Book reviews: R. Hanbury Brown, Boffin: a personal story of the early days of radar, radio astronomy and quantum optics

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-334
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Optics ◽  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Cross Correlation ◽  
Philosophical Magazine ◽  
Personal Story ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Fourier Transform

R. Hanbury Brown, Boffin: a personal story of the early days of radar, radio astronomy and quantum optics . Bristol: Adam Hilger, 1991, £17.50. ISBN 0-750-30130-9 It is doubtful if many scientists noticed the last paragraph of a mathematical paper published in 1954 by R. Hanbury Brown and R.Q. Twiss in the Philosophical Magazine . In this paper they gave the theory of a new type of interferometer for the measurement of the angular diameter of sources of radio emission. Unlike the Michelson type of optical interferometer extended to radio wavelengths, which depended on the combination of the signals from the two aerials before detection so that the relative phases were preserved, this new instrument was based upon the correlation between the rectified outputs of two independent receivers at each end of the baseline. Information about the relative phases was lost but in their Philosophical Magazine paper the authors showed that the cross correlation coefficient between the rectified outputs would be proportional to the square of the amplitude of the Fourier transform of the intensity distribution across the source.

Editorial Note - Vol. 15., No. 2, 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Lemnitzer
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Discussion Forum ◽  
Editorial Note ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Technical Content ◽  
New Type

Welcome to Issue 2 of DFI’s Journal Vol. 15. We are happy to introduce six publications which span a wide mix of manuscript types and technical content. While most published papers in the DFI Journal have historically been research papers and technical case histories, this issue introduces a forum paper and a book review in addition to valuable research publications. Forum papers, a new type of paper to the DFI Journal, encompass a much shorter manuscript style, and can include commentaries, opinions, research highlights (e.g., of work currently underway), and responses to previously published papers. Forum papers do not require a response from the author if they discuss another author’s manuscript. However, should the forum paper be closer to a discussion, and should the author of the discussed manuscript desire to provide a response, the submission will be converted into a formal “discussion.” Forum papers and book reviews first undergo a review within the editorial board, and are only subject to external peer review if the content is found to be technically controversial and/or should the area of expertise discussed in the manuscript lie outside the capacities of the editorial board. Hence the Forum Paper is a unique outlet with much technical and editorial flexibility and will, along with the newly introduced book review, enrich the palette of products offered by the DFI Journal.

Effects of cultivation, washing, and bleaching conditions on bacterial cellulose fabric production

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1094-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyeon Han ◽  
Euijin Shim ◽  
Hye Rim Kim
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Cellulose ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Cellulose I ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Bleaching Step ◽  
Fabric Production

This study aims to compare different conditions in the three-step (cultivation, washing, and bleaching) production of white bacterial cellulose (BC) fabric to introduce it as a new type of fabric in the textile industry. The BC fabric was evaluated on the basis of its surface morphology and chemical structure. The “production BC” after the cultivation step was cultured using glucose as the carbon source in the Hestrin–Schramm (HS) medium. It was produced with the highest production yield (33.2 ± 6.85%), the highest thickness (0.35 ± 0.09 mm), and the flattest surface (211 nm). The bacteria remaining on “washed BC” after the washing step were washed out using 3% NaOH solution, and the nanoscale network structure maintained its integrity after washing. The white BC fabric after the bleaching step was bleached using 5% H2O2 solution. The white BC fabric with the highest white index (73.15 ± 1.09%) without a natural yellowish-brown color was produced. In the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra of the white BC fabric, the peaks of proteins and amino acids derived from the bacteria disappeared, while the cellulose I crystal structure was maintained. Also, X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystallinity of the white BC fabric increased compared to that of the control sample, and the highest crystallinity of 80.6% was obtained.

Simultaneous GC-FT-IR/GC-MS Analysis for Isomer-Specific Identification and Quantitation of Complex Mixture Components

1992 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Smyrl ◽  
D. M. Hembree ◽  
W. E. Davis ◽  
D. M. Williams ◽  
J. C. Vance
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Capillary Column ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Conventional Manner

The construction and capabilities of a new instrument combining infrared and mass spectrometry to simultaneously examine the effluent from a single capillary column gas chromatographic injection are described. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) is performed in the conventional manner. However, the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) portion of the instrument employs a new sampling method involving low-temperature trapping of the effluent from the gas chromatograph. The mass spectrometer was over two orders of magnitude more sensitive (161 fg detection limit for naphthalene) than the infrared (40 pg). The qualitative capabilities of infrared spectrometry, particularly when isomerspecific identifications are necessary, are shown to be highly complementary to the usual GC-MS method for analyzing complex mixtures

scholarly journals A High-resolution Aerial System of a New Type

1953 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
BY Mills ◽  
AG Little
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Radio Astronomy ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
New Type ◽  
Small Scale Model

A method of constructing an aerial system of high resolution but small area and low cost is described. Its application to the production of narrow pencil beams at metre wavelengths for investigations in radio astronomy is discussed. A small-scale model has been constructed to test the principle.

Shock Spectrum Ratios Applied to the Comparison of Pulse Signatures

1980 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-76
Author(s):  
J. R. Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Emission ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Relative Damage ◽  
New Type ◽  
Ratio Approach ◽  
Spectrum Ratio ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Two extensions of the shock spectrum technique are developed for use in pulse signature analysis. A shock spectrum ratio is proposed and compared to the Fourier transfer function for the detection of small perturbations on a larger pulse shape. The shock spectrum ratio is shown to have good sensitivity to the relative size of the perturbation. The shock spectrum ratio approach is extended to a new type of spectrum named “slot transform.” This specialized transform is shown to have several advantages with respect to the Fourier transform in the development of magnitude transfer functions. The transform was developed for analysis of digitized acoustic emission pulses where a rectangular time window is preferred. These two extensions of shock spectrum methods are tested on experimental data from high g shock tests and acoustic emission measurements from damaged and undamaged ball bearings. Deconvolution of the acoustic emission data was necessary before the shork spectrum, ratio was capable of indicating the relative damage of the bearings.

Parameter Evaluation and Application Demonstration of a New Type of Blood Vacuum Tube Cap Opening and Closing Machine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong PU ◽  
Meicen PU ◽  
Qingsong XIN ◽  
Feng CHEN
Keyword(s):  
Closing Time ◽  
Vacuum Tube ◽  
Manual Operation ◽  
Parameter Evaluation ◽  
New Instrument ◽  
Basic Parameters ◽  
New Type ◽  
Operation Group ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Opening And Closing

Background: We aimed to evaluate the basic performance and basic parameters of a new type of blood vacuum tube cap opening and closing machine for further application. Methods: From July 2013 to March 2018, 110, 000 cases involved in the clinical trials in Third People's Hospital of Dongguan City were selected as the instrument group, and 10,000 cases were selected as the manual operation group. The application demonstration and instrument performance assessment were performed by five units. Unified evaluation indicatory system and the standard of assessment were set up. The instrument assessments and demonstration tests were carried out by these 5 units. Finally, the basic parameters of the instrument were analyzed and compared. Results: The new instrument had excellent performance, and thirty parameters were excellent. Five patents had been granted already. There were no differences between the instrument groups in different units, and among different units. However, there were some differences in the manual operation group between different units. The average cap opening time was 21 "04 in the instrument group, and 152" 48 in the manual operation group (P<0.05); the cap closing time was 18 "56 in the instrument group, and 104"24 in the manual operation group (P<0.05). The instrument group outperformed the manual operation group in cap closing time, pollution rate, spill rate and failure rate (P<0.01). The design of the instrument was original. Conclusion: This blood vacuum tube cap opening and closing machine can perform a wide variety of functions, and it is stable, intelligent and superior to manual operation. More efforts need to be made for the industrialization of this instrument.

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