clarke Simpson, 1878-1965

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 156-175 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Sunday School ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
The Family ◽  
Happy Family ◽  
Retail Shop

George Clarke Simpson was born at Derby on 2 September 1878, the second son and third of the seven children, three sons and four daughters, of Arthur and Alice Lambton Simpson. Arthur, born at Derby on 25 May 1851 and educated at Derby Grammar School, was the son of a Derby shopkeeper —of a small retail shop—and, until his marriage, helped in his father’s shop. Alice was the daughter of a well-to-do wharfinger, Thomas William Clarke, of Sutton Bridge, Lincolnshire, whose business was ruined through the silting up of the port. She was born on 25 March 1853 and died on 22 December 1937. On marriage Arthur and Alice started a business of their own and slowly and laboriously built up a wholesale business, hardware, drapery and toys, one of the best in Derby at the end of the century. Arthur was an active church worker, a particularly successful teacher of young men in the Sunday School and, later in life, Councillor, Alderman and Mayor of Derby. He died on 27 June 1917. Arthur’s brother, George, was the father of David Capell Simpson, Oriel Professor of Interpretation of Holy Scripture, Oxford, 1925-1950. In the early years of their marriage Simpson’s parents lived over their warehouse in Bag Lane, later East Street, in the centre of Derby and there Simpson was born. About twelve years later his parents bought a house in a better locality where the family lived the typical life of the Victorian middle class. It was a happy family and, as the business continued to grow, there was never any real shortage of money; but there was no extravagance and certainly no waste.

Lewis Leigh Fermor, 1880-1954

1956 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 100-116
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Education ◽  
Royal College ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Cold Bath ◽  
The Family ◽  
Additional Reading ◽  
Brothers And Sisters

Lewis Leigh Fermor died on 24 May 1954, at his home in Horsell, Surrey. He was born on 18 September 1880, the eldest of six children of Lewis Fermor and his wife Maria James. His father, a bank clerk in the London Joint Stock Bank, was obliged to retire prematurely due to ill health, and as a result the education of the family was a major problem. The young Fermor was taught by his mother up to the age of seven but was sent to the Goodrich Road Board School when the family moved to Dulwich. During the first term his education cost 4d. per week but by the following term elementary education had become free, and from this time his parents had nothing more to pay towards the education of their eldest son. From this school, to which Fermor always paid high tribute for the excellence of the teaching, he obtained a scholarship to Wilson’s Grammar School, Camberwell, and here he was fortunate in having the late Sir Percy Nunn as science master. It was largely due to the encouragement given by Nunn and Sir Thomas Kirke Rose (a cousin of Fermor who was at that time Chemist and Assayer at the Mint) that Fermor decided to try for a National Scholarship to the Royal College of Science and thereby to enter the Royal School of Mines, and work for an Associateship in Metallurgy. The competition for these scholarships was severe, and Nunn warned him that he would have little chance of success unless he was prepared to undertake a special course of additional reading which would have to last two years. A scheme was drawn up whereby he was to rise at 5 o’clock each morning, take a cold bath, do two hours’ work before breakfast, work another two hours in the evening, and always be in bed by 9.30 p.m. In his later years in some autobiographical notes which he wrote for the interest and amusement of his wife, he mentions that there was no hardship in this. The hardship was in the summer, turning into bed whilst the brothers and sisters were still out in the garden. Fermor kept to this regime loyally and was rewarded for his perseverance by obtaining his scholarship and entering the Royal School of Mines in October 1898. Here he obtained a first class in each year’s course and won the Murchison Medal for Geology, a prize of books to the value of £15, and secured his Associateship of the Royal School of Mines in metallurgy.

scholarly journals Stanley Melbourne Bruce - Viscount Bruce of Melbourne, 1883-1967

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Grammar School ◽  
Preparatory School ◽  
The Public ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of

The public life of Stanley Melbourne Bruce, Prime Minister of Australia, a Viscount of the United Kingdom, a Fellow of the Royal Society, was one of the most paradoxical in the history of his native country. Bruce was born in Melbourne on 15 April 1883, of a well-to-do mercantile family. 1893 saw the collapse of a great land boom, the failure of some banks and an acute general depression. The family business, Paterson, Laing and Bruce, was in difficulties. Stanley Bruce’s father sold his mansion in the fashionable suburb of Toorak. Stanley himself had to leave his preparatory school—the fees were not available. His father, who appears to have been a singularly determined man, then proceeded to restore the fortunes of the business. In 1896 the young Stanley went to the well-known Melbourne Grammar School, where he was a most successful all-round student. It has been given to few boys at a great school to be not only captain of football, of cricket, of athletics, and of rowing, but also Senior Prefect (i.e. Captain) of the School.

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