scholarly journals Prefrontal brain stimulation during food-related inhibition training: effects on food craving, food consumption and inhibitory control

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 181186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jemma Sedgmond ◽  
Natalia S. Lawrence ◽  
Frederick Verbruggen ◽  
Sinead Morrison ◽  
Christopher D. Chambers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Food Craving ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Predominantly Female ◽  
Inhibition Training ◽  
Healthy Participants

Modulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activity using non-invasive brain stimulation has been shown to reduce food craving as well as food consumption. Using a preregistered design, we examined whether bilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the DLPFC could reduce food craving and consumption in healthy participants when administered alongside the cognitive target of inhibitory control training. Participants ( N = 172) received either active or sham tDCS (2 mA; anode F4, cathode F3) while completing a food-related Go/No-Go task. State food craving, ad-lib food consumption and response inhibition were evaluated. Compared with sham stimulation, we found no evidence for an effect of active tDCS on any of these outcome measures in a predominantly female sample. Our findings raise doubts about the effectiveness of single-session tDCS on food craving and consumption. Consideration of individual differences, improvements in tDCS protocols and multi-session testing are discussed.

scholarly journals Head models of healthy and depressed adults for simulating the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nya Mehnwolo Boayue ◽  
Gábor Csifcsák ◽  
Oula Puonti ◽  
Axel Thielscher ◽  
Matthias Mittner
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal

During the past decade, it became clear that the effects of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are substantially influenced by variations in individual head and brain anatomy. In addition to structural variations in the healthy, several psychiatric disorders are characterized by anatomical alterations that are likely to further constrain the intracerebral effects of NIBS. Here, we present high-resolution realistic head models derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging data of 19 healthy adults and 19 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). By using a freely available software package for modelling the effects of different NIBS protocols, we show that our head models are well-suited for assessing inter-individual and between-group variability in the magnitude and focality of tDCS-induced electric fields for two protocols targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

scholarly journals Transcranial Brain Stimulation Techniques For Major Depression: Should We Extend TMS Lessons to tDCS?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Dell’Osso ◽  
A. Carlo Altamura
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Cortical Excitability ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Patient’S History

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) are non-invasive brain stimulation techniques that, by means of magnetic fields and low intensity electrical current, respectively, aim to interefere with and modulate cortical excitability, at the level of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, in patients with major depression and poor response to standard antidepressants. While the clinical efficacy of TMS in major depression has been extensively investigated over the last 10 years, tDCS has attracted research interest only in the last years, with fewer randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in the field. Nevertheless, in spite of the different rationale and mechanism of action of the two techniques, tDCS recent acquisitions, in relation to the treatment of major depression, seem to parallel those previously obtained with TMS, in terms of treatment duration to achieve optimal benefit and patient's history of drug-resistance. After briefly introducing the two techniques, the article examines possible common pathways of clinical use for TMS and tDCS, emerging from recent RCTs and likely orienting future investigation with non invasive brain stimulation for the treatment of major depression.

scholarly journals Does non-invasive brain stimulation modulate emotional stress reactivity?

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenne M Smits ◽  
Dennis J L G Schutter ◽  
Jack van Honk ◽  
Elbert Geuze
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Stress ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Single Session ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Excessive emotional responses to stressful events can detrimentally affect psychological functioning and mental health. Recent studies have provided evidence that non-invasive brain stimulation (NBS) targeting the prefrontal cortex (PFC) can affect the regulation of stress-related emotional responses. However, the reliability and effect sizes have not been systematically analyzed. In the present study, we reviewed and meta-analyzed the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the PFC on acute emotional stress reactivity in healthy individuals. Forty sham-controlled single-session rTMS and tDCS studies were included. Separate random effects models were performed to estimate the mean effect sizes of emotional reactivity. Twelve rTMS studies together showed no evidence that rTMS over the PFC influenced emotional reactivity. Twenty-six anodal tDCS studies yielded a weak beneficial effect on stress-related emotional reactivity (Hedges’ g = −0.16, CI95% = [−0.33, 0.00]). These findings suggest that a single session of NBS is insufficient to induce reliable, clinically significant effects but also provide preliminary evidence that specific NBS methods can affect emotional reactivity. This may motivate further research into augmenting the efficacy of NBS protocols on stress-related processes.

scholarly journals Head models of healthy and depressed adults for simulating the electric fields of non-invasive electric brain stimulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nya Mehnwolo Boayue ◽  
Gábor Csifcsák ◽  
Oula Puonti ◽  
Axel Thielscher ◽  
Matthias Mittner
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Electric Brain Stimulation

During the past decade, it became clear that the electric field elicited by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are substantially influenced by variations in individual head and brain anatomy. In addition to structural variations in the healthy, several psychiatric disorders are characterized by anatomical alterations that are likely to further constrain the intracerebral effects of NIBS. Here, we present high-resolution realistic head models derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging data of 19 healthy adults and 19 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). By using a freely available software package for modelling the electric fields induced by different NIBS protocols, we show that our head models are well-suited for assessing inter-individual and between-group variability in the magnitude and focality of tDCS-induced electric fields for two protocols targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of visual aesthetic appreciation: insights from non-invasive brain stimulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 238 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zaira Cattaneo
Keyword(s):  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Aesthetic Appreciation ◽  
Lateral Occipital Complex ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Extrastriate Body Area ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Cortical Regions

AbstractDuring the last decade, non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have been increasingly employed in the field of neuroaesthetics research to shed light on the possible causal role of different brain regions contributing to aesthetic appreciation. Here, I review studies that have employed transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to investigate neurocognitive mechanisms mediating visual aesthetic appreciation for different stimuli categories (faces, bodies, paintings). The review first considers studies that have assessed the possible causal contribution of cortical regions in mediating aesthetic appreciation along the visual ventral and dorsal pathways (i.e., the extrastriate body area, the motion-sensitive region V5/MT+ , the lateral occipital complex and the posterior parietal cortex). It then considers TMS and tDCS studies that have targeted premotor and motor regions, as well as other areas involved in body and facial expression processing (such as the superior temporal sulcus and the somatosensory cortex) to assess their role in aesthetic evaluation. Finally, it discusses studies that have targeted medial and dorsolateral prefrontal regions leading to significant changes in aesthetic appreciation for both biological stimuli (faces and bodies) and artworks. Possible mechanisms mediating stimulation effects on aesthetic judgments are discussed. A final section considers both methodological limitations of the reviewed studies (including levels of statistical power and the need for further replication) and the future potential for non-invasive brain stimulation to significantly contribute to the understanding of the neural bases of visual aesthetic experiences.

scholarly journals Seeing the World as it is: Mimicking Veridical Motion Perception in Schizophrenia Using Non-invasive Brain Stimulation in Healthy Participants

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 827-837
Author(s):  
Gorana Pobric ◽  
Johan Hulleman ◽  
Michal Lavidor ◽  
Gail Silipo ◽  
Stephanie Rohrig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Perception ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The World ◽  
Healthy Participants

scholarly journals Head models of healthy and depressed adults for simulating the electric fields of non-invasive electric brain stimulation

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nya Mehnwolo Boayue ◽  
Gábor Csifcsák ◽  
Oula Puonti ◽  
Axel Thielscher ◽  
Matthias Mittner
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Anatomy ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Electric Brain Stimulation

During the past decade, it became clear that the electric field elicited by non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are substantially influenced by variations in individual head and brain anatomy. In addition to structural variations in the healthy, several psychiatric disorders are characterized by anatomical alterations that are likely to further constrain the intracerebral effects of NIBS. Here, we present high-resolution realistic head models derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging data of 19 healthy adults and 19 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). By using a freely available software package for modelling the electric fields induced by different NIBS protocols, we show that our head models are well-suited for assessing inter-individual and between-group variability in the magnitude and focality of tDCS-induced electric fields for two protocols targeting the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

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