scholarly journals Simulation of pandemics in real cities: enhanced and accurate digital laboratories

2021 ◽  
Vol 477 (2245) ◽  
pp. 20200653
Author(s):  
A. Alexiadis ◽  
A. Albano ◽  
A. Rahmat ◽  
M. Yildiz ◽  
A. Kefal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Time Resolution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Adjustable Parameter ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Statistical Features ◽  
Modelling Framework ◽  
Virtual Laboratories ◽  
Real Population ◽  
Performance Computing

This study develops a modelling framework for simulating the spread of infectious diseases within real cities. Digital copies of Birmingham (UK) and Bogotá (Colombia) are generated, reproducing their urban environment, infrastructure and population. The digital inhabitants have the same statistical features of the real population. Their motion is a combination of predictable trips (commute to work, school, etc.) and random walks (shopping, leisure, etc.). Millions of individuals, their encounters and the spread of the disease are simulated by means of high-performance computing and massively parallel algorithms for several months and a time resolution of 1 minute. Simulations accurately reproduce the COVID-19 data for Birmingham and Bogotá both before and during the lockdown. The model has only one adjustable parameter calculable in the early stages of the pandemic. Policymakers can use our digital cities as virtual laboratories for testing, predicting and comparing the effects of policies aimed at containing epidemics.

Comparing High-Performance Computing Techniques for Modeling Structural Impact on Battery Cells

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Gilaki ◽  
Ilya Avdeev
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Parallel Processing ◽  
High Performance Computing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Structural Impact ◽  
Performance Computing ◽  
Battery Cells

In this study, we have investigated feasibility of using commercial explicit finite element code LS-DYNA on massively parallel super-computing cluster for accurate modeling of structural impact on battery cells. Physical and numerical lateral impact tests have been conducted on cylindrical cells using a flat rigid drop cart in a custom-built drop test apparatus. The main component of cylindrical cell, jellyroll, is a layered spiral structure which consists of thin layers of electrodes and separator. Two numerical approaches were considered: (1) homogenized model of the cell and (2) heterogeneous (full) 3-D cell model. In the first approach, the jellyroll was considered as a homogeneous material with an effective stress-strain curve obtained through experiments. In the second model, individual layers of anode, cathode and separator were accounted for in the model, leading to extremely complex and computationally expensive finite element model. To overcome limitations of desktop computers, high-performance computing (HPC) techniques on a HPC cluster were needed in order to get the results of transient simulations in a reasonable solution time. We have compared two HPC methods used for this model is shared memory parallel processing (SMP) and massively parallel processing (MPP). Both the homogeneous and the heterogeneous models were considered for parallel simulations utilizing different number of computational nodes and cores and the performance of these models was compared. This work brings us one step closer to accurate modeling of structural impact on the entire battery pack that consists of thousands of cells.

Benchmarking of a Massively Parallel Hybrid CFD Solver for Ocean Applications

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew G. Gerber ◽  
Kevin W. Wilcox ◽  
Jian T. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Computer Architectures ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Code Design ◽  
Parallel Hybrid ◽  
Computing Industry ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Performance Gains ◽  
Performance Computing ◽  
Validation Testing

This paper presents progress on the development of a CFD program called EXN/Aero specifically designed to exploit performance gains from new hybrid multicore-manycore computer architectures. The hybrid multicore-manycore design is outlined along with performance and validation testing on an underwater vehicle and unsteady vortex shedding applications. It is shown that by revisiting CFD code design with a view to a number of important trends in the high performance computing industry, significant order of magnitude gains in computational power can be achieved.

Hardware Trends and Implications for Programming Models

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Gabriele Jost ◽  
Alice E. Koniges
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Computing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Programming Models ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Hardware Designs ◽  
Performance Computing

The upcoming years bring new challenges in high-performance computing (HPC) technology. Fundamental changes in the building blocks of HPC hardware are forcing corresponding changes in programming models to effectively use these new architectures. The changes in store for HPC will rival the vector to massively parallel transition that scientific and engineering codes and methodologies endured several years ago. We describe some of the upcoming trends in hardware designs, and suggest ways in which software and programming models will advance accordingly.

scholarly journals A new massively parallel version of CRYSTAL for large systems on high performance computing architectures

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (28) ◽  
pp. 2276-2284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Orlando ◽  
Massimo Delle Piane ◽  
Ian J. Bush ◽  
Piero Ugliengo ◽  
Matteo Ferrabone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Computing ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Massively Parallel ◽  
Parallel Version ◽  
Large Systems ◽  
Performance Computing
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