Sir Joseph Banks, F. R. S. and the naming of the Kangaroo

JAMES COOK in H.M.B. Endeavour struck a reef off the coast of what is now North Queensland and managed to make a perilous way to the estuary of a river which he named the Endeavour River, the site of present-day Cooktown. Here the ship was careened, emptied and repaired, her complement of eighty-seven persons establishing a transient settlement for 48 days (18 June to 5 August 1770) ashore. Repairs took 14 days but it was 24 days later before the prevailing south-easterly winds and gales of the monsoonal season allowed the square-rigged bark to beat out to sea and proceed. During those 48 days of enforced leisure Joseph (later Sir Joseph) Banks and the other scientists associated with him, explored all aspects of the flora and fauna of this new land and wrote up their journals so that their descriptions of ‘New Holland’ are, in fact, largely descriptions of Queensland. (Of Cook’s eleven landings in Australia only one at Botany Bay was in the southern half of the Continent; the other ten were all in what are now Queensland or Queensland waters.)

The chief circumstance that induced Capt. Flinders to think his observations Upon the marine barometer were worthy of attention, was the coincidence that took place between the rising and falling of the mercury, and the setting in of winds that blew from the sea and from off the land, to which there seemed to be at least as much reference as to the strength of the wind or the state of the atmosphere. Our author’s examination of the coasts of New Holland and the other parts of the Terra Australis, began at Cape Leuwen, and con­tinued eastward along the south coast. His observations, which, on account of their length, we must pass over, show, that a change of wind from the northern half of the compass to any point in the southern half, caused the mercury to rise; and that a contrary change caused it to fall. Also, that the mercury stood considerably higher When the wind came from the south side of east and west, than when, in similar weather, it came from the north side.


1916 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Edgar Wesley Owen

Text from page 1: "The work used as a basis for this report was done during a part of the Summer of I9I5 in connection with a geologic investigation carried on by a party from the University of Missouri, in charge of Prof. W. A. Tarr. The work included the mapping of the areal geology of the southern half of the Breckenridge, Colorado, mining district and a study of the structural geology of the region. The different igneous intrusions were studied, both as to the character of their rocks and their relation to and effect on the other rocks of the area. A good deal of time was devoted to the study of the economic geology and to the physiography of the district, with special emphasis on the processes and principles involved in each case. The glacial deposits and the part the ice played in developing the physiography of the region were studied to a considerable extent."


Worldview ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Donald Brandon

The military utility of the limited Cambodian campaign should be clear to those capable of assessing the facts. It will help protect the withdrawal of American troops, and reduce the Communist capability to launch attacks in the southern half of South Vietnam. It will, in short, help the process of Vietnamization. On the other hand, the fate of the I.on Nol regime in Pnompenh remains in doubt. Should South Vietnam, and perhaps other countries in Southeast Asia, help the new Cambodian government after American withdrawal, it could withstand the efforts of Sihanouk. Hanoi et. al. The venture gained time at least to shore up the Lon Nol regime, while not assuring its survival. Nixon's expressed hope that the venture might prod Hanoi into serious negotiations can be dismissed in the light of North Vietnamese patience and determination.


1961 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-360
Author(s):  
Donald W. Hensel

Religion has been a potent social force throughout American history. The reverberations of the Protestant Revolt and the Catholic Reformation have been experienced many times in many American communities since the 17th century, in varying degrees of intensity. Colorado, in the last quarter of the 19th century, was typical of this tradition. Colorado had been part of a vast Spanish domain and, therefore, many of its citizens, particularly in the southern half, were both Spanish-speaking and Catholic in faith. On the other hand, a preponderance of the adventurers and fortune-hunters who came after the gold discoveries of 1858 and 1859 and who tended to settle around and north of Denver, were Protestants. This, then, was the religious setting as convention delegates met in Denver in the winter of 1875-1876 to write a constitution for the state.


1996 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 493-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. L. Gilbert ◽  
O. W. Purvis

AbstractOver the last century, the distribution of Teloschistes flavicans has contracted from being widespread in the southern half of England and Wales to being limited to South-West England with outlying populations in Pembrokeshire and North Wales. Twelve core sites have been identified where the species is well established: ten of these are saxicolous/terricolous habitats on windy coastal cliff tops; the other two are lines of sycamore trees near the coast. At 39 further localities, some inland, the species is in very small amounts (often on one tree) and vulnerable to extinction. It is normally a member of the Parmelietum revolutae or Ramalinetum scopularis associations. The conservation of the species is discussed.


2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Williamson

An extension to the accommodation of the Spa Resort at Auchrannie, Brodick, required the excavation of the remaining elements of a roundhouse and souterrain which had been partially excavated prior to the construction of the Spa Resort itself. These follow-up excavations revealed that the retained southern half of the roundhouse had been badly truncated through agricultural land use, while the souterrain passages remained largely intact, revealing evidence for timber- and stone-lined sections, and a group of overlapping pits and shallow passages at one end. While one of the passages appeared to have been infilled during, or not long after, the 2nd century AD, the other was not backfilled until the medieval period, possibly being left open as a void until this time. Other dates also pointed to continued reuse of portions of the site on a much smaller scale throughout later periods.


1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Stearn

Stromatoporoids are the principal framebuilding organisms in the patch reef that is part of the reservoir of the Normandville field. The reef is 10 m thick and 1.5 km2in area and demonstrates that stromatoporoids retained their ability to build reefal edifices into Famennian time despite the biotic crisis at the close of Frasnian time. The fauna is dominated by labechiids but includes three non-labechiid species. The most abundant species isStylostroma sinense(Dong) butLabechia palliseriStearn is also common. Both these species are highly variable and are described in terms of multiple phases that occur in a single skeleton. The other species described areClathrostromacf.C. jukkenseYavorsky,Gerronostromasp. (a columnar species), andStromatoporasp. The fauna belongs in Famennian/Strunian assemblage 2 as defined by Stearn et al. (1988).


1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 207-244
Author(s):  
R. P. Kraft

(Ed. note:Encouraged by the success of the more informal approach in Christy's presentation, we tried an even more extreme experiment in this session, I-D. In essence, Kraft held the floor continuously all morning, and for the hour and a half afternoon session, serving as a combined Summary-Introductory speaker and a marathon-moderator of a running discussion on the line spectrum of cepheids. There was almost continuous interruption of his presentation; and most points raised from the floor were followed through in detail, no matter how digressive to the main presentation. This approach turned out to be much too extreme. It is wearing on the speaker, and the other members of the symposium feel more like an audience and less like participants in a dissective discussion. Because Kraft presented a compendious collection of empirical information, and, based on it, an exceedingly novel series of suggestions on the cepheid problem, these defects were probably aggravated by the first and alleviated by the second. I am much indebted to Kraft for working with me on a preliminary editing, to try to delete the side-excursions and to retain coherence about the main points. As usual, however, all responsibility for defects in final editing is wholly my own.)


1967 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 177-206
Author(s):  
J. B. Oke ◽  
C. A. Whitney

Pecker:The topic to be considered today is the continuous spectrum of certain stars, whose variability we attribute to a pulsation of some part of their structure. Obviously, this continuous spectrum provides a test of the pulsation theory to the extent that the continuum is completely and accurately observed and that we can analyse it to infer the structure of the star producing it. The continuum is one of the two possible spectral observations; the other is the line spectrum. It is obvious that from studies of the continuum alone, we obtain no direct information on the velocity fields in the star. We obtain information only on the thermodynamic structure of the photospheric layers of these stars–the photospheric layers being defined as those from which the observed continuum directly arises. So the problems arising in a study of the continuum are of two general kinds: completeness of observation, and adequacy of diagnostic interpretation. I will make a few comments on these, then turn the meeting over to Oke and Whitney.


1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 337
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska

A new 24-inch/36-inch//3 Schmidt telescope, made by C. Zeiss, Jena, has been installed since 30 August 1962, at the N. Copernicus University Observatory in Toruń. It is equipped with two objective prisms, used separately, one of crown the other of flint glass, each of 5° refracting angle, giving dispersions of 560Å/mm and 250Å/ mm respectively.


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