scholarly journals Deep–diving behaviour of the northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus (Cetacea: Ziphiidae)

1999 ◽  
Vol 266 (1420) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha K. Hooker ◽  
Robin W. Baird
Keyword(s):  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
Hyperoodon Ampullatus

scholarly journals Diving behaviour of Cuvier's beaked whales ( Ziphius cavirostris ) off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne M. Shearer ◽  
Nicola J. Quick ◽  
William R. Cioffi ◽  
Robin W. Baird ◽  
Daniel L. Webster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Median Duration ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Dive Depth ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Extended Surface ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Behaviour Data

Cuvier's beaked whales exhibit exceptionally long and deep foraging dives. The species is little studied due to their deep-water, offshore distribution and limited time spent at the surface. We used LIMPET satellite tags to study the diving behaviour of Cuvier's beaked whales off Cape Hatteras, North Carolina from 2014 to 2016. We deployed 11 tags, recording 3242 h of behaviour data, encompassing 5926 dives. Dive types were highly bimodal; deep dives (greater than 800 m, n = 1408) had a median depth of 1456 m and median duration of 58.9 min; shallow dives (50–800 m, n = 4518) were to median depths of 280 m with a median duration of 18.7 min. Most surface intervals were very short (median 2.2 min), but all animals occasionally performed extended surface intervals. We found no diel differences in dive depth or the percentage of time spent deep diving, but whales spent significantly more time near the surface at night. Other populations of this species exhibit similar dive patterns, but with regional differences in depth, duration and inter-dive intervals. Satellite-linked tags allow for the collection of long periods of dive records, including the occurrence of anomalous behaviours, bringing new insights into the lives of these deep divers.

Cephalopod prey of two Ziphius cavirostris (Cetacea) stranded on the western Mediterranean coast

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Blanco ◽  
J.A. Raga
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Ziphius Cavirostris

The stomach contents of two Cuvier's beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris), male and female, stranded on the western Mediterranean coast were analysed. Food consisted exclusively of hard cephalopod remains. The character of this teuthophagous diet agrees with the offshore and deep diving behaviour of Z. cavirostris.

scholarly journals Strandings of northern bottlenose whales, Hyperoodon ampullatus, in the north-east Atlantic: seasonality and diet

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 1109-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Fernández ◽  
Graham J. Pierce ◽  
Colin D. MacLeod ◽  
Andrew Brownlow ◽  
Robert J. Reid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
The North ◽  
Coastal Species ◽  
Northern Bottlenose Whales ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Hyperoodon Ampullatus

Peaks in northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus, strandings are found between August and September in the UK and August and November in The Netherlands, consistent with a hypothesized southward migration. However, results on diet suggest that several whales stranded during these months were not travelling from northern latitudes prior to stranding. We analysed the stomach contents of ten whales stranded in the north-east Atlantic (Scotland, N = 6, England, N = 1, Ireland, N = 2 and The Netherlands, N = 1). All but one of the analysed whales (live-stranded in the River Thames in January 2006) stranded between August and October. Food remains consisted almost entirely of cephalopod mandibles. Twenty-one cephalopod species (16 families) were recorded, the most abundant taxa being Gonatus spp., Teuthowenia spp. and Taonius pavo. No fish and few crustacean remains were found. Small amounts of cephalopod flesh were found in three of the stomachs and none in the others. Given that cephalopod beaks can remain within the stomach for several days, and that there was no evidence of inshore feeding (no coastal species were present among the prey), the whales may not have fed for several days prior to stranding. Three whales had remains of warm-temperate water cephalopods (e.g. Vampyroteuthis infernalis, Heteroteuthis sp.) in their stomachs, while three individuals showed a high diversity of prey in their stomachs, suggesting that several of the whales could have been either travelling north or consistently feeding in temperate latitudes prior to stranding. As previously recorded in other deep diving teuthophagous cetaceans, two animals had ingested small amounts of plastic debris.

scholarly journals Adjustment of diving behaviour with prey encounters and body condition in a deep diving predator: the Southern Elephant Seal

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joffrey Jouma'a ◽  
Yves Le Bras ◽  
Gaëtan Richard ◽  
Jade Vacquié‐Garcia ◽  
Baptiste Picard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Elephant Seal ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Southern Elephant Seal ◽  
Deep Diving

scholarly journals Description of the skeleton of the fossil beaked whale <i>Messapicetus gregarius</i>: searching potential proxies for deep-diving abilities

Fossil Record ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Ramassamy ◽  
Olivier Lambert ◽  
Alberto Collareta ◽  
Mario Urbina ◽  
Giovanni Bianucci
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Diving Behaviour ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Functional Interpretation ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Beaked Whales ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Degree Of Association ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Ziphiidae (beaked whales) are a successful family of medium- to large-sized toothed whales. Their extant members perform regular deep dives beyond the photic zone to forage for cephalopods and fish. Conversely, extinct long-snouted stem ziphiids are interpreted as epipelagic predators. However, some aspects of this hypothesis remain unclear due to the lack of clear morphological proxies for recognizing regular deep divers. We compared the forelimb, neck, and pterygoid sinus system of the fossil ziphiid Messapicetus gregarius with those of other odontocetes to evaluate the potential of these body regions as proxies to assess deep-diving specialization. The reconstructed musculature of the neck and forelimb of M. gregarius was also compared with that of other odontocetes. We also quantified variation in the proportions of the forelimb and the hamular fossa of the pterygoid sinus (HF) using 16 linear measurements. The degree of association between diving behaviour in extant odontocetes and these measurements was evaluated with and without phylogenetic correction. Reconstruction of the neck musculature suggests that M. gregarius possessed a neck more flexible than most extant ziphiids due to the lower degree of fusion of the cervical vertebrae and the large insertions for the M. longus colli and Mm. intertransversarii ventrales cervicis. While neck rigidity might be related to deep diving, differences in neck flexibility among extant ziphiids indicate a more complex functional interpretation. The relationship between forelimb morphology and diving behaviour was not significant, both with and without phylogenetic correction, suggesting that it cannot be used to assess deep-diving abilities with the parameters considered here. Measurements of the HF revealed successful to evaluate deep-diving abilities in odontocetes, with an enlargement of this structure in deep divers. Considering other evidence that suggests an epipelagic behaviour, we propose different scenarios to explain the observation of an enlarged HF in M. gregarius: (1) this species may have fed at different depths; (2) it performed deep dives to avoid potential predators; or (3) the enlarged HF and deep-diving habitat correspond to an ancestral condition, with M. gregarius returning to a more epipelagic habitat.

First Confirmed Record of Northern Bottlenose Whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) in Madeira Archipelago, Northeast Atlantic

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 474-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Ferreira ◽  
Filipe Alves ◽  
Claudia Gomes ◽  
Daniel Jardim ◽  
Judith Kok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast Atlantic ◽  
Madeira Archipelago ◽  
Hyperoodon Ampullatus

Valsalva retinopathy caused by deep diving

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-58
Author(s):  
M.V. Mustaeva-Pavlova ◽  
◽  
E.V. Molchanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Diving ◽  
Valsalva Retinopathy

Актуальность. Ретинопатия Вальсальвы выявляется у больных при резком подъеме внутрибрюшного/внутригрудного давления в результате напряжения (маневра Вальсальвы), которое проявляется преимущественно преретинальным кровоизлиянием. Проявления могут возникнуть при глубоководных погружениях, поднятии тяжести, гипербарических пробах, аэробных упражнениях, кашле, рвоте, чихании, запорах. Цель. Обратить внимание офтальмологов на специфику данной патологии: развитие макулярного кровоизлияния вследствие повышения внутрибрюшного/внутригрудного давления, в результате напряжения. Материал и методы. Клинический случай: Пациентка, 14 лет, обратилась с жалобами на снижение зрения, «пятно» перед левым глазом после занятия плаванием, нырянием на глубину, обращение на вторые сутки. Объективно: VISOS = 0,5н/к. Глазное дно слева – кровоизлияние в центре макулярной области диаметром 1/4 PD. ОКТ: крупное, гиперэхогенное образование, во внутренних слоях сетчатки, h~183 мкм, утолщение сетчатки – h~306 мкм, в переднем отделе сетчатки кровоизлияние. Периметрия: центральная скотома левого глаза. Результаты. Через 9,5 месяцев выжидательной тактики: VISOS=1,0. На глазном дне кровоизлияние рассосалось, ОКТ левого глаза: гиперэхогенное образование h~25 мкм. Периметрия: поле зрения в норме. Выводы. Ретинопатия Вальсальвы — состояние, которое протекает благоприятно и не требует терапии. Дифференциальная диагностика должна проводиться с другими ретинопатиями, в том числе, с доброкачественной ретинопатией. Тщательный сбор анамнеза поможет в постановке диагноза и выборе тактики ведения пациента.

RMI 6Al-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo

Alloy Digest ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
High Impact ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Deep Diving ◽  
High Impact Strength ◽  
Reactive Metals

Abstract RMI-6A1-2Cb-1Ta-0.8Mo is a titanium-base alloy recommended for parts requiring high impact strength along with good corrosion resistance, especially for deep diving under sea vehicles. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ti-53. Producer or source: Reactive Metals Inc..

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